Eulophidae

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Eulophidae
Temporal range: Ypresian–Recent
Colpoclypeus florus (female). Stinger will inject toxin, causes the leafroller to spin extra-thick webbing, K10910-1.jpg
Colpoclypeus florus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Superfamily: Chalcidoidea
Family: Eulophidae
Westwood 1829
Subfamilies

Elasminae
Entedoninae
Entiinae
Eulophinae
Opheliminae
Tetrastichinae

Contents

Diversity
Five subfamilies
about 300 genera
about 4300 species

The Eulophidae is a large family of hymenopteran insects, with over 4,300 described species in some 300 genera. The family includes the genus Elasmus , which used to be treated as a separate family, "Elasmidae", and is now treated as a subfamily of Eulophidae. [1] These minute insects are challenging to study, as they deteriorate rapidly after death unless extreme care is taken (e.g., preservation in ethanol), making identification of most museum specimens difficult. The larvae of very few species feed on plants, but the majority are primary parasitoids on a huge range of arthropods at all stages of development. They are exceptional in that they are one of two hymenopteran families with some species that are known to parasitize thrips. [2] Eulophids are found throughout the world in virtually all habitats (one is even aquatic, parasitising water-penny beetles).

Eulophids are separable from most other Chalcidoidea by the possession of only four tarsomeres on each leg, a small, straight protibial spur (as opposed to the larger, curved one in most other chalcidoids), and by antennae with two to four funicle segments and at most 10 antennomeres.

See also

Related Research Articles

Achrysocharoides is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

Agmostigma is a small genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae which contains three species, all described in 1996 by Ubaidillah and LaSalle and so far only recorded from Brunei in northern Borneo.

Anaprostocetus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

Aulogymnus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

Baeoentedon is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae, they are parasitoids of whitefly from the family Aleyrodidae which are found on trees of the genus Ficus. They have been recorded from Australia, China, India, Indonesia and Florida. A fifth species, Baeoentodon farazi, was described from Karnataka, India, in 2017.

Ceranisus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. They are parasitoids of thrips of the order Thysanoptera and may be important in their biological control.

<i>Closterocerus</i> Genus of wasps

Closterocerus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

Dicladocerus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

Eprhopalotus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. Their distribution varies between species but ranges from Costa Rica, Mexico to Texas. There are currently 5 species of Eprhopalotus:

Goetheana is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. As a parasitoid of thrips, this wasp is used in biological pest control.

Kolopterna is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. Kolopterna comprises 14–15 species distributed in the Palearctic and Oriental regions All Kolopterna species are endoparasitoids of gall midges causing galls on various Chenopodiaceae.

Microdonophagus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

Microlycus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

<i>Minotetrastichus</i> Genus of wasps

Minotetrastichus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. They are parasites of leaf-mining Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera.

Omphalentedon is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

<i>Ophelimus</i> Genus of wasps

Ophelimus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. Members of this genus induce galls on Eucalyptus plants.

Paraolinx is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

<i>Pediobius</i> Genus of wasps

Pediobius is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the chalcid wasp family Eulophidae. Like their relatives, the larvae of these diminutive wasps are parasitoids of various arthropods. Some Pediobius are used in biological pest control.

<i>Pnigalio</i> Genus of wasps

Pnigalio is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae. Nearly 100 species have been described of which about half may be valid. All species are parasites of other insects. Their biology varies widely among those species that have been studied. Some are ectoparasites, others parasitoid, and still others are hyperparasitoids and their hosts include beetles, flies, hymenopteran and lepidopterans.

<i>Quadrastichus</i> Genus of wasps

Quadrastichus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

References

  1. ↑ Gauthier, N.; Lasalle, J.; Quicke, D. L. J.; Godfray, H. C. J. (2000). "Phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), with a reclassification of Eulophinae and the recognition that Elasmidae are derived eulophids". Systematic Entomology. 25 (4). Wiley: 521–539. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2000.00134.x. ISSN   0307-6970.
  2. ↑ Triapitsyn, S. V.; Headrick, D. H. (1995). "A Review of the Nearctic Species of the Thrips-Attacking Genus Ceranisus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)". Transactions of the American Entomological Society (1890-). 121 (4): 227–248. ISSN   0002-8320. JSTOR   25078597.
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