Monadofilosa

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Monadofilosa
Cercomonas sp.jpg
Cercomonas
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Clade: Diaphoretickes
Clade: Sar
Clade: Rhizaria
Phylum: Cercozoa
Clade: Filosa
Subphylum: Monadofilosa
Cavalier-Smith, 1997
Classes

Monadofilosa is a grouping of Cercozoa. [1] (It is sometimes considered one of three, the other two being Endomyxa and Reticulofilosa.) [2] These organisms are single-celled amoeboid protists.

Contents

Classification

Monadofilosa is sometimes treated as a superclass rather than a subphylum.[ citation needed ] Monadofilosa includes the testate amoebae known as "testaceans", and the cercomonads. It is sometimes described as Testaceafilosia and Sarcomonadea. [3] It has also been described as Sarcomonadea ( Cercomonas, Heteromita, Bodomorpha, Proleptomonas, Allantion ), Thecofilosea ( Cryptodifflugia, Cryothecomonas ), Spongomonadea ( Spongomonas, Rhipidodendron ), and Imbricatea ( Thaumatomonas, Thaumatomastix, Allas, Gyromitus, Euglypha, Trinema, Paulinella ). [4]

Sainouron has been grouped in Monadofilosa. [5]

Phylogeny

Phylogeny based on Bass et al. 2009, [6] Howe et al. 2011 [7] and Bass et al. 2016. [8]

Sarcomonadea
(paraphyletic)

Taxonomy

References

  1. Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE (October 2003). "Phylogeny and classification of phylum Cercozoa (Protozoa)". Protist. 154 (3–4): 341–58. doi:10.1078/143446103322454112. PMID   14658494.
  2. Ruggiero MA, Gordon DP, Orrell TM, Bailly N, Bourgoin T, Brusca RC, Cavalier-Smith T, Guiry MD, Kirk PM (April 29, 2015). "A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms". PLOS ONE. 10 (4): e0119248. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019248R. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119248 . PMC   4418965 . PMID   25923521.
  3. Wylezich C, Meisterfeld R, Meisterfeld S, Schlegel M (2002). "Phylogenetic analyses of small subunit ribosomal RNA coding regions reveal a monophyletic lineage of euglyphid testate amoebae (Order Euglyphida)". J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 49 (2): 108–18. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2002.tb00352.x. PMID   12043958. S2CID   33818305.
  4. "www.nies.go.jp". Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2009-06-26.
  5. Cavalier-Smith T, Lewis R, Chao EE, Oates B, Bass D (October 2008). "Morphology and phylogeny of Sainouron acronematica sp. n. and the ultrastructural unity of Cercozoa". Protist. 159 (4): 591–620. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2008.04.002. PMID   18583188.
  6. Bass D, Chao EE, Nikolaev S, et al. (February 2009). "Phylogeny of Novel Naked Filose and Reticulose Cercozoa: Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea Revised". Protist. 160 (1): 75–109. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002. PMID   18952499.
  7. Howe; et al. (2011), "Novel Cultured Protists Identify Deep-branching Environmental DNA Clades of Cercozoa: New Genera Tremula, Micrometopion, Minimassisteria, Nudifila, Peregrinia", Protist, 162 (2): 332–372, doi:10.1016/j.protis.2010.10.002, PMID   21295519
  8. Bass, et al. (2016). "Coprophilic amoebae and flagellates, including Guttulinopsis, Rosculus and Helkesimastix, characterise a divergent and diverse rhizarian radiation and contribute to a large diversity of faecal-associated protists". Environmental Microbiology. 18 (5): 1604–1619. Bibcode:2016EnvMi..18.1604B. doi:10.1111/1462-2920.13235. PMID   26914587.
  9. Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (5 September 2017). "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences". Protoplasma. 255 (1): 297–357. doi:10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3. PMC   5756292 . PMID   28875267.