Mundillo is a craft of handmade bobbin lace that is cultivated and honored on the island of Puerto Rico and Panama. [1]
Mundillo is a craft of handmade bobbin lace that is cultivated and honored on the island of Puerto Rico and Panama. [1]
The term 'mundillo' means 'little world', referring to the cylindrical pillow on which the lace maker ('Mundillista') weaves intricate designs. The decorative lace is created using wooden bobbins about the diameter of a pencil, which are wound with thread that is twisted and crossed to form a pattern. Depending on the pattern, as few as two dozen or as many as several hundred bobbins may be used.
In addition to its use as edging and borders on tablecloths and handkerchiefs, and for traditional shirt collars and trim, mundillo is also used to decorate items for special occasions, such as wedding dresses, baptismal gowns, and the cloths used to adorn religious icons. It is said that it was once common for lovers to exchange mundillo lace with romantic inscriptions. [2]
Bobbin lace was brought to Puerto Rico from Spain, [3] where it had thrived in major commercial markets as well as a cottage industry in Galicia, Castilla, and Catalonia. In Spain, lace is called encaje, because it was worked on separately and then joined to material (the Spanish word for "join" is encajar).
In the 20th century, lacemaking became an important economic activity by women of the island. Prior to WWII, lace provided income for many families to supplement the wages of men who had traveled off-island for work. [4] A revival of the tradition in the 1960s and 1970s engaged a new generation of lacemakers. [5] [4] In the 1990s, it was reported that 300 people were practitioners of mundillo on the island of Puerto Rico. [6]
In Moca, commonly known as the Capital or cradle of Mundillo, [7] there is an annual festival dedicated to the handmade lace as well as a museum, El Museo Del Mundillo. [8]
Mundillo is celebrated and featured in festivals around the island. [9] A workshop with kits to help train newcomers to mundillo was offered in Morovis in 2018. [10]
In 2021, 95-year-old "mundillera" artisan Nellie Vera Sánchez [11] was awarded a National Heritage Fellowship Award by the National Endowment for the Arts in honor of her work on this traditional craft. [12]
Lace is a delicate fabric made of yarn or thread in an open weblike pattern, made by machine or by hand. Generally, lace is divided into two main categories, needlelace and bobbin lace, although there are other types of lace, such as knitted or crocheted lace. Other laces such as these are considered as a category of their specific craft. Knitted lace, therefore, is an example of knitting. This article considers both needle lace and bobbin lace.
Vea was a Puerto Rican celebrity gossip magazine that was published weekly from 1969 to 2009. It was founded by Enrique Pizzi Galindo and Roberto García.
Bobbin lace is a lace textile made by braiding and twisting lengths of thread, which are wound on bobbins to manage them. As the work progresses, the weaving is held in place with pins set in a lace pillow, the placement of the pins usually determined by a pattern or pricking pinned on the pillow.
Moca is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico, located in the north-western region of the island, north of Añasco; southeast of Aguadilla; east of Aguada; and west of Isabela and San Sebastián. Moca is spread over 12 barrios and Moca Pueblo. It is part of the Aguadilla-Isabela-San Sebastián Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Morovis is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico located in the central region of the island, north of Orocovis, south of Manatí, Vega Baja and Vega Alta; east of Ciales, and west of Corozal. Morovis is spread over 13 barrios and Morovis Pueblo. It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Orocovis is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico located in the center of the island. Founded by Juan de Rivera y Santiago in 1825. Orocovis is spread over 17 barrios. It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area. It's located north of Villalba and Coamo; south of Morovis and Corozal; southeast of Ciales; east of Jayuya; and west of Barranquitas
Vega Alta is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico. Vega Alta is on the northern coast of the island, north of Morovis and Corozal; east of Vega Baja; and west of Dorado with an area of 28 square miles (73 km2). Vega Alta is subdivided into seven barrios and Vega Alta barrio-pueblo. It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
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Francisco Ramírez Medina, was one of the leaders of "El Grito de Lares", the first major revolt against Spanish rule and call for independence in Puerto Rico in 1868. He has thus far been the only person to be named "President of the Republic of Puerto Rico".
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Puerto Rico is a territory of the United States. Puerto Ricans are the people of Puerto Rico, the inhabitants, and citizens of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and their descendants. Puerto Rico is home to people of many different national origins as well. The people of Puerto Rico are a mix of European, Taino, and African ancestry. The island's unique mixture is represented in the varied styles of Puerto Rican art.
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Rosa Elena Egipciaco, often referred to as the 'Queen of Mundillo', is a master Mundillo lacemaker and teacher of the Puerto Rican folk art. In addition to being part of the long Mundillo tradition of her hometown of Moca, Puerto Rico, she belongs to the much larger, much longer tradition of Spanish and European bobbin lacemaking.
Carlos Méndez Martínez is a Puerto Rican politician and former mayor of Aguadilla, Puerto Rico for 24 years.
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José E. "Kiko" Avilés Santiago is a Puerto Rican politician and past mayor of Moca. Avilés is affiliated with the New Progressive Party (PNP) and has served as mayor since 2001.
Carmen Irene Maldonado González is a Puerto Rican politician and mayor of Morovis, Puerto Rico. Maldonado is affiliated with the Popular Democratic Party, has been serving as mayor since 2017 and was reelected again in 2020. As of 2019, she is the vice-president of her party.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Lace types | |||||||||
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| Needle lace |
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| Bobbin lace |
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| Other handmade laces | |||||||||
