The politics of the Republic of China take place in a framework of a representative democratic republic,whereby under the constitutional amendments,the President is head of state and the Premier is head of government,and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in primarily with the parliament and limited by government. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The party system is dominated by the Kuomintang,which favors closer links to mainland China,and the Democratic Progressive Party,which favors Taiwanese nationalism.
Chen Shui-bian is a retired Taiwanese politician and lawyer who served as the president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 2000 to 2008. Chen is the first president from the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) which ended the Kuomintang's (KMT) 55 years of continuous rule in Taiwan. He is colloquially referred to as A-Bian (阿扁).
Chinese unification,also known as the "Cross-Strait unification" or "Chinese reunification",is the potential unification of territories currently controlled,or claimed,by the People's Republic of China (China) and the Republic of China (Taiwan) under one political entity,possibly the formation of a political union between the two republics. Together with full Taiwan independence,unification is one of the main proposals to address questions on the political status of Taiwan,which is a central focus of Cross-Strait relations.
The controversy surrounding the political status of Taiwan is a result of the Chinese Civil War and the subsequent split of China into the two present-day self-governing entities of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China.
The term One China may refer to one of the following:
The pan-Blue coalition,pan-Blue force or pan-Blue groups is a loose political coalition in Taiwan consisting of the Kuomintang (KMT),People First Party (PFP),New Party (CNP),Non-Partisan Solidarity Union (NPSU),and Young China Party (YCP). The name comes from the party color of the Kuomintang. This coalition maintains that the Republic of China instead of the People's Republic of China is the legitimate government of China,favors a Chinese and Taiwanese dual identity over an exclusive Taiwanese identity,and favors greater exchange with the People's Republic of China,as opposed to the Pan-Green Coalition.
The Constitution of the Republic of China is the fifth and current constitution of the Republic of China (ROC),ratified by the Kuomintang during the Constituent National Assembly session on 25 December 1946,in Nanjing,and adopted on 25 December 1947. The constitution,along with its Additional Articles,remains effective in ROC-controlled territories.
Presidential elections were held in Taiwan on 18 March 2000 to elect the 10th-term President and Vice-President of the Republic of China under the 1947 Constitution. With a voter turnout of 82.69%,Chen Shui-bian and Annette Lu of the Democratic Progressive Party were elected president and vice president respectively with a slight plurality. This put an end to more than half a century of Kuomintang rule on Taiwan. This was the first time the ruling party peacefully transferred power to the opposition party.
Presidential elections were held in Taiwan on 20 March 2004. A consultative referendum took place on the same day regarding relations with the People's Republic of China.
The Four Noes and One Without,also known as the Four Noes was a pledge by former President of the Republic of China Chen Shui-bian made in his inauguration speech on 20 May 2000,concerning the political status of Taiwan. It was an important part of cross-straits relations.
As a result of the surrender and occupation of Japan at the end of World War II,the island of Taiwan was placed under the governance of the Republic of China (ROC),ruled by the Kuomintang (KMT),on 25 October 1945. Following the February 28 massacre in 1947,martial law was declared in 1949 by the Governor of Taiwan Province,Chen Cheng,and the ROC Ministry of National Defense. Following the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949,the ROC government retreated from the mainland as the Communists proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The KMT retreated to Taiwan and declared Taipei the temporary capital of the ROC. For many years,the ROC and PRC each continued to claim in the diplomatic arena to be the sole legitimate government of "China". In 1971,the United Nations expelled the ROC and replaced it with the PRC.
The 2004 Taiwanese legislative election was held on 11 December 2004. All 225 seats of the Legislative Yuan were up for election:168 elected by single non-transferable vote,41 elected through party-list Proportional representation,eight elected from overseas Chinese constituencies on the basis of the proportion of nationwide votes received by participating political parties,eight elected by popular vote among the aboriginal populations. Members served three-year terms beginning on 1 February 2005,and ending 31 January 2008. The next term served four years.
The Anti-Secession Law is a law of the People's Republic of China,passed by the 3rd Session of the 10th National People's Congress. It was ratified on March 14,2005,and went into effect immediately. President Hu Jintao promulgated the law with Presidential Decree No. 34. Although the law,at ten articles,is relatively short,Article 8 formalized the long-standing policy of the PRC to use military means against Taiwan independence in the event peaceful means become otherwise impossible. The law does not explicitly equate "China" with the People's Republic of China.
The Guidelines for National Unification,or the National Unification Guidelines (NUG),were written by the National Unification Council,an advisory body of the Republic of China government,regarding the reunification of China. The National Unification Guidelines were adopted by the Executive Yuan Council on February 23,1991. The guidelines have a three-step process for the gradual unification of mainland China and Taiwan.
Jaushieh Joseph Wu is a Taiwanese politician currently serving as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China under current President Tsai Ing-wen since February 26,2018. He was formerly the Secretary-General to the President of the Republic of China and the Secretary-General of the National Security Council of the Republic of China. From 2007 to 2008,he was Chief Representative of Republic of China to the United States as the head of the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Washington,D.C.,having been appointed to that position by President Chen Shui-bian to succeed his predecessor,David Lee. On February 26,2018,he took over the position of the Minister of Foreign Affairs,again succeeding David Lee.
The proposed National Unification Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China is a document that appeared in early 2004 as a suggestion to create formal a legal basis for the People's Republic of China's reunification with Taiwan. It was authored by a Chinese scholar Yu Yuanzhou (余元州),a professor from the Jianghan University in Wuhan who does not have a formal governmental position. Although no formal legislative action has been taken on the document,it was widely discussed in China. The reactions to the proposed document was mixed,with some,mainly in Taiwan,saying it provided evidence of hostile intent on the part of the PRC,while others praising it for proposing flexible solutions to the intractable conflict.
The Four-Stage Theory of the Republic of China or the Theory of the Four Stages of the Republic of China is a viewpoint proposed by Chen Shui-bian,the President of the Republic of China from 2000 to 2008,in 2005. It is a viewpoint regarding the political status of the Republic of China,whose government retreated to the island of Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War in 1949. The main idea of the theory is that the time line for the development of the Republic of China can be classified into four stages,which are:
- The Republic of China on the mainland,1912–1949
- The Republic of China arrival to Taiwan,1949–1988,before Lee Teng-hui's presidency
- The Republic of China on Taiwan,1988–2000,during Lee Teng-hui's presidency
- The Republic of China is Taiwan,2000–now,during Chen Shui-bian's presidency
Taiwanese nationalism is a nationalist movement to identify the Taiwanese people as a distinct nation. Due to the complex political status of Taiwan,it is strongly linked with the Taiwan independence movement in seeking an identity separate from the Chinese. This involves the education of history,geography,and culture from a Taiwan-centric perspective,promoting native languages of Taiwan such as Taiwanese Hokkien,Hakka,and indigenous languages,as well as reforms in other aspects.
The term "Two Chinas" refers to the geopolitical situation where two political entities exist under the name "China".
Events from the year 2006 in Taiwan,Republic of China. This year is numbered Minguo 95 according to the official Republic of China calendar.
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