Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether

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Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether
Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether.svg
Names
IUPAC name
2-[[2,2-dimethyl-3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propoxy]methyl]oxirane
Other names
Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether; 1,3-Bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-2,2-dimethylpropane; 2,2'-((2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediyl)bis(oxymethylene))bis(oxirane); CCRIS 2640; Diglycidyl ether of neopentyl gylcol; EINECS 241-536-7; Heloxy WC68; UNII-9288EM7AOW; Oxirane, 2,2'-((2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediyl)bis(oxymethylene))bis-; Propane, 1,3-bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-2,2-dimethyl-
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.037.745 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 241-536-7
PubChem CID
  • InChI=1S/C11H20O4/c1-11(2,7-12-3-9-5-14-9)8-13-4-10-6-15-10/h9-10H,3-8H2,1-2H3
    Key: KUAUJXBLDYVELT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • CC(C)(COCC1CO1)COCC2CO2
Properties
C11H20O4
Molar mass 216.275 g/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling: [1]
GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg
Warning
H315, H317
P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P362, P363, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether (NPGDGE) is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It is aliphatic and a colorless liquid. It has the formula C11H20O4 and the CAS registry number of 17557-23-2. [2] It has two oxirane groups per molecule. [3] Its principle use is in modifying epoxy resins. [4]

Contents

It is REACH registered. [5] The IUPAC name is 2-[[2,2-dimethyl-3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propoxy]methyl]oxirane. [6]

Synthesis

Neopentyl glycol and epichlorohydrin are reacted in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to form a halohydrin. This is followed by washing with sodium hydroxide in dehydrochlorination step. This forms Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether. [7] The waste products are water and sodium chloride and excess caustic soda. One of the quality control tests would involve measuring the Epoxy value by determination of the epoxy equivalent weight.

Uses

A key use is modifying the viscosity and properties of epoxy resins. As an Epoxy modifier it is classed as an epoxy reactive diluent. [8] which may then be formulated into CASE applications: Coatings, [9] Adhesives, [10] Sealants and Elastomers and composite materials. These uses include cationic polymerization reactions. [11] [12] The use of the diluent does effect mechanical properties and microstructure of epoxy resins. [13] [14] It is also used to synthesize other molecules. [15] [16] [17]

Toxicity

NPGDGE toxicity is fairly well understood. [18] It is classed as a skin irritant and skin sensitizer. [19] [20]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Epoxy</span> Type of material

Epoxy is the family of basic components or cured end products of epoxy resins. Epoxy resins, also known as polyepoxides, are a class of reactive prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups. The epoxide functional group is also collectively called epoxy. The IUPAC name for an epoxide group is an oxirane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polypropylene glycol</span> Chemical compound

Polypropylene glycol or polypropylene oxide is the polymer of propylene glycol. Chemically it is a polyether, and, more generally speaking, it's a polyalkylene glycol (PAG) H S Code 3907.2000. The term polypropylene glycol or PPG is reserved for polymer of low- to medium-range molar mass when the nature of the end-group, which is usually a hydroxyl group, still matters. The term "oxide" is used for high-molar-mass polymer when end-groups no longer affect polymer properties. Between 60 and 70% of propylene oxide is converted to polyether polyols by the process called alkoxylation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is an organic compound and is a liquid epoxy resin. The compound is a colorless viscous liquid. It is a key component of many epoxy resin formulations. Addition of further Bisphenol A and a catalyst and heat can produce Bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resins of higher molecular weight that are solid.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclohexanedimethanol</span> Chemical compound

Cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) is a mixture of isomeric organic compounds with formula C6H10(CH2OH)2. It is a colorless low-melting solid used in the production of polyester resins. Commercial samples consist of a mixture of cis and trans isomers. It is a di-substituted derivative of cyclohexane and is classified as a diol, meaning that it has two OH functional groups. Commercial CHDM typically has a cis/trans ratio of 30:70.

n-Butyl glycidyl ether is an industrial chemical used in adhesives, sealants, and as a paint or coating additive. It is principally used to reduce the viscosity of epoxy resin systems.

2-Ethylhexyl glycidyl ether is a liquid organic molecule with formula C11H22O2 an industrial chemical used to reduce the viscosity of epoxy resins. These are then used in adhesives, sealants, and paints or coatings. It has the CAS Registry Number of 2461-15-6. It has the IUPAC name of 2-(2-ethylhexoxymethyl)oxirane. It also finds use in other polymer based applications.

<i>o</i>-Cresyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound

o-Cresyl glycidyl ether (ortho-cresyl glycidyl ether, o-CGE) is a liquid aromatic organic chemical compound and chemically a glycidyl ether. It has the formula C10H12O2 and the CAS Registry Number 2210-79-9. It is one of a number of glycidyl ethers available commercially that are used to reduce the viscosity of epoxy resins. These are then further used in coatings, sealants, adhesives and elastomers.

1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (B14DODGE) is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It is aliphatic and a colorless liquid. It has two epoxide (oxirane) groups per molecule. Its main use is in modifying epoxy resins especially viscosity reduction.

1,6-Hexanediol diglycidyl ether is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It is an aliphatic compound that is a colorless liquid. It has two epoxide (oxirane) groups per molecule. Its main use is in modifying epoxy resins especially viscosity reduction whilst flexibilizing. It is REACH registered.

1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It has the formula C14H24O4 and the IUPAC name is 2-[[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methoxymethyl]oxirane, and the CAS number 14228-73-0. It is REACH registered in Europe. It is an industrial chemical and a key use is in the reduction of viscosity of epoxy resin systems functioning as a reactive diluent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">C12–C14 alcohol glycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

C12-C14 alcohol glycidyl ether (AGE) is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It is a mixture of mainly 12 and 14 carbon chain alcohols, also called fatty alcohols that have been glycidated. It is an industrial chemical used as a surfactant but primarily for epoxy resin viscosity reduction. It has the CAS number 68609-97-2 but the IUPAC name is more complex as it is a mixture and is 2-(dodecoxymethyl)oxirane;2-(tetradecoxymethyl)oxirane;2-(tridecoxymethyl)oxirane. Other names include dodecyl and tetradecyl glycidyl ethers and alkyl (C12-C14) glycidyl ether.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

Trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TMPTGE) is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It has the formula C15H26O6 and the IUPAC name is 2-[2,2-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethoxymethyl)butoxymethyl]oxirane, and the CAS number 3454-29-3. It also has another CAS number of 30499-70-8 A key use is as a modifier for epoxy resins as a reactive diluent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Castor oil glycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

Castor oil glycidyl ether is a liquid organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It is sometimes called castor oil triglycidyl ether. It has the theoretical formula C66H116O12 and the CAS number 14228-73-0. The IUPAC name is 2,3-bis[12-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 12-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)octadec-9-enoate. A key use is acting as a modifier for epoxy resins as a reactive diluent that adds flexibility and improved mechanical properties.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">C12–C13 alcohol glycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

C12-C13 alcohol glycidyl ether is a mixture of organic chemicals in the glycidyl ether family. It is a mixture of mainly 12 and 13 carbon chain alcohols, also called fatty alcohols that have been glycidated. It is an industrial chemical used as a surfactant but primarily for epoxy resin viscosity reduction. It has the CAS number 120547-52-6.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trimethylolethane triglycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

Trimethylolethane triglycidyl ether (TMETGE) is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It has the formula C14H24O6 and the IUPAC name is 2-({2-methyl-3-[(oxiran-2-yl)methoxy]-2-{[(oxiran-2-yl)methoxy]methyl}propoxy}methyl)oxirane. The CAS number is 68460-21-9. A key use is as a modifier for epoxy resins as a reactive diluent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Poly(propylene glycol) diglycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

Poly(propylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PPGDGE) is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. There are a number of variations depending on the starting molecular weight of the polypropylene glycol. They have the formula (C3H6O)n.C6H10O3 and the IUPAC name is Poly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)],a-(2-oxiranylmethyl)-w-(2-oxiranylmethoxy)- A key use is as a modifier for epoxy resins as a reactive diluent and flexibilizer. It is REACH registered.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

Diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (DEGDGE) is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family with the formula C10H18O5.. The oxirane functionality makes it useful as a reactive diluent for epoxy resin viscosity reduction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diglycidyl resorcinol ether</span> Chemical compound

Diglycidyl resorcinol ether, also called Resorcinol diglycidyl ether (RDGE) is a liquid aromatic organic chemical compound and chemically a glycidyl ether.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phenyl glycidyl ether</span> Chemical compound

Phenyl glycidyl ether, is a liquid aromatic organic chemical in the glycidyl ether class of compounds. It has the formula C9H10O2. It has the CAS Registry Number 122-60-1 and the IUPAC name of 2-(phenoxymethyl)oxirane. A key use is in the viscosity reduction of epoxy resin systems. It is REACH registered and on EINECS under the name 2,3-epoxypropyl phenyl ether.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diglycidyl aniline</span> Chemical compound

Diglycidyl aniline is an aromatic organic chemical in the glycidyl compound family. It is used to reduce the viscosity of epoxy resin systems. It has the empirical formula C12H15NO2 and the IUPAC name is N,N-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline. The CAS number is 2095-06-9. It is REACH registered in Europe with the EC number 218-259-5. A key use is in the viscosity reduction of epoxy resin systems functioning as a reactive diluent.

References

  1. ↑ "Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  2. ↑ "System of Registries | US EPA". sor.epa.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-25.
  3. ↑ PubChem. "Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-25.
  4. ↑ Jagtap, Ameya Rajendra; More, Aarti (2022-08-01). "Developments in reactive diluents: a review". Polymer Bulletin. 79 (8): 5667–5708. doi:10.1007/s00289-021-03808-5. ISSN   1436-2449. S2CID   235678040.
  5. ↑ "Substance Information - ECHA". echa.europa.eu. Retrieved 2022-03-25.
  6. ↑ PubChem. "Neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  7. ↑ Crivello, James V. (2006). "Design and synthesis of multifunctional glycidyl ethers that undergo frontal polymerization". Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 44 (21): 6435–6448. Bibcode:2006JPoSA..44.6435C. doi:10.1002/pola.21761. ISSN   0887-624X.
  8. ↑ Monte, Salvatore J. (1998), Pritchard, Geoffrey (ed.), "Diluents and viscosity modifiers for epoxy resins", Plastics Additives: An A-Z reference, Polymer Science and Technology Series, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, vol. 1, pp. 211–216, doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5862-6_24, ISBN   978-94-011-5862-6 , retrieved 2022-03-29
  9. ↑ Howarth G.A "Synthesis of a legislation compliant corrosion protection coating system based on urethane, oxazolidine and waterborne epoxy technology" page 23 Master of Science Thesis April 1997 Imperial College London
  10. ↑ Luo, Jing; Luo, Jianlin; Zhang, Jizhi; Bai, Yuanyuan; Gao, Qiang; Li, Jianzhang; Li, Li (September 2016). "A New Flexible Soy-Based Adhesive Enhanced with Neopentyl Glycol Diglycidyl Ether: Properties and Application". Polymers. 8 (9): 346. doi: 10.3390/polym8090346 . ISSN   2073-4360. PMC   6432166 . PMID   30974622.
  11. ↑ Crivello, James V (March 2006). "Cationic photopolymerization of alkyl glycidyl ethers". Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 44 (9): 3036–3052. Bibcode:2006JPoSA..44.3036C. doi:10.1002/pola.21419.
  12. ↑ Bulut, Umut; Crivello, James V. (2005-04-02). "Investigation of the Reactivity of Epoxide Monomers in Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization". Macromolecules. 38 (9): 3584–3595. Bibcode:2005MaMol..38.3584B. doi:10.1021/ma050106k. ISSN   0024-9297.
  13. ↑ Pastarnokienė, Liepa; Jonikaitė-Švėgždienė, Jūratė; Lapinskaitė, Neringa; Kulbokaitė, Rūta; Bočkuvienė, Alma; Kochanė, Tatjana; Makuška, Ričardas (2023-07-01). "The effect of reactive diluents on curing of epoxy resins and properties of the cured epoxy coatings". Journal of Coatings Technology and Research. 20 (4): 1207–1221. doi:10.1007/s11998-022-00737-4. ISSN   1935-3804. S2CID   256749849.
  14. ↑ Khalina, Morteza; Beheshty, Mohammad Hosain; Salimi, Ali (2019-08-01). "The effect of reactive diluent on mechanical properties and microstructure of epoxy resins". Polymer Bulletin. 76 (8): 3905–3927. doi:10.1007/s00289-018-2577-6. ISSN   1436-2449. S2CID   105389177.
  15. ↑ Simokaitiene, Jurate; Lazauskaite, Ruta; Grazulevicius, Juozas V (2002-02-28). "Photopolymerization of neopentyl glycol diglycidylether and its compositions with 9-(2-oxiranylmethyl) carbazole". Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. 147 (1): 55–61. doi:10.1016/S1010-6030(01)00622-0. ISSN   1010-6030.
  16. ↑ "Polyepoxy Compound Fixation / Yasuharu Noishiki, Teruo Miyata", Encyclopedia of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (2 ed.), CRC Press, 2008, pp. 2263–2272, doi:10.1201/9780429154065-213, ISBN   978-0-429-15406-5 , retrieved 2022-03-29
  17. ↑ Huang, Bi-wu; Huang, Bo-fen; Chen, Wei-qing; Ouyang, Zhi-qiang (2009-10-11). "Synthesis of a novel UV-curable prepolymer neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether diacrylate and its cured film tensile property". Journal of Shanghai University (English Edition). 13 (5): 396. doi:10.1007/s11741-009-0511-3. ISSN   1863-236X. S2CID   124976924.
  18. ↑ Berdasco, Nancy Anne M.; Waechter, John M. (2012-08-17), Bingham, Eula; Cohrssen, Barbara; Powell, Charles H. (eds.), "Epoxy Compounds: Aromatic Diglycidyl Ethers, Polyglycidyl Ethers, Glycidyl Esters, and Miscellaneous Epoxy Compounds", Patty's Toxicology, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 491–528, doi:10.1002/0471435139.tox083.pub2, ISBN   978-0-471-12547-1 , retrieved 2022-07-28
  19. ↑ US EPA, OCSPP (2013-03-01). "Chemical Data Reporting under the Toxic Substances Control Act". www.epa.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  20. ↑ Jolanki, R.; Sysilampi, M.-L.; Kanerva, L.; Estlander, T. (1989). "Contact Allergy to Cycloaliphatic Epoxy Resins". In Frosch, Peter; Dooms-Goossens, A.; Lachapelle, J.-M.; Rycroft, R. J. G.; Scheper, R. J. (eds.). Current Topics in Contact Dermatitis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 360–367. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74299-6_75. ISBN   978-3-642-74299-6.

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