Newfoundland Ranger Force

Last updated
Newfoundland Ranger Force
Newfoundland Rangers badge.png
MottoUbique
Agency overview
Formed1935
DissolvedApril 1, 1949
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionNewfoundland
Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.svg
Map of Newfoundland Ranger Force's jurisdiction
Population526,702
Legal jurisdiction Dominion of Newfoundland
Governing body Newfoundland Commission of Government
General nature
Operational structure
Headquarters Colonial Building, St. John's 1935-1942
Kilbride Depot 1942-1949
officers420
civilians125
Parent agency Department of Natural Resources

The Newfoundland Ranger Force was the police force of the Dominion of Newfoundland. It provided law enforcement and other government services to outports for 15 years. It existed from 1935 to 1949, at which point it was merged into the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). 204 men served as Rangers during its existence, though at any given time the force did not exceed 72 members.

Contents

The Commission of Government decided to model the Newfoundland Ranger force on the RCMP and not the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary, which at the time were in operation at St. John's.

Operations

Recruits had to be male, single, between the age of 19 (though men as young as 17 managed to join) to 28, have attained high school grade 11, stand at least 5 feet 9 inches (175 cm) tall and weigh not more than 185 pounds (84 kg).

Training, which included paramilitary marching, battle drill and small arms practice, was administered by a sergeant major of the Newfoundland Militia.

The uniform, similar to that of the RCMP, consisted of a khaki tunic and breeches with a brown stripe, fur caps as winter attire. The dress uniform was of blue serge and accompanied by swords and sometimes hickory batons for riot control.

The badge was of a caribou head inscribed with the motto ubique, meaning everywhere.

Headquarters were located in the basement of the Colonial Building in St. John's and the forces men were housed in temporary barracks in a tent in Whitbourne, which later became permanent HQ from 1936 to 1942 [1] In 1942 HQ moved to Kilbride and remained until the force was disbanded in 1950.

Duties

They were responsible for carrying out policies of six government departments;

Ranks

Civilian staff were non-sworn members:

History

The force was recommended by Deputy Minister of Justice Brian Dunfield in 1932 to the Amulree Commission. The Newfoundland Constabulary was to remain as the police force for the major centres on the Avalon and Bonavista peninsulas while the Rangers would service remote areas of the island and Labrador. [3]

The force was placed under the Department of Natural Resources, though served all six of the Commission's departments, under the control of Major Leonard T. Stick, an officer of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment. [2]

The former estate of Sir Robert Bond, the Grange, located at Whitbourne was used as training facilities. Amongst the training in law enforcement they were also trained in how to record vital statistics and submit monthly reports.

When World War II began in 1939, the Dominions Office was forced to declare the Rangers an essential service, thus disallowing members to enlist in other armed services, after thirty-four Rangers had left the service. Those members who had departed joined a variety of military forces, including the Newfoundland Heavy Artillery, the Royal Air Force, the Royal Canadian Air Force, the Royal Canadian Navy and the Royal Navy.

The force was called upon to attend political meetings and also act as observers and during the 1948 referendum they operated the polling stations.

On April 1, 1949, the Newfoundland Rangers were amalgamated with the RCMP.

Chief Rangers

Chief Rangers who had served with the force;

Other Notable Rangers

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Canadian Mounted Police</span> Federal police service

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is the national police service of Canada. The RCMP is an agency of the Government of Canada; it also delivers police services under contract to 11 provinces and territories, over 150 municipalities, and 600 Indigenous communities. The RCMP is commonly known as the Mounties in English.

A constable is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in criminal law enforcement. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions. A constable is commonly the rank of an officer within the police. Other people may be granted powers of a constable without holding this title.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philippine Constabulary</span> Defunct Philippine military-police force

The Philippine Constabulary was a gendarmerie-type military police force of the Philippines from 1901 to 1991, and the predecessor to the Philippine National Police. It was created by the American occupational government to replace the Spanish colonial Guardia Civil, happened on the 19th century history of the Philippines. It was the first of the four branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. On January 29, 1991, it was merged with the Integrated National Police to form the Philippine National Police.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Newfoundland Constabulary</span> Canadian police service

The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary (RNC) is the provincial police service for the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">State police</span> Type of sub-national territorial police force

State police, provincial police or regional police are a type of sub-national territorial police force found in nations organized as federations, typically in North America, South Asia, and Oceania, mostly Australia, United States, India, Canada and United Kingdom, because each of their state police are mostly at country level. These forces typically have jurisdiction over the relevant sub-national jurisdiction, and may cooperate in law enforcement activities with municipal or national police where either exist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Canadian Mounted Police Protective Policing</span> Protective services by the RCMP

The Protective Policing Service, operated by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, provides security details for the members of the Royal Family, the Governor General of the country and the Prime Minister. They also protect the families of the Prime Minister and Governor General, federal cabinet ministers, visiting VIPs, Members of Parliament, and Senators, diplomats, Supreme, Federal Court and Federal Court of Appeal justices, and those designated by the Minister of Public Safety as protected persons.

Inspector, also police inspector or inspector of police, is a police rank. The rank or position varies in seniority depending on the organization that uses it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pace stick</span>

A pace stick is a long stick usually carried by warrant officer and non-commissioned officer drill instructors in the British and Commonwealth armed forces as a symbol of authority and as an aid to military drill.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Isle of Man Constabulary</span> Police service of the Isle of Man

The Isle of Man Constabulary is the national police service of the Isle of Man, an island of 85,000 inhabitants, situated approximately equidistant from Northern Ireland, Wales, Scotland and England.

The Kew Constabulary is a small, specialised constabulary responsible for policing the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew in Richmond-upon-Thames, England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Law enforcement in Canada</span> Overview of law enforcement in Canada

Law enforcement in Canada is the responsibility of police services, special constabularies, and civil law enforcement agencies, which are operated by every level of government, some private and Crown corporations, and First Nations. In contrast to the United States or Mexico, and with the exception of the Unité permanente anticorruption in Quebec and the Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia, there are no organizations dedicated exclusively to the investigation of criminal activity in Canada. Criminal investigations are instead conducted by police services, which maintain specialized criminal investigation units in addition to their mandate for emergency response and general community safety.

A territorial police force is a police service that is responsible for an area defined by sub-national boundaries, distinguished from other police services which deal with the entire country or a type of crime. In countries organized as federations, police responsible for individual sub-national jurisdictions are typically called state or provincial police.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leonard Stick</span> Canadian politician

Leonard Tretheway Stick was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in St. John's, Newfoundland and became an accountant, businessman, clerk and manager by career. Leonard Stick was the first Newfoundlander to enlist during World War I, following the creation of the Newfoundland Regiment in September 1914.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Special constable</span> Auxiliary or specialized law enforcement officer

A special constable or special police constable can refer to an auxiliary or part-time law enforcement officer or a person who is granted certain (special) police powers.

Queen's Birthday Honours are announced on or around the date of the Queen's Official Birthday in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The dates vary, both from year to year and from country to country. All are published in supplements to the London Gazette and many are conferred by the monarch some time after the date of the announcement, particularly for those service people on active duty.

Queen's Birthday Honours are announced on or around the date of the Queen's Official Birthday in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The dates vary, both from year to year and from country to country. All are published in supplements to the London Gazette and many are conferred by the monarch some time after the date of the announcement, particularly for those service people on active duty.

Queen's Birthday Honours are announced on or around the date of the Queen's Official Birthday in Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The dates vary, both from year to year and from country to country. All are published in supplements to the London Gazette and many are formally conferred by the monarch some time after the date of the announcement, particularly for service people on active duty.

The 1939 New Year Honours were appointments by King George VI to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the United Kingdom and British Empire. They were announced on 30 December 1938.

The police in Canada's ranks differ according to the different police forces and depend on different laws at the federal, provincial, and municipal levels.

References

  1. "A Ramble Through the Life and Times of a Ranger".
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador , ISBN   0-9693422-1-7.
  3. "Newfoundland Ranger Force".
  4. Hulgaard, William Joseph; White, John Wesley (2002). Honoured in Places: Remembered Mounties Across Canada. Heritage House Publishing Co. ISBN   9781894384391.
  5. 1 2 3 "Newfoundland Ranger Force Members".
  6. "Newfoundland Ranger Force Members".