Ojuelos de Jalisco

Ojuelos de Jalisco
Municipality and Town
Coat of arms
Location of the municipality in Jalisco
Ojuelos de Jalisco Location in Mexico
Coordinates: 21°52′N101°35′W / 21.867°N 101.583°W / 21.867; -101.583
Country	Mexico
State	Jalisco
Garrison built	1569
Government
• Mayor / Presidente Municipal	Marco Antonio Jasso Romo
Area
• Total	1,156.71 km2 (446.61 sq mi)
Population  (2010)
• Total	30,097
Time zone	UTC-6 (Central Standard Time)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-5 (Central Daylight Time)
Postcode	47540
Area code(s)	496

Ojuelos de Jalisco is a colonial town and municipality in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. The town's 1990 population was 7,265, ^[1] although by the year 2010 it had increased to 11,881. ^[2]

It sits at the junction of Mexico Highways 51, 70, and 80. The municipality is located in the North-Central region of Mexico. It is bordered by 3 states: Guanajuato, Zacatecas and Aguascalientes. Also, it is located in close proximity to the state of San Luis Potosi. All of the above makes of Ojuelos one of the municipalities with the most borders in Mexico. It also borders with the Lagos de Moreno municipality in the state of Jalisco.

History

The city was founded by Spanish conquistador Pedro Carrillo Davila in 1569, as a fortification or military garrison to protect travelers against the Chichimecas warriors. The fortification of Ojuelos was one of the seven ones built at the request of the Viceroy Martín Enriquez de Almanza in the important route Mexico-Zacatecas which later became the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro. The fortification in Ojuelos was the first being built and it is only one still in place. The decision to build the seven fortifications was made by Viceroy Enriquez de Almanza in response to deadly attacks made by Chichimecas commanded by their legendary leader Maxorro.

Oldest map of the North Central region of Mexico. 16th century. The original map is preserved in the National History Museum in Madrid, Spain

Overview of the Ojuelos Fortification

Ojuelos has a significant value in Colonial history in Mexico and North America, since its fortification is the only one which has survived to present day keeping its main structure as originally built in 1569. Currently, it houses the offices of the City Hall and a Library.

Fort of Ojuelos, built in 1569.

The Archive of the Ojuelos's Hacienda.

In 1874, Ojuelos was designated as Municipality by Ignacio L. Vallarta, Governor of the State of Jalisco, after a long border dispute with the state of Zacatecas.

In 2010, Ojuelos was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO as part of the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro 2010. Camino Real de Tierra Adentro was the Royal Inland Road, also known as the Silver Route. This UNESCO's World Heritage Site consists of a series of sites lying along a 1400 km section of this 2600 km route, that extends north from Mexico City to Texas and New Mexico, United States of America. The route was actively used as a trade route for 300 years, from the mid-16th to the 19th centuries, mainly for transporting silver extracted from the mines of Zacatecas, Guanajuato and San Luis Potosí, and mercury imported from Europe. Although it is a route that was motivated and consolidated by the mining industry, it also fostered the creation of social, cultural and religious links in particular between Spanish and Amerindian cultures. In the case of Ojuelos, the specific sites inscribed in the UNESCO Roster are the historic downtown of Ojuelos (Site 1351-018) including "El Fuerte", "El Parian" and other historic buildings, and the Bridge of Ojuelos "El Puente de Ojuelos" (Site 1351-019). ^[3]

Bridge built in 1569 as part of the "Camino de Tierra Adentro" route

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Tourism

Architecture

• Among other touristic attractions, Ojuelos also has a plaza, El Parián, which is surrounded by 102 Gothic arches. El Parián was designed at the end of the 19th century by priest Luis G. Maciel.

The Parian Plaza in Ojuelos, Mexico. 102 Gothic arches. Built in the 19th century

View of the Ojuelos Parish from the pond

Parián Plaza. Built at the end of the 19th century

• El Fuerte (Municipal Palace). Built in the 16th century.
• Hacienda de Ojuelos (typical hacienda house, which today is used as a training and meeting center for the parochial church).
• The Bridge of Ojuelos. Built in the 16th century

Churches

• Temple of San José.

Parks and reserves

• Cerro del Toro and the Mayal (Hill of the Bull and the Mayal).
• Cerro de Buenavista (Hill of Good View).

Handicrafts

• Manufacture of: wool serapes, pottery, and colonial furniture.

Treats

• Elaboration of eggnog (rompope) and prickly pear fruit sweet paste.

"Centre of Mexico"

• In the Plaza de Armas (Main Square) of Ojuelos (between the Municipal Presidency and the Parish Church of San José) there is a multicolored three-dimensional sign which reads, "OJUELOS" and below this word, in smaller white letters, the phrase "Corazón de México" (Heart of Mexico), and when searching in Google Maps the following: "Centro de México, Ojuelos", the website (or the Google Maps application) displays a satellite map with the legend: "Centro de México" and the image of a white silhouette-symbol of a photographic camera. By clicking or tapping on said camera, photographs of the main square of the town are opened, where there is a statue of a Christ with a crown of thorns, placed on a pedestal in the shape of a truncated quadrangular pyramid, and the aforementioned sign. Presumably this square 21°52′0.93″N101°35′26.16″W / 21.8669250°N 101.5906000°W / 21.8669250; -101.5906000 is the geographic centre of the United Mexican States, which is not true.

Hoaxes of this kind have been around for decades. The townsfolk of Tequisquiapan, Querétaro, boast of having the "geographic centre" of the country, 20°31′17.62″N99°53′38.2″W / 20.5215611°N 99.893944°W / 20.5215611; -99.893944 by agreement of 1916 of the first head of the Constitutionalist Army and in charge of the Federal Executive Power Venustiano Carranza. In May 1970, the municipal authorities of Tequisquiapan unveiled an allusive plaque. ^{[4] [5]}

The city of Aguascalientes once also claimed to be the centre, and the authorities of that municipality placed a plaque in the Main Square of that city ^[4] (no longer it is there).

For its part, the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía) indicates that the geographic centre of Mexico, when taking into account only the continental extremes, is located at the following coordinates: 23°37′43″N101°55′48″W / 23.62861°N 101.93000°W / 23.62861; -101.93000 , a point to the north-northwest of Nueva Pastoría, a town located in the Zacatecan municipality Villa de Cos.

But INEGI's calculation is based on averages of the means of the several longest straight lines that can be drawn between the extremes of the country.

Homero Adame Martínez, a researcher, traveler, and reporter of the magazine Mexico Desconocido (Unknown Mexico), calculated for the January 2000 issue of said publication, ^[4] that the geographic centre of Mexico is located south of the Zacatecan town called Cañitas de Felipe Pescador, seat of the municipality of the same name, near a fork in the railroad Mexico City-Ciudad Juárez (hence, the eastern branch leads to Saltillo, Coahuila): 23°34′56″N102°43′48″W / 23.58222°N 102.73000°W / 23.58222; -102.73000 .

Government

Municipal presidents

Term	Municipal president	Political party	Notes
1874 [6]	Domingo Macías Valadez
1875-1876	Pablo López
1877	Domingo Delgado
1878	Amado Ornelas
1879	Domingo Macías Valadez
1880-1882	Leonardo Quevedo
1883	Domingo Macías Valadez
1884	Felipe Alba
1885-1890	Domingo Macías Valadez
1891-1893	Santiago S. Cárdenas
1894-1895	Daniel V. Medina
1896-1897	J. Jesús Ruvalcaba
1898	Juan Aranda
1899	Domingo Macías López
1900	Joaquín Macías
1901-1902	Domingo Macías López
1903-1904	Salvador González
1908	Domingo Macías López
1909-1911	J. Jesús Ruvalcaba
1912	J. Refugio Delgadillo
1913	J. Jesús Ruvalcaba
1914-1916	Domingo Macías López
1917-1920	Ramón Díaz de León Medina
1921	Nicolás Mascorro López
1924-1926	J. Guadalupe Delgadillo
1927-1929	José Romo Martínez
1931-1934	Sebastián Arce Moreno	PNR
1935	Alfonso Macías	PNR
1936	Cipriano Romo Álvarez	PNR
1937	Francisco Hernández	PNR
1938-1939	J. Isabel Rodríguez Montoya	PRM
1940	Manuel Torres	PRM
1940	Juan Plascencia R.	PRM
1941-1942	J. Isabel Rodríguez Montoya	PRM
1943	Fortino Morales Olvera	PRM
1944	Francisco González Delgado	PRM
1945	J. Guadalupe Urzúa López	PRM
1946	Joaquín Quevedo Martín del Campo	PRI
1947-1948	Francisco González Delgado	PRI
1949	Francisco Delgado Alférez	PRI
1950	J. Jesús Quevedo Aranda	PRI
1951-1952	José González Ortiz	PRI
1953-1955	Francisco González Delgado	PRI
1956-1958	J. Jesús Medina Moreno	PRI
1959-1961	Antonio Macías Álvarez	PRI
1962-1964	Francisco González Delgado	PRI
1965-1967	Jesús Ibarra López	PRI
1968-1970	Juan Plascencia Robledo	PRI
1971-1973	J. Jesús Díaz de León González	PRI
1974-1976	J. Refugio Calzada Plascencia	PRI
1977-1979	Joaquín Ibarra Alcalá	PRI
1980-1982	Francisco González Hernández	PRI
1986-1988	Ángel Pérez Lozano	PRI
1989-1992	Tomás Gómez Sánchez	PRI
1992-1995	Rafael Marmolejo Amaya	PRI
1995-1997	Salvador Vela Briones	PRI
1998-2000	Marco Antonio Jasso Romo	PRD
2001-2003	Benjamín Plascencia Gómez	PRD
2004-2006	Juan César Contreras Macías	PRI
01/01/2007-31/12/2009	Rafael Dávila González	PRD PT
01/01/2010-30/09/2012	José Gil Macías	PAN
01/10/2012-30/09/2015	José de Jesús Tovar Gómez	PRI PVEM	Coalition "Compromise for Jalisco"
01/10/2015-31/03/2018 [7]	David González González	PRI PVEM	He applied for a temporary leave, to run for reelection, which he didn't get
31/03/2018-31/08/2018	Juan Carlos Jasso Romo	PAN PRD	Acting municipal president
01/09/2018-30/09/2018 [8]	David González González	PRI PVEM	Resumed
01/10/2018-04/03/2021 [9]	Marco Antonio Jasso Romo	PAN PRD MC	He applied for a temporary leave, to run for reelection, which he got
05/03/2021-07/06/2021	Julio César Escalante Marmolejo	PAN PRD MC	Acting municipal president
08/06/2021-30/09/2021	Marco Antonio Jasso Romo	PAN PRD MC	Resumed
01/10/2021-30/09/2024 [10]	Marco Antonio Jasso Romo	MC	He was reelected on 06/06/2021

References

1. "Bartleby".
2. "Instituto de Información Estadística y Geográfica. IIEG Jalisco. Ojuelos de Jalisco, Diagnóstico del Municipio (Institute of Statistical and Geographic Information. IIEG Jalisco. Ojuelos de Jalisco. Diagnosis of the Municipality)" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 July 2021.
3. "Camino Real de Tierra Adentro - World Heritage List". UNESCO . Retrieved 2010-08-05.
4. "The geographic center of Mexico". Geo-Mexico. 14 April 2010. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
5. Tony Burton (14 March 2008). "Did you know? Mexico has more than one geographic center". MexConnect. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
6. "Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México. Jalisco. Ojuelos de Jalisco" (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 July 2021.
7. "Proceso electoral 2015. Anexo V. Ojuelos de Jalisco" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Electoral y de Participación Ciudadana del Estado de Jalisco. IEPC Jalisco. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
8. "Regresará a su cargo el alcalde de Ojuelos" (in Spanish). Notisistema. 28 August 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
9. "Proceso electoral 2018. Anexo 4. Ojuelos de Jalisco. Integración del Ayuntamiento" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Electoral y de Participación Ciudadana del Estado de Jalisco. IEPC Jalisco. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
10. "Proceso electoral 2021. Anexo 5. Integración de Cabildo" (in Spanish). In the indicated web page of the IEPC Jalisco, please scroll down to where it reads: Proceso electoral concurrente 2020-2021, and click on "IntegraciónAyuntamientos"; once a new "pop-up window" opens with an Excel File titled "IntegraciónAyuntamientos", click "Save" or "Download", and then open the Excel File; now, at the bottom left of that "Excel workbook" or page, use the right arrowhead or the ellipsis by clicking many times, until you find the "Excel workbook" titled "OJUELOS DE JALISCO", and click to open. Retrieved 23 July 2021.

External links

• Government Tourism
• Municipality of Ojuelos
• Ojuelos city

Coordinates: 21°52′N101°35′W / 21.867°N 101.583°W / 21.867; -101.583