Parornix torquillella | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Family: | Gracillariidae |
Genus: | Parornix |
Species: | P. torquillella |
Binomial name | |
Parornix torquillella | |
Synonyms | |
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Parornix torquillella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae found in Europe. The larvae mine the leaves of Prunus species, such as blackthorn ( Prunus spinosa ). It was described by the German entomologist Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1850, from specimens found in Florence, Leghorn and Pisa.
The wingspan is 9–13 mm. [2] The head is pale ochreous mixed with fuscous. Palpi white. Forewings are rather dark fuscous, purplish-tinged, towards dorsum and costa more blackish numerous costal streaks, a spot in disc posteriorly, and two or three dorsal spots white; a black apical dot, strongly white edged anteriorly; cilia with three entire dark fuscous lines. Hind wings are grey. The larva is pale yellow -green; dorsal line dark green or reddish; head pale yellow; segment 2 with four black spots. [3]
The larvae feed on dwarf cherry ( Prunus cerasus ), plums ( Prunus domestica ), Damson ( Prunus insititia ), beach plum ( Prunus maritima ) and blackthorn ( Prunus spinosa ). They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine starts as a lower-surface epidermal gallery that widens into a blotch. In the end, it becomes a small, only weakly inflated tentiform mine. The lower epidermis is whitish, unfolded, and rather transparent. The leaf tissue is eaten up to the upper epidermis. The frass is deposited in a corner of the mine. In the end, the larva leaves the mine and lives freely under a leaf tip or margin that has been folded downwards, or in a leaf that is rolled into a pod. [4]
It is known from all of Europe, except Spain and parts of the Balkan Peninsula.
The genus Paronix comes from para, meaning alongside and ornix named after the genus Ornix Treitschke, 1833, which refers to ornis, a bird. The genus Ornix originally included a wide range of feathery-winged microlepidoptera in the Coleophoridae and the Gracillariidae. Ornix was an early synonym of the genus Coleophora as a number of moths were name after birds. The feathery-winged moths were later restricted to Paronix. The specific name torquillella comes from torquis – a collar, ″from the prothoracic plate of the larva, which consists of four transversely placed black spots. [5]
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Parornix anglicella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae found in Asia and Europe. It was described in 1850, by the English entomologist Henry Tibbats Stainton, from a specimen from Lewisham, Kent.
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Bucculatrix nigricomella is a species of moth of the family Bucculatricidae. It was first described in 1839 by Philipp Christoph Zeller. It is found in most of Europe.
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Parornix is a genus of moths in the family Gracillariidae. The genus was raised by the German entomologist Arnold Spuler in 1910.
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Phyllonorycter viminetorum is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found from Latvia to the Pyrenees and Italy and from Ireland to Ukraine.
The European oak leaf-miner or Zeller's midget is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in Europe south of the line running from Ireland, through Great Britain, Denmark to Ukraine. It is also found in Macaronesia. It is an introduced species in New Zealand and Australia.
Phyllonorycter nigrescentella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe except the Balkan Peninsula.
Phyllonorycter salictella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe, east to Russia and Japan.
Phyllonorycter spinicolella, also known as the sloe midget, is a moth of the family Gracillariidae, first described by the German entomologist Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1846. It is probably present in all of Europe.
Parornix betulae is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe, east to Korea. It was recently reported from Canada, with records from Québec, Ontario and British Columbia.
Parornix devoniella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe.
Parornix finitimella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in nearly all of Europe, except Ireland, the Iberian Peninsula and parts of the Balkan Peninsula.
Parornix loganella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found from Fennoscandia and northern Russia to the British Isles, Denmark and the Baltic States.
Parornix scoticella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe.
Bucculatrix ulmella is a moth of the family Bucculatricidae. It is found in most of Europe, except the Iberian Peninsula, Slovenia and Bulgaria. It was first described in 1848 by Philipp Christoph Zeller.
Bucculatrix bechsteinella is a moth of the family Bucculatricidae. It was described by Johann Matthäus Bechstein and Georg Ludwig Scharfenberg in 1805. It is found in most of Europe, except Greece and Bulgaria.