Penstemon cinicola

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Penstemon cinicola
Penstemon cinicola - Steve Matson 01.jpg
Flowering in Mono County, California
Status TNC G4.svg
Apparently Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae
Genus: Penstemon
Species:
P. cinicola
Binomial name
Penstemon cinicola
Synonyms [2]
List
    • Penstemon truncatus Pennell
    • Penstemon truncatus f. puberulus Pennell

Penstemon cinicola is a species of penstemon known by the common name ash penstemon. It is native to northeastern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in forests and plateau habitat.

Contents

Description

Penstemon cinicola is a herbaceous plant with ascending stems, ones that curve from their base to grow upwards, that usually are 10 to 40 centimeters (4 to 16 in) tall at maturity, but occasionally may be just 8 cm (3 in). The stems may be covered in backwards facing hairs or be smooth, but are not waxy. [3]

Generally all the leaves are cauline, attached to the stems rather than to the base of the plant. [4] When present the basal leaves vary in length from 1 to 6.5 centimeters (12 to 2+12 in), but are usually shorter than 4 cm (1+12 in), and just 1 to 6 millimeters wide. [3] They are linear, skinny with parallel sides like a grass blade, with smooth edges and folded along the length, and curved backwards towards the stems. [4]

The inflorescence produces tubular flowers with wide lipped mouths. [4] The inflorecnce is at the top of each stem and may be 1 to 14 centimeters (12 to 5+12 in) long. Usually it will be hairless, but may lightly hairy where the bracts and flowers attach to the main stem. It may just have one group of flowers, but more often has two to six groups with paired cymes. Each cyme will have one to seven flowers, though usually at least three. [3] The flowers are blue-purple in color and hairless other than the bottom inside the floral tube. [4] The lenth of the flower most often is 7–9 millimeters, but may occasionally be as long as 11 mm. The staminode is covered in yellow hairs, is 4–6 mm long and does not extend out of the flower opening. [3]

Taxonomy

The botanist David D. Keck published the first scientific description and named Penstemon cinicola in 1940. It has two heterotypic synonyms. [2]

Names

In English Penstemon cinicola is known by the common name ash penstemon. [5]

Range and habitat

The native range of Penstemon cinicola is in northern California and Oregon. [2] In Oregon it grows on the eastern side of the Cascades in Crook, Deschutes, Douglas, Klamath, and Lake counties. [3] In California it may be found in the Warner Mountains and Modoc Plateau in Modoc, Shasta, Lassen, Siskiyou, and Tehama counties. [4] [3] The area of its range is uncertain, 250-20,000 square kilometers. [1]

Its habitat is dry volcanic soils. It is associated with breaks and openings in Ponderosa pine forests and lodgepole pine forests. [5] They also are found in the sagebrush steppe. [4] The estimated number of populations within its range is 21 to 80. [1]

Conservation

Penstemon cinicola was evaluated by NatureServe in 1994 and rated as apparently secure (G4). At the state level they also rate it as apparently secure (S4) in Oregon, but vulnerable (S3) in California. It is impacted by the conversion of wild areas to settlements and by logging. [1]

See also

Related Research Articles

Allium punctum is a species of wild onion known by the common name dotted onion or Modoc onion. It is native to the western United States in and around the Modoc Plateau in northeastern California, northwestern Nevada, and southeastern Oregon. It is uncommon, growing in volcanic flatlands created by old lava flows.

<i>Penstemon anguineus</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon anguineus is a species of penstemon known by the common name Siskiyou penstemon. It is native to the mountains of southern Oregon and northern California, where it grows in coniferous forests, often in open areas left by logging operations.

<i>Penstemon azureus</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon azureus is a flowering plant species known by the common name azure penstemon. It is native to the mountains of Oregon and northern California. It grows in coniferous forests and woodlands in the Klamath Mountains, North California Coast Ranges, Southern Cascade Range, and Northern Sierra Nevada.

<i>Penstemon barnebyi</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon barnebyi is a species of penstemon known by the common names White River Valley beardtongue and Barneby's beardtongue. It is native to the mountain and basin territory of central western Nevada, where it grows in sagebrush and woodland; there is also one occurrence just over the California border.

<i>Penstemon bicolor</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon bicolor is a species of penstemon known by the common name pinto penstemon. It is native to the desert mountains and valleys of southern Nevada, eastern California, and western Arizona, where it grows in scrub, woodland, and other local habitat. It is a perennial herb which may exceed one meter in maximum height.

<i>Penstemon caesius</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon caesius, commonly known as the San Bernardino penstemon, is a low growing species of flowering plant. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the San Bernardino and San Gabriel Mountains, as well as the southern mountains of the Sierra Nevada. It is a member of the flora on rocky slopes and in coniferous forests and alpine habitat in the mountains.

<i>Penstemon californicus</i> Species of flowering plant

Penstemon californicus is a species of penstemon known by the common name California penstemon. It is native to Baja California and is also known from fewer than 20 occurrences in California, mainly in Orange and Riverside Counties. It grows in the forest and woodland habitat of the Peninsular Ranges and nearby slopes.

<i>Penstemon centranthifolius</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon centranthifolius is a species of penstemon known by the common name scarlet bugler. It is native to California and parts of Mexico, where it grows in many types of dry habitat from coast to desert, such as chaparral and oak woodland.

<i>Penstemon clevelandii</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon clevelandii is a species of penstemon known by the common name Cleveland penstemon. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat such as scrub, woodland, and chaparral.

<i>Penstemon deustus</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon deustus is a species of penstemon known by the common names hotrock penstemon and scabland penstemon. It is native to much of the northwestern United States from the Pacific Northwest to Wyoming, where it grows in many types of forest and open plateau habitat, often on soils heavy in volcanic rock or on limestone outcrops.

<i>Penstemon eatonii</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon eatonii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Penstemon, known by the common name firecracker penstemon. It is native to the Western United States from Southern California to the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of desert, woodland, forest, and open plateau habitat.

<i>Penstemon filiformis</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon filiformis is an uncommon species of Penstemon known by the common name threadleaf penstemon. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California, where it grows in forest and woodland, often on serpentine soils.

<i>Penstemon floridus</i> Plant species in the veronica family

Penstemon floridus is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Panamint penstemon and rose penstemon.

<i>Penstemon grandiflorus</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae

Penstemon grandiflorus, known by the common names shell-leaved penstemon, shell-leaf beardtongue, or large-flowered penstemon, is a tall and showy plant in the Penstemon genus from the plains of North America. Due to its large flowers it has found a place in gardens, particularly ones aimed at low water usage like xeriscape gardens.

<i>Penstemon davidsonii</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon davidsonii is a species of penstemon known by the common name Davidson's penstemon, honoring Dr. George Davidson. It is native to western North America.

<i>Penstemon comarrhenus</i> Plant species in the family

Penstemon comarrhenus is a perennial plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) found in the Colorado Plateau and Canyonlands region of the southwestern United States.

<i>Penstemon cyanocaulis</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon cyanocaulis, the bluestem penstemon or bluestem beardtongue, is a perennial plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) found in the Colorado Plateau and Canyonlands region of the southwestern United States.

<i>Penstemon arenicola</i> Plant species in the family

Penstemon arenicola, commonly known as Red Desert penstemon, is a species of plant from the Western United States. It primarily grows in Wyoming, but it also grows in small areas of Colorado and Utah. It is a short plant known for growing in sand as referenced by its scientific name.

<i>Penstemon breviculus</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon breviculus, the narrow-mouth penstemon or shortstem penstemon, is a species of perennial flowering plant from the dry forests and steppes of the Colorado Plateau in the western United States.

<i>Penstemon ophianthus</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon ophianthus, the coiled anther penstemon, is a species of small perennial plant in the plantain family. It has very noticeable dark violet lines on its flowers over a lighter blue-lavender color. The species grows in the plateaus and canyon lands of western Colorado and New Mexico, northern Arizona, and southern Utah.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 NatureServe (1 November 2024). "Penstemon cinicola". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 "Penstemon cinicola D.D.Keck". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Freeman, Craig C. (5 November 2020) [2019]. "Penstemon cinicola". Flora of North America . p. 198. ISBN   978-0190868512. OCLC   1101573420 . Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Wetherwax, Margriet; Holmgren, Noel H. "Penstemon cinicola". Jepson eFlora. University of California, Berkely. Archived from the original on 9 July 2024. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  5. 1 2 Cronquist, Arthur; Holmgren, Arthur H.; Holmgren, Noel H.; Reveal, James L.; Holmgren, Patricia K. (1984). Intermountain Flora : Vascular Plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. . Vol. 4. Subclass Asteridae (except Asteraceae) (First ed.). Bronx, New York: New York Botanical Garden. p. 394. ISBN   978-0-231-04120-1. OCLC   320442 . Retrieved 13 November 2024.