Penstemon clevelandii | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Plantaginaceae |
Genus: | Penstemon |
Species: | P. clevelandii |
Binomial name | |
Penstemon clevelandii | |
Varieties [2] | |
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Penstemon clevelandii is a species of penstemon known by the common name Cleveland penstemon. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat such as scrub, woodland, and chaparral.
Penstemon clevelandii is herbaceous plant with stems that either grow straight upwards from its base or outwards a short distance before curving to grow upwards reaching 30 to 70 centimeters when mature. It has a woody caudex that resembles rhizomes. [3]
The leaves are dark green to glaucescent, somewhat coated in wax giving a blue-green color. [4] Penstemon clevelandii has both cauline and basal leaves, ones attached to stems and leaves that grow directly from the base of the plant. The basal leaves and the lowest of the cauline are ovate, egg shaped, with smooth to coarsely toothed edges and a length from 15 to 90 millimeters with a width of 8 to 35 mm. The stems will have four to seven pairs of leaves. [3] The upper leaves are deltoid-lanceolate to cordate in shape. [4]
The inflorescence the upper portion of a stem, 10 to 65 centimeters long, and may be hairless or covered in glandular hairs. It will usually have six to twelve groups of flowers that all face one direction away from the stem, but may occasionally have as many as 22 flower groups. Each group of flowers will two cymes with two to eight flowers. [3] The flowers are tubular with expanded, lipped mouths. They may be pink, magenta, or red-purple and do not have nectar guides, but are covered in glandular hairs externally. [5] The inside of the flower could be hairless or have similar glandular hairs to the exterior. The flower length is 17–24 millimeters. The staminode is 6 to 11 mm long and does not reach the flower's opening. It is hairless or only weakly covered in yellow hairs. [3] Flowering may take place as early as February or as late as June. [6]
Penstemon clevelandii was scientifically described and named by Asa Gray in 1876. It has three recognized varieties. [2]
Its specific epithet, clevelandii, honors the 19th-century San Diego plant collector and lawyer Daniel Cleveland. [7] It is known by the common name Cleaveland penstemon. [8]
The range of Penstemon clevelandii is in southern California and the Mexican state of Baja California. [9] In California it is found in just Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, and San Diego counties. [3] Within them grows in the Peninsular Ranges, the San Jacinto Mountains, the Sonoran Desert, and some mountains in the Mojave. [5]
Plant grow on rocky or sandy slopes. They are associated with pinyon-juniper woodlands, scrub, or chaparral. [6]
Penstemon clevelandii was evaluated by NatureServe in 1996 and rated as secure (G5). It has not been evaluated at the state level. [1]
Penstemon barbatus, known by the common names golden-beard penstemon, and beardlip penstemon, is a flowering plant native to the western United States.
Nicotiana clevelandii is a species of wild tobacco known by the common name Cleveland's tobacco.
Penstemon anguineus is a species of penstemon known by the common name Siskiyou penstemon. It is native to the mountains of southern Oregon and northern California, where it grows in coniferous forests, often in open areas left by logging operations.
Penstemon azureus is a flowering plant species known by the common name azure penstemon.
Penstemon barnebyi is a species of penstemon known by the common names White River Valley beardtongue and Barneby's beardtongue. It is native to the mountain and basin territory of central western Nevada, where it grows in sagebrush and woodland; there is also one occurrence just over the California border.
Penstemon bicolor is a species of penstemon known by the common name pinto penstemon. It is native to the desert mountains and valleys of southern Nevada, eastern California, and western Arizona, where it grows in scrub, woodland, and other local habitat. It is a perennial herb which may exceed one meter in maximum height.
Penstemon caesius, commonly known as the San Bernardino penstemon, is a low growing species of flowering plant. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the San Bernardino and San Gabriel Mountains, as well as the southern mountains of the Sierra Nevada. It is a member of the flora on rocky slopes and in coniferous forests and alpine habitat in the mountains.
Penstemon calcareus is a species of penstemon known by the common name limestone penstemon. It is native to California, where it is known from the deserts of central San Bernardino County, as well as the Death Valley area, where its distribution extends just over the border into Nevada. It grows in scrub and woodland, often on limestone substrates.
Penstemon centranthifolius is a species of penstemon known by the common name scarlet bugler. It is native to California and parts of Mexico, where it grows in many types of dry habitat from coast to desert, such as chaparral and oak woodland.
Penstemon cinicola is a species of penstemon known by the common name ash penstemon. It is native to northeastern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in forests and plateau habitat.
Penstemon spectabilis is a species of penstemon known by the common name showy penstemon or showy beardtongue. It is a perennial herb native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the chaparral, scrub, and woodlands of the coastal mountain ranges.
Baccharis malibuensis is a rare California species of shrubs in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Malibu baccharis.
Penstemon canescens is a species of penstemon in the family Plantaginaceae. P. canescens is known by the common names gray beardtongue or Appalachian beardtongue. It is native to woodlands, forest edges, and roadsides of the southeastern United States and flowers May through July. It is a perennial herb producing stems reaching 80 centimeters in maximum height.
Penstemon angustifolius is a perennial semi-evergreen forb belonging to the plantain family. This species is 1 out of roughly 273 species of Penstemon. This species is also known as broadbeard beardtongue. This forb is native to central United States and can be noticed by its brightly and highly variable colored flowers.
Penstemon comarrhenus is a perennial plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) found in the Colorado Plateau and Canyonlands region of the southwestern United States.
Penstemon cobaea is a flowering plant in the plantain family, commonly known as Cobaea beardtongue, prairie penstemon or foxglove penstemon. The plant is native to the central United States, primarily the Great Plains from Nebraska to Texas, with additional populations in the Ozarks of Missouri and Arkansas. There are also populations reported in the southwestern United States as well as in Illinois and Ohio, but these appear to be introductions.
Penstemon brevisepalus, commonly known as short-sepaled beardtongue, is an herbaceous plant in the plantain family. It is a perennial that produces pale lavender flowers in late spring.
Penstemon calycosus, commonly called long-sepal beardtongue, is a species of plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae). It is native to eastern North America, where it native to the Upper South and Midwestern United States. It expanded its range into the northeast United States in the early 20th century. Its natural habitat is in open woodlands, prairies, and bluffs, often over limestone.
Penstemon australis is a perennial plant native to the southeastern United States, with the common name Eustis Lake penstemon.
Penstemon crandallii, also known as Crandall's penstemon, is a species of penstemon that grows in western Colorado and small parts of New Mexico and Utah. It is a low growing plant with blue to purple flowers.