Penstemon filiformis | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Plantaginaceae |
Genus: | Penstemon |
Species: | P. filiformis |
Binomial name | |
Penstemon filiformis (D.D.Keck) D.D.Keck | |
Synonyms | |
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Penstemon filiformis is an uncommon species of Penstemon known by the common name threadleaf penstemon. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California, where it grows in forest and woodland, often on serpentine soils.
Penstemon filiformis may be a subshrub, a plant that is partly woody, or herbaceous plant. [2] When a subshrub it has an open form and a very woody base. [3] Its stems may grow straight upwards or outwards before curving to grow upright, reaching a height between 16 and 50 centimeters (6.5 and 19.5 in). The texture of the stems ranges from puberulent to retrorsely hairy, having very thin, short, stiff hairs to backwards facing hairs, but are not waxy or glaucous. [2]
The leaves are very narrow, linear and rolled to threadlike, with a length of 2 to 7 centimeters. [3] The leaves low on the plant sometimes borne in clusters. [4] They may be covered in the same pointed hairs as the stems or may be hairless and on the stems there will be eight to twelve pairs. [2]
The inflorescence is 9 to 22 cm (3.5 to 8.5 in) of the upper portion of the stems. Each inflorescence will ahve one to five groups of flowers with each group having one or two cymes with one to three flowers. The flower petals are fused into funnel shape 13 to 18 cm long and are covered in glandular hairs externally, but hairless inside. [2] The fused flower petals are blue-purple with a blue limb, but the flower buds are yellowish. [3]
Penstemon filiformis was initially described as a subspecies named Penstemon laetus subsp. filiformis by David D. Keck in 1932. The botanist Howard Earnest McMinn published a description of it as a variety of the same species in 1939 in the Illustrated Manual of California Shrubs. Keck revised his own classification to a species with the present name in 1951. Penstemon filiformis has no varieties or other synonyms. [5] The type specimen was collected in the Sacramento River Canyon between Lamoine and Sims. [3]
In English it is known variously by related common names such as threadleaf penstemon, [6] thread-leaved penstemon, [3] threadleaf beardtongue, [7] or thread-leaved beardtongue. [4]
Threadleaf penstemon is endemic to the state of California where it grows in the Klamath Mountains. [4] The known populations grow in Lake, Shasta, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties. [2] It is found above 400 meters (1,300 ft) and below 600 m (2,000 ft). [2] The area of its range is between 1,000 and 5,000 square kilometers (400 and 1,900 sq mi). [1]
It grows on open rocky flats and gulches in the transition zone. [3] It is associated with Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi) in the lower montane forest. [2] It is strongly associated with serpentine soil, but does not always grow on them. [7]
The conservation organization NatureServe evaluated Penstemon filiformis in 2022 and rated it as apparently secure (G4). Though it has a very narrow range it is abundant in its habitat with about half of its population on United States Forest Service land. [1]
Penstemon albomarginatus is a rare species of penstemon known by the common name white-margined penstemon. It is native to the deserts of southern Nevada, western Arizona, and southern California.
Penstemon anguineus is a species of penstemon known by the common name Siskiyou penstemon. It is native to the mountains of southern Oregon and northern California, where it grows in coniferous forests, often in open areas left by logging operations.
Penstemon azureus is a flowering plant species known by the common name azure penstemon. It is native to the mountains of Oregon and northern California. It grows in coniferous forests and woodlands in the Klamath Mountains, North California Coast Ranges, Southern Cascade Range, and Northern Sierra Nevada.
Penstemon barnebyi is a species of penstemon known by the common names White River Valley beardtongue and Barneby's beardtongue. It is native to the mountain and basin territory of central western Nevada, where it grows in sagebrush and woodland; there is also one occurrence just over the California border.
Penstemon bicolor is a species of penstemon known by the common name pinto penstemon. It is native to the desert mountains and valleys of southern Nevada, eastern California, and western Arizona, where it grows in scrub, woodland, and other local habitat. It is a perennial herb which may exceed one meter in maximum height.
Penstemon caesius, commonly known as the San Bernardino penstemon, is a low growing species of flowering plant. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the San Bernardino and San Gabriel Mountains, as well as the southern mountains of the Sierra Nevada. It is a member of the flora on rocky slopes and in coniferous forests and alpine habitat in the mountains.
Penstemon cinicola is a species of penstemon known by the common name ash penstemon. It is native to northeastern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in forests and plateau habitat.
Penstemon clevelandii is a species of penstemon known by the common name Cleveland penstemon. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat such as scrub, woodland, and chaparral.
Penstemon deustus is a species of penstemon known by the common names hotrock penstemon and scabland penstemon. It is native to much of the northwestern United States from the Pacific Northwest to Wyoming, where it grows in many types of forest and open plateau habitat, often on soils heavy in volcanic rock or on limestone outcrops.
Penstemon eatonii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Penstemon, known by the common name firecracker penstemon. It is native to the Western United States from Southern California to the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of desert, woodland, forest, and open plateau habitat.
Penstemon papillatus is a species of penstemon known by the common name Inyo beardtongue.
Penstemon personatus is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name closethroat beardtongue.
Penstemon pseudospectabilis a species of penstemon. It's native to the southwestern United States, where it grows in desert and plateau habitat types, such as sandy washes, scrub, and woodland. The plant is generally a shrub growing to one meter, with many erect stems. The thin leaves are oval with wide, pointed tips and serrated edges. They are arranged oppositely in pairs, many are completely fused at the bases about the stem, forming a disc. The inflorescence bears tubular flowers with expanded, lobed mouths and glandular hairs on most surfaces, except the hairless staminode. The flower grows to 2.5 centimeters and is reddish pink.
Penstemon spectabilis is a species of penstemon known by the common name showy penstemon or showy beardtongue. It is a perennial herb native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the chaparral, scrub, and woodlands of the coastal mountain ranges.
Penstemon thompsoniae, Thompson's beardtongue, is a low perennial plant endemic to the southwestern United States, where it grows in dry shrublands, woodlands and forests. It is considered a species of conservation concern in California.
Penstemon tracyi is a rare species of penstemon known by the common names Trinity penstemon and Tracy's beardtongue.
Penstemon davidsonii is a species of penstemon known by the common name Davidson's penstemon, honoring Dr. George Davidson. It is native to western North America.
Penstemon comarrhenus is a perennial plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) found in the Colorado Plateau and Canyonlands region of the southwestern United States.
Penstemon cyanocaulis, the bluestem penstemon or bluestem beardtongue, is a perennial plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) found in the Colorado Plateau and Canyonlands region of the southwestern United States.
Penstemon brevisepalus, commonly known as short-sepaled beardtongue, is an herbaceous plant in the plantain family. It is a perennial that produces pale lavender flowers in late spring.