Petalostigma

Petalostigma
Petalostigma pubescens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Malpighiales
Family:	Picrodendraceae
Tribe:	Caletieae
Subtribe:	Petalostigmatinae
Genus:	Petalostigma F.Muell.
Type species
Petalostigma quadriloculare F.Muell. [1]
Synonyms [2]
HylococcusR.Br. ex T.Mitch.

Petalostigma is a genus of plants under the family Picrodendraceae and the monogeneric subtribe Petalostigmatinae, first defined by von Mueller in 1857. ^{[3] [4] [1]} It is native to New Guinea and Australia. ^{[2] [5]} They are evergreen, dioecious shrubs or trees. ^[6]

In local medicine, pregnancy is said to be avoided by eating the fruit of the quinine bush ( Petalostigma pubescens ), which does not actually contains quinine. Another example is Petalostigma triloculare which features exploding fruit.

Species

This is a list of species in the genus as published by the Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. ^[2]

• Petalostigma banksii – Northern Territory, Queensland
• Petalostigma pachyphyllum – Queensland
• Petalostigma pubescens – quinine berry, quinine bush, quinine tree – Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia
• Petalostigma quadriloculare – Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia
• Petalostigma triloculare – Queensland

See also

• Cinchona – another genus known for containing quinine
• Taxonomy of the Picrodendraceae

References

1. Tropicos, Petalostigma F. Muell.
2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
3. Mueller, Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von. 1857. Hooker's Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany 9: 16–17 in Latin
4. "Petalostigma F.Muell". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
5. Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
6. P.C. Van Welzen; Paul I Forster (1999). "The Malesian species of Choriceras, Fontainea, and Petalostigma (Euphorbiaceae)". Blumea Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Plant Geography. 44 (1): 99–107.