Phomopsis is a genus of ascomycete fungi in the family Diaporthaceae. It was previously in the Valsaceae family. [2]
Phomopsis is a genus of ascomycete fungi in the family Diaporthaceae. It was previously in the Valsaceae family. [2]
680 records are listed by Species Fungorum; [4]
See List of Phomopsis species (for full list of species).
Selected species list includes;
Formerly placed here:
One of the species of this genus, P. viticola , cause a grape disease called Phomopsis or dead-arm. Usually, infections begin during early growth stages in spring. This affects leaves, fruit, rachises, and shoots of a plant.
This disease causes the formation of lesions on shoots, leaves, and rachises, but also can cause fruit rot.
It causes significant economic damage to grape vines.
Another Phomopsis species, P. juniperovora , infects junipers, and is a particularly important pest of seedlings and juvenile plants in the nursery industry.
Phomopsis cane and leaf spot occurs wherever grapes are grown. Phomopsis cane and leaf spot is more severe in grape-growing regions characterized by a humid temperate climate through the growing season. Crop losses up to 30% have been reported to be caused by Phomopsis cane and leaf spot.
Fruit rot disease may refer to:
Diaporthe perniciosa a species of fungus in the family Diaporthaceae. It is a plant pathogen.
Diaporthe eres is a fungal plant pathogen, which is the type species of genus ''Diaporthe''. It causes canker disease in a wide variety of hosts. This species has a long history, having been described many times under various synonyms, for instance, the fungus was illustrated by James Sowerby in 1803 under the name Sphaeria ciliaris, attributed to Bulliard. The name D. eres has been proposed for conservation in order to avoid bothersome name changes due to priority.
Diaporthe helianthi is a fungal pathogen that causes Phomopsis stem canker of sunflowers. In sunflowers, Phomopsis helianthi is the causative agent behind stem canker. Its primary symptom is the production of large canker lesions on the stems of sunflower plants. These lesions can eventually lead to lodging and plant death. This disease has been shown to be particularly devastating in southern and eastern regions of Europe, although it can also be found in the United States and Australia. While cultural control practices are the primary method of controlling for Stem Canker, there have been a few resistant cultivars developed in regions of Europe where the disease is most severe.
Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, is a heterothallic oomycete that overwinters as oospores in leaf litter and soil. In the spring, oospores germinate to produce macrosporangia, which under wet condition release zoospores. Zoospores are splashed by rain into the canopy, where they swim to and infect through stomata. After 7–10 days, yellow lesions appear on foliage. During favorable weather the lesions sporulate and new secondary infections occur.
Naohidemyces vaccinii is a plant pathogen that affects members of the Vaccinium and Tsuga genera, causing leaf rust on lingonberries, blueberries, and cranberries, and early needle cast on hemlocks. Naohidemyces vaccinii is found on the Vaccinium genus in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe, Russia, China, Korea, and Japan, and on hemlock in AK, ID, WA in the United States, BC in Canada, and Japan.
Phomopsis obscurans is a common fungus found in strawberry plants, which causes the disease of leaf blight. Common symptoms caused by the pathogen begin as small circular reddish-purple spots and enlarge to form V-shaped lesions that follow the vasculature of the plant's leaves. Although the fungus infects leaves early in the growing season when the plants are beginning to develop, leaf blight symptoms are most apparent on older plants towards the end of the growing season. The disease can weaken strawberry plants through the destruction of foliage, which results in reduced yields. In years highly favorable for disease development, leaf blight can ultimately lead to the death of the strawberry plants. A favorable environment for the growth and development of the Phomopsis obscurans pathogen is that of high temperature, high inoculum density, a long period of exposure to moisture, and immature host tissue. In the case of disease management, a conjunction of cultural practices is the most effective way of reducing the infection.
Elsinoë ampelina is a plant pathogen, which is the causal agent of anthracnose on grape.
Exobasidium vaccinii, commonly known as “red leaf disease,” or “Azalea Gall,” is a biotrophic species of fungus that causes galls on ericaceous plant species, such as blueberry and azalea. Exobasidium vaccinii is considered the type species of the Exobasidium genus. As a member of the Ustilagomycota, it is a basidiomycete closely related to smut fungi. Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel first described the species in 1861 under the basionym Fusidium vaccinii, but in 1867 Mikhail Stepanovich Voronin later placed it in the genus Exobasidium. The type specimen is from Germany, and it is held in the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Exobasidium vaccinii, in current definition from John Axel Nannfeldt in 1981, is limited on the host Vaccinium vitis-idaea. This idea is used in most recent papers on E. vaccinii.
Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae is a plant pathogen infecting soybean and peanut.
Diaporthales is an order of sac fungi.
Diaporthaceae is a plant pathogen family.
Diaporthe toxica is a lupin endophyte and occasionally a plant pathogen. The fungus produces secondary metabolites that result in toxicosis of animals such as lupinosis of sheep when infected lupins are ingested by animals. The fungus produces mycotoxins called phomopsins, which cause liver damage. Lupinosis has been incorrectly attributed to Diaporthe woodii but has now been shown to be a mycotoxicosis caused by the recently discovered (1994) teleomorphic fungus Diaporthe toxica. The discovery and naming of this fungus concludes over a century of investigation into the cause of lupinosis since the first major outbreak in Germany in 1872. The infection process and life cycle in both resistant and susceptible lupins has been fully elucidated. This is the first record of resistance in a latent infection. Following this research rapid molecular breeding techniques have been developed leading to the production of many resistant lupin varieties. Lupinosis is no longer considered a disease of major importance to livestock producers in Western Australia. Lupins can now become part of the human diet.
P. viticola may refer to:
Phomopsis azadirachtae is a fungus, a species of the genus Phomopsis. It has been identified as the fungus responsible for dieback in Azadirachta indica (neem) in India. The species was first identified and described by Sateesh et al in 1997.
Phomopsisblight of juniper is a foliar disease discovered in 1917 caused by the fungal pathogen Phomopsis juniperovora. The fungus infects new growth of juniper trees or shrubs, i.e. the seedlings or young shoots of mature trees. Infection begins with the germination of asexual conidia, borne from pycnidia, on susceptible tissue, the mycelia gradually move inwards down the branch, and into the main stem. Management strategies mainly include removing and destroying diseased tissue and limiting the presence of moisture on plants. Junipers become resistant to infection as they mature and the young yellow shoots turn dark green. Preventive strategies include planting only resistant varieties and spraying new growth with fungicide until plants have matured.
Ampelomyia viticola, the grape tube gallmaker, is a species of gall midge found in the eastern United States and Canada. It produces green or bright red galls on new world grape vines.
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