Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (diphosphate)

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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (diphosphate)
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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pyrophosphate) homodimer, Actinomyces israelii
Identifiers
EC no. 4.1.1.38
CAS no. 2598306
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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (diphosphate) (EC 4.1.1.38) is an enzyme with systematic name diphosphate:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (transphosphorylating; phosphoenolpyruvate-forming). [1] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Contents

diphosphate + oxaloacetate phosphate + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2

This enzyme also catalyses the reaction:

phosphoenolpyruvate + GTP + CO2 pyruvate + GDP.

It is transcriptionally upregulated in the liver by glucagon.

See also

Related Research Articles

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The citric acid cycle —also known as the Krebs cycle, Szent-Györgyi-Krebs cycle or the TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle)—is a series of chemical reactions to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The Krebs cycle is used by organisms that respire (as opposed to organisms that ferment) to generate energy, either by anaerobic respiration or aerobic respiration. In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids, as well as the reducing agent NADH, that are used in numerous other reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest components of metabolism. Even though it is branded as a 'cycle', it is not necessary for metabolites to follow only one specific route; at least three alternative segments of the citric acid cycle have been recognized.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oxaloacetic acid</span> Organic compound

Oxaloacetic acid (also known as oxalacetic acid or OAA) is a crystalline organic compound with the chemical formula HO2CC(O)CH2CO2H. Oxaloacetic acid, in the form of its conjugate base oxaloacetate, is a metabolic intermediate in many processes that occur in animals. It takes part in gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, the glyoxylate cycle, amino acid synthesis, fatty acid synthesis and the citric acid cycle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phosphoenolpyruvic acid</span> Chemical compound

Phosphoenolpyruvate is the ester derived from the enol of pyruvate and phosphate. It exists as an anion. PEP is an important intermediate in biochemistry. It has the highest-energy phosphate bond found in organisms, and is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. In plants, it is also involved in the biosynthesis of various aromatic compounds, and in carbon fixation; in bacteria, it is also used as the source of energy for the phosphotransferase system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase</span> Class of enzymes

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (also known as PEP carboxylase, PEPCase, or PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31, PDB ID: 3ZGE) is an enzyme in the family of carboxy-lyases found in plants and some bacteria that catalyzes the addition of bicarbonate (HCO3−) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate and inorganic phosphate:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase</span> Enzyme

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is an enzyme in the lyase family used in the metabolic pathway of gluconeogenesis. It converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP)</span>

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) (EC 4.1.1.49, phosphopyruvate carboxylase (ATP), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, phosphopyruvate carboxykinase (adenosine triphosphate), PEP carboxylase, PEP carboxykinase, PEPCK (ATP), PEPK, PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvic carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvic carboxykinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (ATP), phosphopyruvate carboxykinase, ATP:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (transphosphorylating)) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (transphosphorylating; phosphoenolpyruvate-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)</span> Enzyme

Malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (EC 1.1.1.39) or NAD-malic enzyme (NAD-ME) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating)</span>

In enzymology, a malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (EC 1.1.1.38) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction below

Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP<sup>+</sup>) Enzyme

Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+) (EC 1.1.1.40) or NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction in the presence of a bivalent metal ion:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase</span>

Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase, or PPDK is an enzyme in the family of transferases that catalyzes the chemical reaction

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All-trans-decaprenyl-diphosphate synthase is an enzyme with systematic name (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate farnesyltranstransferase . This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Pseudaminic acid synthase (EC 2.5.1.97, PseI, NeuB3) is an enzyme with systematic name phosphoenolpyruvate:2,4-bis(acetylamino)-2,4,6-trideoxy-beta-L-altropyranose transferase (phosphate-hydrolysing, 2,7-acetylamino-transferring, 2-carboxy-2-oxoethyl-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

All-trans-phytoene synthase is an enzyme with systematic name geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:geranylgeranyl-diphosphate geranylgeranyltransferase . This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

ent-Pimara-9(11),15-diene synthase is an enzyme with systematic name ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase . This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Terpentetriene synthase is an enzyme with systematic name terpentedienyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (terpentetriene-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(+)-Germacrene D synthase is an enzyme with systematic name (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase ( -germacrene-D-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Halimadienyl-diphosphate synthase is an enzyme with systematic name halima-5,13-dien-15-yl-diphosphate lyase (decyclizing). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

3-Hydroxypropionyl-CoA synthase is an enzyme with systematic name hydroxypropionate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

References

  1. ↑ Lochmüller H, Wood HG, Davis JJ (December 1966). "Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxytransphosphorylase. II. Crystallization and properties". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 241 (23): 5678–91. PMID   4288896.
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