Planchonella eerwah

Last updated

Shiny-leaved condoo
Pouteria eerwah RBG Sydney.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Sapotaceae
Genus: Planchonella
Species:
P. eerwah
Binomial name
Planchonella eerwah
Synonyms [1]
  • Pouteria eerwah(F.M.Bailey) Baehni (1942)
  • Sersalisia eerwah(F.M.Bailey) Domin (1928)
  • Sideroxylon eerwahF.M.Bailey (1894)

Planchonella eerwah is a rare species of Australian rainforest tree in the family Sapotaceae. Common names include shiny-leaved condoo, black plum and wild apple. It is endemic to south eastern Queensland, with a restricted distribution and regarded as endangered. [2]

The tree was first described as Sideroxylon eerwah in 1894 by Frederick Manson Bailey, [3] before being moved to its current binomial name by Baehni in 1942. [4] The species name is derived from Mount Eerwah near Eumundi in Queensland. [5] A genetic analysis of material found that Planchonella eerwah was most closely related to Planchonella cotinifolia , and Planchonella australis was a sister to the two species – the three forming a distinct group. [6]

Planchonella eerwah grows as a tall shrub or small tree reaching 4 to 10 metres (13 to 33 ft) high with scaly bark on its trunk. [5] It has leathery leaves with prominent raised veins which measure 4–14 cm (1.5–5.5 in) in length. Flowers and fruit can be found in any season. [7] The flowers are a cream-green colour and hairy and are about 4 mm long. [5] The dark red-purple to black fruit are oval to globular, measuring 3–6 cm (1–2.5 in) long, with three to five seeds. [7]

It is restricted to three locations in southeastern Queensland. [7] It grows on rocky slopes in vine thickets and rainforest. [5] Dominant associated species in southern populations include hoop pine ( Araucaria cunninghamii ), Harpullia pendula , and members of the genus Flindersia , and in the northern Argyrodendron species, Atalaya multiflora , Choricarpia subargentea , Excoecaria dallachyana , and Flindersia australis . [7]

Threats include overrunning of habitat by weeds such as lantana ( Lantana camara ), and in the Sunshine Coast glycine ( Neonotonia wightii ), corky passionflower ( Passiflora suberosa ), and umbrella tree ( Heptapleurum actinophyllum ). Feral pigs eat the fruit and seeds. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sapotaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

The Sapotaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to the order Ericales. The family includes about 800 species of evergreen trees and shrubs in around 65 genera. Their distribution is pantropical.

<i>Flindersia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Flindersia is a genus of 17 species of small to large trees in the family Rutaceae. They have simple or pinnate leaves, flowers arranged in panicles at or near the ends of branchlets and fruit that is a woody capsule containing winged seeds. They grow naturally in Australia, the Moluccas, New Guinea and New Caledonia.

<i>Pouteria</i> Genus of trees

Pouteria is a genus of flowering trees in the gutta-percha family, Sapotaceae. The genus is widespread throughout the tropical Americas, with outlier species in Cameroon and Malesia. It includes the canistel, the mamey sapote, and the lucuma. Commonly, this genus is known as pouteria trees, or in some cases, eggfruits.

<i>Diploglottis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Diploglottis is a genus of 10 species of trees known to science, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae. They grow naturally in rainforests and margins of adjoining humid forests in eastern Australia and New Guinea. Some species are known as native tamarind or small-leaved tamarind; they have no direct relationship with the true tamarind.

<i>Sideroxylon</i> Genus of trees

Sideroxylon is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. They are collectively known as bully trees. The generic name is derived from the Greek words σιδηρος (sideros), meaning "iron", and ξύλον (xylon), meaning "wood."

The greater Brisbane area of Queensland Australia, has many species of indigenous flora. This article links the flora to its geography with:

<i>Flindersia brayleyana</i> Species of tree

Flindersia brayleyana, commonly known as Queensland maple, maple silkwood or red beech, is a species of tree in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to northern Queensland. It has pinnate leaves with between six and ten leaflets, panicles of white or cream-coloured flowers and smooth fruit that opens in five sections to release winged seeds.

<i>Planchonella australis</i> Species of tree

Planchonella australis, also known by the synonym Pouteria australis, is a medium to tall rainforest tree of the family Sapotaceae native to Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. It is known by the common name black apple, wild plum, yellow buttonwood, black plum and yellow bulletwood.

<i>Cuttsia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Cuttsia viburnea is a shrub or bushy tree which has toothed leaves and panicles of white flowers, and that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is sometimes called silver-leaved cuttsia, and confusingly also native elderberry, honey bush or native hydrangea. C. viburnea is the only species assigned to the genus Cuttsia.

<i>Flindersia australis</i> Species of tree

Flindersia australis, commonly known as crow's ash, flindosy or Australian teak, is a species of tree that is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It has pinnate leaves with between five and thirteen egg-shaped to elliptical leaflets, white to cream-coloured flowers arranged in panicles on the ends of branchlets and followed by woody capsules studded with short, rough points and containing winged seeds.

<i>Flindersia collina</i> Species of tree

Flindersia collina, commonly known as broad-leaved leopard tree, leopard ash, bastard crow's ash or leatherwood, is a species of tree in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It usually has pinnate leaves with between three and seven elliptical to spatula-shaped leaves, panicles of white flowers and fruit studded with rough points.

<i>Pleioluma queenslandica</i> Species of tree

Pleioluma queenslandica, the blush condoo, is a large rainforest tree of the family Sapotaceae native to eastern Australia. It is found in sea side rainforest as well as the drier inland rainforests. From as far south as the Richmond River, New South Wales to Coen in tropical Queensland, and as far west as Melville Island, Northern Territory.

Planchonella is a genus of flowering trees in the gutta-percha family, Sapotaceae. Named in honour of Jules Émile Planchon, it was described by Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre. It contains around 110 mainly tropical species, which range from Pakistan through Southeast Asia and New Guinea to northern and eastern Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands. The genus is included in the larger genus Pouteria by some authorities, hence species such as Planchonella australis are also known as Pouteria australis.

<i>Planchonella obovata</i> Species of tree

Planchonella obovata is a species of tree in the family Sapotaceae. The common name in Australia is the northern yellow boxwood. It occurs in many parts of south-east Asia, Micronesia, and on islands of the Indian Ocean, and has local common names there.

<i>Archidendron muellerianum</i> Species of legume

Archidendron muellerianum, the veiny lace flower or small-flower laceflower, is a rainforest tree with a restricted range in eastern Australia. It is a rare plant, with a ROTAP rating of 3RCa.

<i>Planchonella cotinifolia</i> Species of tree

Planchonella cotinifolia is an Australian tree in the family Sapotaceae. The common names include small-leaved plum, yellow lemon and small-leaved coondoo. It occurs in the drier rainforests from the Richmond River, New South Wales to the Wenlock River in tropical Queensland.

Planchonella myrsinoides is an Australian tree in the family Sapotaceae. The common names include yellow plumwood, axe-handle wood and blunt-leaved coondoo. It occurs in seaside rainforests and drier rainforests from the Forster, New South Wales to the Lakeland Downs in tropical Queensland.

<i>Exocarpos latifolius</i> Species of flowering plant

Exocarpos latifolius is a species of parasitic tree, in the plant family Santalaceae. They have the common names broad leaved ballart, scrub sandal-wood, scrub cherry, oringorin, broad leaved cherry or native cherry. The species is found in monsoon forest, littoral rainforest and occasionally in more open forest types in Malesia and across Northern Australia.

<i>Harpullia hillii</i> Species of flowering plant

Harpullia hillii, commonly known as blunt-leaved tulip or oblong-leaved tulip, is a tree in the family Sapindaceae, endemic to eastern Australia. It occurs in dry rainforest from the Burdekin River in Queensland southwards to Wauchope, New South Wales.

Canarium muelleri, commonly named scrub turpentine or mangobark, is a species of Australian rainforest trees in the plant family Burseraceae. They are endemic to northeastern Queensland, widespread in the rainforests of the Wet Tropics region, and further south to the Conway Range area, near Proserpine, Queensland.

References

  1. 1 2 Planchonella eerwah (F.M.Bailey) P.Royen Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  2. "Pouteria eerwah". Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
  3. "'Sideroxylon eerwah F.M.Bailey". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  4. "Pouteria eerwah (F.M.Bailey) Baehni". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Elliot, Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (1997). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation: Vol. 7. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. pp. 356–57. ISBN   0-85091-634-8.
  6. Teguh Triono; Anthony H. D. Brown; Judy G. West; Michael D. Crisp (2007). "A phylogeny of Pouteria (Sapotaceae) from Malesia and Australasia". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (2): 107–18. doi:10.1071/SB06011. hdl: 1885/28531 .
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 "Approved Conservation Advice for Pouteria eerwah (Shiny-leaved Condoo)" (PDF). 3 July 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2010.