Polydesmidae

Polydesmidae
Polydesmus collaris in central Italy
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Myriapoda
Class:	Diplopoda
Order:	Polydesmida
Family:	Polydesmidae Leach, 1815
Genera
See text

Polydesmidae is a family of millipedes in the order Polydesmida. ^[1] This family includes more than 240 species in more than 30 genera. These millipedes have a mostly Holarctic distribution that extends south not only to Mexico and North Africa but also as far as Java. ^[2] Most species are found in the Mediterranean region. ^{[3] [4]}

Description

These millipedes range from 4 mm to 30 mm in length. Colors range from pitch black through reddish or brownish to pallid and are rarely vivid. The collum is small, in the shape of a transverse oval, with a smooth anterior margin. The paranota are simple but usually well developed and dentate laterally. ^[2] This family includes the notable species Polydesmus progressus , which exhibits sexual dimorphism in segment number: Whereas adult females of this species feature the 20 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last) usually observed on the order Polydesmida, the adult males feature only 19 segments. ^{[5] [6]}

Genera

Male Nipponesmus shirinensis from Taiwan in ventral and lateral view

• Antrochodus
• Archipolydesmus
• Basicentrus
• Bhutanodesmus
• Bidentogon
• Bosniodesmus
• Bosporodesmus
• Brachydesmus
• Brembosoma
• Calianotus
• Chromobrachydesmus
• Cretodesmus
• Dixidesmus
• Epanerchodus
• Eumastigonodesmus
• Goniodesmus
• Haplobrachidesmus
• Haplocookia
• Heterocookia
• Himalodesmus
• Hispaniodesmus
• Huzichodus
• Jaxartes
• Kirgisdesmus
• Leptobrachydesmus
• Lophobrachydesmus
• Mastigonodesmus
• Mastuchus
• Merioceratium
• Niponchodus
• Nipponesmus
• Nomarchus
• Pacidesmus
• Peltogonopus
• Perapolydesmus
• Polydesmus
• Prionomatis
• Propolydesmus
• Pseudopolydesmus
• Retrorsia
• Riuerchodus
• Sardodesmus
• Schedoleiodesmus
• Schizobrachydesmus
• Schizomeritius
• Schizoturanius
• Scytonotus
• Serradium
• Spanobrachium
• Speodesmus
• Stylobrachydesmus
• Telopoditius
• Tolosanius
• Trachynotus
• Troglobrachydesmus
• Turanodesmus
• Uniramidesmus
• Usbekodesmus
• Utadesmus

References

1. "Polydesmidae". Catalogue of Life. 29 October 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
2. Enghoff, Henrik; Golovatch, Sergei; Short, Megan; Stoev, Pavel; Wesener, Thomas (2015). "Diplopoda — Taxonomic Overview". In Minelli, Alessandro (ed.). The Myriapoda. Vol. 2. Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. p. 402. ISBN   978-90-04-15612-8.
3. Nguyen, Anh D.; Vu, Tam T. T.; Eguchi, Katsuyuki (2024-01-30). "The millipede family Polydesmidae Leach, 1816 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) from Vietnam, with a description of a new cavernicolous species". ZooKeys (1190): 259–280 [259]. Bibcode:2024ZooK.1190..259N. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1190.114958 . ISSN   1313-2970. PMC   10848813 . PMID   38327265.
4. Anh, Nguyen Duc (2009-06-01). "A new species of the family Polydesmidae (Diplopoda: Polydesmida) from Vietnam". International Journal of Myriapodology. 2 (1): 63–68 [63]. doi:10.1163/187525409X462421.
5. Brölemann, H.W. (1900). "Myriapodes cavernicoles descriptions d'espèces nouvelles". Annales de la Société entomologique de France (in French). 69 (1): 73-81 [78-80] – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
6. Enghoff, Henrik; Dohle, Wolfgang; Blower, J. Gordon (1993). "Anamorphosis in Millipedes (Diplopoda) – The Present State of Knowledge with Some Developmental and Phylogenetic Considerations". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 109 (2): 103–234 [147]. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1993.tb00305.x.