Prosartes trachycarpa

Last updated

Roughfruit fairybells
SK-Fairybells.JPG
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Genus: Prosartes
Species:
P. trachycarpa
Binomial name
Prosartes trachycarpa
Synonyms [2]
  • Disporum canadense Shafer
  • Disporum majus (Hook.) Britton
  • Disporum trachycarpum (S.Watson) Benth. & Hook.f.
  • Lethea trachycarpa (S.Watson) Farw.
  • Uvularia lanuginosa var. major Hook.

Prosartes trachycarpa, the roughfruit fairybells, [3] rough-fruited fairybells or rough-fruited mandarin, is a North American species of plants in the lily family. [4] [5] The species is widespread, known from British Columbia to Ontario and south to Arizona and New Mexico. [5] [2] One isolated population was reported from Isle Royale in Lake Superior. [5]

Contents

Description

This herbaceous perennial is 30 centimeters (12 in) to 80 centimeters (31 in) in height. The stems are only sparingly branched and have a softly fuzzy texture when young and become smooth or nearly so with age. The leaves are alternate and are about 4 centimeters (1.6 in) to 12 centimeters (4.7 in) long. [5]

The flowers are delicate and hang down from the stem tips, each flower has four pedals. The berry is larger than a Saskatoon, pincherry or chokecherry, about the size of a grocery store cherry or small grape. The rough-fruited fairybell can be found in the same locale as other native fruits such as Saskatoons and chokecherries. [6] [7] [8] Berries begin yellow, then orange and when fully ripe are red, often with all three colors on the same raceme. [9] Typically 2—3 berries grow on each stem tip. The surface of the fruit feels fuzzy and velvety. [5] The berries are edible, but bland. [10]

The species is listed amongst plants found in the Prince Albert National Park and Riding Mountain National Park and are considered a common range plant of northern Saskatchewan. [11] [12]

Uses

The berries have historically been eaten by Blackfeet Native Americans. [13]

Saskatchewan rough fruited fairy bells Fairybells.JPG
Saskatchewan rough fruited fairy bells
Fairy bells RedFairybells.jpg
Fairy bells

Related Research Articles

<i>Amelanchier alnifolia</i> Species of tree

Amelanchier alnifolia, the saskatoon berry, Pacific serviceberry, western serviceberry, western shadbush, or western juneberry, is a shrub native to North America. It is a member of the rose family, and bears an edible berry-like fruit.

<i>Prunus virginiana</i> Species of plant

Prunus virginiana, commonly called bitter-berry, chokecherry, Virginia bird cherry, and western chokecherry, is a species of bird cherry native to North America.

<i>Glycyrrhiza lepidota</i> Species of flowering plant in the pea family

Glycyrrhiza lepidota is a species of Glycyrrhiza native to most of North America, from central Canada south through the United States to California, Texas and Virginia, but absent from the southeastern states. It is also sometimes known in the United States as "wild licorice", to distinguish it from the related European licorice which is occasionally cultivated.

<i>Rubus parviflorus</i> Berry and plant

Rubus parviflorus, the fruit of which is commonly called the thimbleberry or redcap, is a species of Rubus native to northern temperate regions of North America. The plant has large hairy leaves and no thorns. It bears edible red fruit similar in appearance to a raspberry, but shorter and almost hemispherical. It has not been commercially developed for the retail berry market, but is cultivated for landscapes.

<i>Disporum</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Colchicaceae, in monocot order Liliales

Disporum is a genus of about 20 species of perennial flowering plants, found in Asia from northern India to Japan, south to Indonesia and north into the Russian Far East.

<i>Rosa acicularis</i> Species of plant

Rosa acicularis is a flowering plant in the Rosaceae family. It is commonly known as the prickly wild rose, prickly rose, bristly rose, wild rose or Arctic rose. It is a species of wild rose with a Holarctic distribution in northern regions of Asia, Europe, and North America.

<i>Clintonia uniflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Clintonia uniflora, commonly known as bride's bonnet, queen's cup, or bead lily, is a species of flowering plant in the lily family Liliaceae. The specific epithet uniflora means "one-flowered", a characteristic that distinguishes this species from others in the genus Clintonia. For this reason, it is also known as the single-flowered clintonia.

<i>Antennaria racemosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria racemosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name racemose pussytoes. It is native to western North America from British Columbia and Alberta south as far as northern California and Wyoming. It grows in mountain forests, generally in moist, partially shaded areas, and often colonizes bare patches of mineral-rich soil, including disturbed areas.

<i>Antennaria umbrinella</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria umbrinella is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names umber pussytoes and brown pussytoes. It is native to southwestern Canada and the western United States as far south as Colorado, Coconino County in Arizona, and Tulare County in California). It grows in a variety of habitats at a variety of elevations, from lowland sagebrush steppe to subalpine meadows.

<i>Arnica mollis</i> Species of flowering plant

Arnica mollis, the soft arnica or hairy arnica, is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Canada and the United States. There may be a disjunct population of this species in Coös County, New Hampshire. The species grows in subalpine mountain habitat such as meadows and streambanks.

<i>Arnica sororia</i> Species of flowering plant

Arnica sororia is a North American species of flowering plant known by the common name twin arnica. It is native to Western Canada and the Western United States. It grows in grasslands and in conifer forests, as well as the sagebrush steppe.

<i>Garberia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Garberia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, containing the single species Garberia heterophylla. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is distributed in the northern and central counties. The plant is known commonly as garberia and Garber's scrub starts.

<i>Crepis occidentalis</i> Species of flowering plant

Crepis occidentalis is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names western hawksbeard, or largeflower hawksbeard. It is native to western Canada and the western United States.

<i>Prosartes hookeri</i> Species of flowering plant

Prosartes hookeri is a North American species of flowering plants in the lily family known by the common names drops of gold and Hooker's fairy bells.

<i>Dieteria canescens</i> Species of flowering plant

Dieteria canescens is an annual plant or short lived perennial plant in the family Asteraceae, known by the common names hoary tansyaster and hoary-aster.

<i>Ribes indecorum</i> Species of flowering plant

Ribes indecorum is a species of currant known by the common names white-flowered currant and white chaparral currant. It is native to the southern California Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, and Peninsular Ranges, from around Santa Barbara County in California south into northern Baja California.

<i>Rubus pubescens</i> Berry and plant

Rubus pubescens is a herbaceous perennial widespread across much of Canada and the northern United States, from Alaska to Newfoundland, south as far as Oregon, Colorado, and West Virginia.

<i>Tripterocalyx micranthus</i> Species of flowering plant

Tripterocalyx micranthus is a species of flowering plant in the four o'clock family known by the common names smallflower sandverbena and small-flowered sand-verbena.

<i>Papaver pygmaeum</i> Species of flowering plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae

Papaver pygmaeum is a species of poppy known by the common name alpine glacier poppy. It is native to North America, where it can be found in British Columbia, Alberta, and Montana. It has a narrow distribution around the intersection of the three borders. There are about 23 known occurrences, mostly in Montana, with some in Alberta and one in British Columbia. It is present in a number of locations within Glacier National Park.

<i>Tetraneuris acaulis</i> Species of flowering plant in the sunflower family

Tetraneuris acaulis is a North American species of flowering plants in the sunflower family. It is known by many common names in English including stemless four-nerve daisy, stemless hymenoxys, butte marigold, and stemless rubberweed.

References

  1. NatureServe (3 January 2025). "Prosartes trachycarpa". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 22 January 2025.
  2. 1 2 POWO (2023). "Prosartes trachycarpa S.Watson". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 22 January 2025.
  3. NRCS. "Prosartes trachycarpa". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  4. Utech, F. H., Z. K. Shinwari, and S. Kawano. 1995. Biosystematic studies in Disporum (Liliaceae-Asparagoideae-Polygonateae). VI. Recognition of the North American section Prosartes as an autonomous genus. Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Series Biology 16: 1–41.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Utech, Frederick H. (5 November 2020). "Prosartes trachycarpa - FNA". Flora of North America. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
  6. Vance, F.R.; Jowsey, J.R.; McLean, J.S. (1977), Wildflowers Across the Prairies, Saskatoon, SK: Western Producer Books, p. 141, ISBN   0-919306-74-8
  7. Vance, F R; J.R. Rowsey; J.S Maclean; F.A. Switzer (1999), Wildflowers across the prairies With a new section on Grasses, sedges and rushes, Vancouver, British Columbia: Western Producer Prairie Books, p. 25, ISBN   1-55054-703-8
  8. Wilkinson, Kathleen (1999), Wildflowers of Alberta A Guide to Common Wildflowers and Other Herbaceous Plants, Edmonton Alberta: Lone Pine Publishing and University of Alberta, p. 19, ISBN   0-88864-298-9
  9. Barr, Claude A. (1983). Jewels of the plains : wild flowers of the Great Plains grasslands and hills. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. p. 67. ISBN   0-8166-1127-0.
  10. Stark, Eileen (30 July 2018). "Pacific Northwest Native Plant Profile: Fairy bells (Prosartes spp.)". Real Gardens Grow Natives. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  11. Innvista, Prince Albert National Park, archived from the original on 2008-07-06, retrieved 2008-08-03
  12. common range plants of northern Saskatchewan (PDF), retrieved 2008-08-03
  13. Reiner, Ralph E. (1969). Introducing the Flowering Beauty of Glacier National Park and the Majestic High Rockies. Glacier Park, Inc. p. 118.