Proteomyxidea | |
---|---|
Vampyrella lateritia (Aconchulinida: Vampyrellidae) | |
Scientific classification | |
Clade: | SAR |
Phylum: | Cercozoa |
Subphylum: | Endomyxa |
Class: | Proteomyxidea Lankester, 1885 |
Orders | |
Proteomyxidea is a class of Cercozoa. Although it is known to be paraphyletic, further research is needed before its classification can be improved. [1]
The family Vampyrellidae is a subgroup of the order Aconchulinida within the phylum Cercozoa. Based on molecular sequence data, the family currently comprises the genus Vampyrella, and maybe several other vampyrellid amoebae. The cells are naked and characterised by radiating, filose Pseudopodia and an orange colouration of the main cell body.
The Heliomonadida are a small group of heliozoan amoeboids that are unusual in possessing flagella throughout their life cycle.
The Cercozoa are a group of single-celled eukaryotes. They lack shared morphological characteristics at the microscopic level, being defined by molecular phylogenies of rRNA and actin or polyubiquitin. They are the natural predators of many species of microbacteria and Archea.
The Rhizaria are a species-rich supergroup of mostly unicellular eukaryotes. Except from the Chlorarachniophyte and three species in the genus Paulinella in the phylum Cercozoa, they are all non-photosynthethic, but many foraminifera and radiolaria have a symbiotic relationship with unicellular algae. A multicellular form, Guttulinopsis vulgaris, a cellular slime mold, has also been described. This supergroup was proposed by Cavalier-Smith in 2002. Being described mainly from rDNA sequences, they vary considerably in form, having no clear morphological distinctive characters (synapomorphies), but for the most part they are amoeboids with filose, reticulose, or microtubule-supported pseudopods. Many produce shells or skeletons, which may be quite complex in structure, and these make up the vast majority of protozoan fossils. Nearly all have mitochondria with tubular cristae.
The Phytomyxea are a class of parasites of plants. They are divided into the orders Plasmodiophorida and Phagomyxida. A more common name for them is the plasmodiophorids, but this does not always include Phagomyxa.
The tectofilosids are a group of filose amoebae with shells. These are composed of organic materials and sometimes collected debris, in contrast to the euglyphids, which produce shells from siliceous scales. The shell usually has a single opening, but in Amphitrema and a few other genera it has two on opposite ends. The cell itself occupies most of the shell. They are most often found on marsh plants such as Sphagnum.
Gymnophryidae is a small family of amoeboids that lack shells and produce thin, reticulose pseudopods. These contain microtubules and have a granular appearance, owing to the presence of extrusomes, but are distinct from the pseudopods of Foraminifera. They are included among the Cercozoa, but differ from other cercozoans in having mitochondria with flat cristae, rather than tubular cristae.
Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic family, the Filoretidae.
Gromiidea is a class of cercozoans.
Monadofilosa is a grouping of Cercozoa. These organisms are single-celled amoeboid protists.
Retaria is a clade within the supergroup Rhizaria containing the Foraminifera and the Radiolaria. In 2019, the Retaria were recognized as a basal Rhizaria group, as sister of the Cercozoa.
Endomyxa is a subphylum of Rhizaria.
Cryomonadida is a group of heterotrophic Rhizaria, that belong to the Cercozoa.
Thecofilosea is a class of Cercozoa.
Spongomonadea is a grouping of cercozoans. It was originally placed among the Reticulofilosa, but was later transferred to Monadofilosa. It includes genera such as Spongomonas and Rhipidodendron.
Arachnula is a genus of amoeboid eukaryotes first described by Leon Cienkowski in 1876.
Heliomorpha is a genus of Cercozoa, placed in its own family, Heliomorphidae. It used to be known as "Dimorpha", but that name was a junior synonym several times over.
Borkovia is a genus of Cercozoa.
Granofilosea is a class of cercozoans in the subphylum Filosa.
Acinetactis is a possible genus of protist first described in 1886 by A.C. Stokes, who also described the type species A. mirabilis. In 1928, Valkanov reported the discovery of a second species, A. arnaudovii. The most recently recorded specimen of A. mirabilis was reported in 1940, no Acinetactis specimens have been reported since.
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