Pseudopestalotiopsis

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Pseudopestalotiopsis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Sordariomycetes
Order: Amphisphaeriales
Family: Sporocadaceae
Species: Pseudopestalotiopsis
Maharachchikumbura et al. (2014) [1]
Binomial name
Pseudopestalotiopsis
Maharachchikumbura et al. (2014) [1]
Type species
Pseudopestalotiopsis theae
(Sawada) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous

Pseudopestalotiopsis is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae. [2]

Contents

The genus was published by Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous in Studies in Mycology vol. 79 on page 135 in 2014. [1] The type species is Pseudopestalotiopsis theae(Sawada) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous. [3]

It was named after its morphological similarity to Pestalotiopsis . [1]

Pseudopestalotiopsis species are widely distributed as saprobes or pathogens, mainly occurring on leaves (Maharachchikumbura et al. 2014b, 2016a). [1] [4] They have conidia with concolorous (or uniform in colour), brown to dark brown or olivaceous (olive-green colour) median pigmented cells (Maharachchikumbura et al. 2014b). [3] They also have knobbed apical appendages. [5]

It was originally placed in family Pestalotiopsidaceae before that was absorbed into the family Sporocadaceae. Jaklitsch et al. (2016), [6] synonymised Bartaliniaceae, Discosiaceae, Pestalotiopsidaceae and Robillardaceae, and then revived the older family name of Sporocadaceae to accommodate them (Crous et al. 2015). [7] Pestalotiopsidaceae is still sometimes used. [8] [9] [10]

Some Pseudopestalotiopsis fungal species are well known for their capability to produce medicinal compounds that could have medicinal, agricultural and industrial applications. [5]

DNA research in 2020 into 172 specimens (collected worldwide) of various species of Pestalotiopsis and related genera, including Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis eventually revealed that Yunnan or Jiangxi (in China) was a possible centre of origin for the genus, and that genera Pseudopestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis could have originally derived from genera Pestalotiopsis. [11]

Molecular diagnosis is increasingly being used to identify rare species of pathogenic fungi. [5]

Despite being a common pathogen in plants, fungal infections in humans and animals is extremely rare. There had previously been no reports of Pseudopestalotiopsis infections in humans. A single report of Pestalotiopsis clavispora keratitis was reported from Japan in a gardener after sweeping up leaves and twigs. [12] Then in 2019 in a rural part of India, a 55 year old woman was treated in hospital for Pseudopestalotiopsis keratitis (a fungal infection within the cornea of the eye) causing pain, redness, and decreased vision in the right eye. It was discovered using DNA sequencing to be Pseudopestalotiopsis theae. Scarring on the cornea meant the patient never regained full sight but recovered enough to leave hospital. [13]

Hosts

Pestalotiopsis and related genera, including Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis have damaged many plants for many decades. [14]

In 2018, in Taiwan, during a fungal study it was found that species Pseudopestalotiopsis ixorae and Pseudopestalotiopsis taiwanensis caused leaf spots on species of Ixora , which is one of the largest genera in the family Rubiaceae and a popular garden plant in Taiwan. [5]

In 2021, it was found that fungal pathogens, Pseudopestalotiopsis gilvanii sp. nov. and Neopestalotiopsis formicarum both cause spots on the leaves of the guarana plant ( cupana var. sorbilis ) in the Amazon forest of Brazil. Pseudopestalotiopsis gilvanii was also pathogenic to açaí palms ( Euterpe oleracea and Euterpe precatoria ), and the oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ), but not to banana ( Musa paradisiaca var. pacovan ) and rubber trees ( Hevea brasiliensis ). [15]

Two coelomycetous fungal strains with appendage-bearing conidia were collected from diseased leaves of Celtis sinensis (Urticales, Ulmaceae family) and also Indocalamus tessellatus (Poales, Poaceae family) in Yunnan and Hainan provinces of southern China. Both fungal strains produced 4-septate conidia with concolorous median cells, which were similar to Pestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis. But later morphological comparison and DNA testing revealed that they were new to science and then labelled as Pseudopestalotiopsis celtidis and Pseudopestalotiopsis indocalami. [16]

On Camellia sinensis (the tea tree), species from three genera (Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis, Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Pestalotiopsis camelliae ) have been associated with gray blight symptoms (Chen et al. 2018). [17] Species Pseudopestalotiopsis theae(Sawada) Maharachch., K.D. Hyde & Crous is also known to cause Gray Tea Blight on tea tree plants. [11] It damages production and alters the quality of the tea produced. It mainly infects mature and old plant foliage and can also infect young shoots. Under conditions of high temperature and high humidity it can lead to defoliation of the plants. It was first found in 1973 in Kagoshima, Japan and was originally called 'zonate leaf spot' (Takaya 1978). [18] and published as Pestalotiopsis theae. When the genus Pseudopestalotiopsis was created in 2014, it was transferred to the genus as well. Pseudopestalotiopsis theae is also found in India and China, while a similar blight causing fungus Pestalotiopsis longiseta (within the same family) is only found in Japan. [19] In Taiwan, species Pseudopestalotiopsis annellata, Pseudopestalotiopsis chinensis, Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis, Pestalotiopsis camelliae, Pestalotiopsis yanglingensis and Pestalotiopsis trachicarpicola have been found causing Gray blight disease on Camellia sinensis plants. [20]

Distribution

It has a scattered distribution, [3] found in Central America, South America (including Brazil, [15] ), Europe (including Turkey and France, [11] ) Africa, Asia, (including Thailand, [14] India, Myanmar, [21] Taiwan, [5] [20] and China, [19] ) Australia and New Zealand. [22]

Species

The genus Pseudopestalotiopsis comprised only seven species in 2017: Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae, Pseudopestalotiopsis cocos, Pseudopestalotiopsis ignota, Pseudopestalotiopsis indica, Pseudopestalotiopsis kubahensis, Pseudopestalotiopsis simitheae, and Pseudopestalotiopsis theae. Pseudopestalotiopsis kubahensis had been found in 2015 in Malaysia. [23] While surveying Pseudopestalotiopsis fungi in Vietnam during 2013 and then in Myanmar during 2015, 2 new species were found and published. They were then named as Pseudopestalotiopsis myanmarina and Pseudopestalotiopsis vietnamensis. [24] Species Pseudopestalotiopsis dawaina and Pseudopestalotiopsis kawthaungina were found in 2018 in Myanmar within a tropical forest. [21]

Up to 2022, 15 taxa of Pseudopestalotiopsis were known. [3] But more have been added since. Below is species list as accepted by Species Fungorum; [25]

Related Research Articles

<i>Stachybotrys</i> Genus of fungi

Stachybotrys is a genus of molds, hyphomycetes or asexually reproducing, filamentous fungi, now placed in the family Stachybotryaceae. The genus was erected by August Carl Joseph Corda in 1837. Historically, it was considered closely related to the genus Memnoniella, because the spores are produced in slimy heads rather than in dry chains. Recently, the synonymy of the two genera is generally accepted. Most Stachybotrys species inhabit materials rich in cellulose. The genus has a widespread distribution and contained about 50 species in 2008. There are 88 records of Stachybotrys on Species Fungorum, of which 33 species have DNA sequence data in GenBank. Species in the genus are commonly found in soil, plant litter and air and a few species have been found from damp paper, cotton, linen, cellulose-based building materials water-damaged indoor buildings, and air ducts from both aquatic and terrestrial habitats.

Pseudopestalotiopsis theae is a plant pathogen affecting tea.

The fungal genus Truncatella in the family Sporocadaceae, and in the Amphisphaeriales order, includes plant pathogens such as Truncatella laurocerasi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pleosporales</span> Order of fungi

The Pleosporales is the largest order in the fungal class Dothideomycetes. By a 2008 estimate, it contained 23 families, 332 genera and more than 4700 species. The majority of species are saprobes on decaying plant material in fresh water, marine, or terrestrial environments, but several species are also associated with living plants as parasites, epiphytes or endophytes. The best studied species cause plant diseases on important agricultural crops e.g. Cochliobolus heterostrophus, causing southern corn leaf blight on maize, Phaeosphaeria nodorum causing glume blotch on wheat and Leptosphaeria maculans causing a stem canker on cabbage crops (Brassica). Some species of Pleosporales occur on animal dung, and a small number occur as lichens and rock-inhabiting fungi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pleosporaceae</span> Family of fungi

Pleosporaceae is a family of sac fungi. They are pathogenic to humans or saprobic on woody and dead herbaceous stems or leaves.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bionectriaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Bionectriaceae are a family of fungi in the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate places 35 genera and 281 species in the family. Species in the family tend to grow on plant material, including woody debris, while some species associate with algae, bryophytes, or other fungi.

<i>Pestalotiopsis</i> Genus of fungi

Pestalotiopsis is a genus of ascomycete fungi in the Sporocadaceae family.

<i>Monochaetia</i> Genus of fungi

Monochaetia is a genus of fungi in the family Sporocadaceae. Species in the genus are typically plant parasites and saprobes, and cause leaf spot diseases on various hosts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glomerellales</span> Order of fungi

Glomerellales is an order of ascomycetous fungi within the subclass Hypocreomycetidae (Sordariomycetes). The order includes saprobes, endophytes and pathogens on plants, animals and other fungi with representatives found all over the world in varying habitats.

The Pyriculariaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi in the order Magnaporthales. It was introduced by S. Klaubauf, M.H. Lebrun & P.W. Crous in 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diaporthomycetidae</span> Subclass of fungi

Diaporthomycetidae is a subclass of sac fungi under the class Sordariomycetes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amphisphaeriales</span> Order of fungi

The Amphisphaeriales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes and subclass Xylariomycetidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sporocadaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Sporocadaceae are a family of fungi, that was formerly in the order Xylariales. It was placed in the Amphisphaeriales order in 2020.

<i>Sporocadus</i> Genus of fungi

Sporocadus is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae.

<i>Discosia</i> Genus of fungi

Discosia is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae.

Heterotruncatella is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae.

<i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> Genus of fungi

Neopestalotiopsis is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae.

Sarcostroma is a genus of fungi in the family Sporocadaceae. Most species of this genus are saprobes, endophytes or pathogens on leaves.

Pleurotheciaceae is a family of ascomycetous fungi within the monotypic order of Pleurotheciales in the subclass Savoryellomycetidae and within the class Sordariomycetes.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Xu, J.; Crous, P.W. (2014). "Pestalotiopsis revisited". Studies in Mycology. 79: 121‑186. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.005. PMC   4255583 . PMID   25492988. S2CID   25191126.
  2. ↑ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 .
  3. 1 2 3 4 Chethana, Thilini (14 November 2022). "Pseudopestalotiopsis - Facesoffungi number: FoF 01579". Faces Of Fungi. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  4. ↑ Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Jones, E. B. Gareth; McKenzie, E. H. C.; Bhat, Jayarama D.; Dayarathne, Monika C.; Huang, Shi-Ke; Norphanphoun, Chada; Senanayake, Indunil C. (2016-06-03). "Families of Sordariomycetes". Fungal Diversity. 79 (1): 1–317. doi:10.1007/s13225-016-0369-6. ISSN   1560-2745. S2CID   256070646.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tsai, Ichen; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Ariyawansa, Hiran A. (May 2018). "Molecular phylogeny, morphology and pathogenicity of Pseudopestalotiopsis species on Ixora in Taiwan". Mycological Progress. 17 (8): 941–952. doi:10.1007/s11557-018-1404-7. S2CID   255313328.
  6. ↑ Jaklitsch, W.M.; Gardiennet, A.; Voglmayr, H. (2016). "Resolution of morphology-based taxonomic delusions: Acrocordiella, Basiseptospora, Blogiascospora, Clypeosphaeria, Hymenopleella, Lepteutypa, Pseudapiospora, Requienella, Seiridium and Strickeria". Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi. 37: 82‑105. doi:10.3767/003158516X690475. PMC   5238940 . PMID   28100927. S2CID   22028314.
  7. ↑ Crous, Pedro W.; Carris, Lori M.; Giraldo, Alejandra; Groenewald, Johannes Z.; Hawksworth, David L.; Hemández-Restrepo, Margarita; Jaklitsch, Walter M.; Lebrun, Marc-Henri; Schumacher, René K.; Stielow, J. Benjamin; Linde, Elna J. van der; Vilcāne, Jūlija; Voglmayr, Hermann; Wood, Alan R. (2015). "The Genera of Fungi - fixing the application of the type species of generic names - G 2: Allantophomopsis, Latorua, Macrodiplodiopsis, Macrohilum, Milospium, Protostegia, Pyricularia, Robillarda, Rotula, Septoriella, Torula, and Wojnowicia". IMA Fungus. 6 (1): 163–198. doi:10.5598/imafungus.2015.06.01.11. PMC   4500082 . PMID   26203422.
  8. ↑ Prasannath, Kandeeparoopan; Shivas, Roger G.; Galea, Victor J.; Akinsanmi, Olufemi A. (17 September 2021). "Neopestalotiopsis Species Associated with Flower Diseases of Macadamia integrifolia in Australia". J Fungi (Basel). 7 (9): 771. doi: 10.3390/jof7090771 . PMC   8471233 . PMID   34575809.
  9. ↑ Ran, S.F.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Ren, Y.L.; Liu, H.; Chen, K.R.; Wang, Y.X.; Wang, Y. (2017). "Two new records in Pestalotiopsidaceae associated with Orchidaceae disease in Guangxi Province, China". Mycosphere. 8: 121‑130. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/8/1/11.
  10. ↑ Dubey, Rashmi (December 2022). "Neopestalotiopsis eucalypticola (Pestalotiopsidaceae, Ascomycota): A new record to Indian mycoflora". Journal of Mycopathological Research. 60 (4): 599–602. doi:10.57023/JMycR.60.4.2022.599. S2CID   254348355.
  11. 1 2 3 Chen, Lijiao; Li, Hongye; Jiao, Wengweng; Tao, Mei; Lv, Caiyou; Zhao, Ming; Wang, Miao (April 2021). "Genetic variation and demographic history analysis of Pestalotiopsis, Pseudopestalotiopsis, and Neopestalotiopsis fungi associated with tea (Camellia sinensis) inferred from the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA". Plant Pathology. 70 (3): 699–711. doi:10.1111/ppa.13315. S2CID   228905469.
  12. ↑ Monden, Y.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamakawa, R.; Sunada, A.; Asari, S.; Makimura, K. (2013). "First case of fungal keratitis caused by Pestalotiopsis clavispora". Clin. Ophthalmol. 7: 2261–4. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S48732 . PMC   3848927 . PMID   24348013.
  13. ↑ Sane, Sayali; Sharma, Savitri; Konduri, Ranjith; Fernandes, Merle (January 2019). "Emerging corneal pathogens First report of Pseudopestalotiopsis theae keratitis". Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 67 (1): 150–152. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_791_18 . PMC   6324099 . PMID   30574929.
  14. 1 2 Darapanit, Angwara; Boonyuen, Nattawut; Leesutthiphonchai, Wiphawee; Nuankaew, Salilaporn; Piasai, Onuma (2021). "Identification, pathogenicity and effects of plant extracts on Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis causing fruit diseases". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 22606. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1122606D. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02113-5. PMC   8604934 . PMID   34799650.
  15. 1 2 3 Gualberto, Gilvana F.; Catarino, Aricléia; Fernandes, Thiago; Chagas da Cruz, Jeferson; Hanada, Rogério Eiji; Caniato, Fernanda; Silva, Gilvan F. (March 2021). "Pseudopestalotiopsis gilvanii sp. nov. And Neopestalotiopsis formicarum leaves spot pathogens from guarana plant: a new threat to global tropical hosts". Phytotaxa. 489 (2): 121–139. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.489.2.2. S2CID   233826941.
  16. ↑ Yang, Qi; He, Yu-Ke; Yuan, Jun; Wang, Yong (April 2022). "Two new Pseudopestalotiopsis species isolated from Celtis sinensis and Indocalamus tessellatus plants in southern China". Phytotaxa. 543 (5): 274–282. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.543.5.2. S2CID   248354281.
  17. ↑ Chen, Y.; Zeng, L.; Shu, N.; Jiang, M.; Wang, H.; Huang, Y.; Tong, H. (2018). "Pestalotiopsis-like species causing gray blight disease on Camellia sinensis in China". Plant Disease. 102 (1): 98–106. doi:10.1094/PDIS-05-17-0642-RE. PMID   30673469.
  18. ↑ Takaya, S. 1978. New diseases of tea plant. JARQ 12:138-140
  19. 1 2 Zheng, Shiqin; Chen, Ruiqi; Wang, Zhe; Liu, Juan; Cai, Yan; Peng, Minghui; Zhang, Tian; Li, Yunxi; Wang, Baohua; Bao, Jiandong; Zhang, Dongmei; Wang, Zonghua; Hu, Hongli (2021). "High-Quality Genome Assembly of Pathogenic Pseudopestalotiopsis theae, the Pathogenic Fungus Causing Tea Gray Blight". Plant Disease. 105 (11): 3723–3726. doi:10.1094/PDIS-02-21-0318-A. PMID   33978433. S2CID   234472685.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Tsai, Ichen; Chung, Chia-Lin; Lin, Shiou-Ruei; Hung, Ting-Hsuan; Shen, Tang-Long; Hu, Chih-Yi; Hozzein, Wael N.; Ariyawansa, Hiran A. (February 2021). "Cryptic Diversity, Molecular Systematics, and Pathogenicity of Genus Pestalotiopsis and Allied Genera Causing Gray Blight Disease of Tea in Taiwan, With a Description of a New Pseudopestalotiopsis Species". Plant Dis. 105 (2): 425–443. doi:10.1094/PDIS-05-20-1134-RE. PMID   32720884. S2CID   220841364.
  21. 1 2 3 4 Nozawa, Shunsuke; Ando, Katsuhiko; Phay, Nyunt; Watanabe, Kyoko (April 2018). "Pseudopestalotiopsis dawaina sp. nov. and Ps. kawthaungina sp. nov.: two new species from Myanmar". Mycological Progress. 17 (7): 865–870. doi:10.1007/s11557-018-1398-1. S2CID   255306651.
  22. ↑ "Pseudopestalotiopsis Maharachch., K.D.Hyde & Crous, 2014". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  23. 1 2 Lateef, A. A.; Sepiah, M.; Bolhassan, M. H. (2015). "Description of Pseudopestalotiopsis kubahensis sp. nov., a new species of microfungi from Kubah National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia". Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology. 5 (4): 376–381. doi:10.5943/cream/5/4/8.
  24. 1 2 3 Nozawa, Shunsuke; Yamaguchi, Kaoru; Yen, Le Thi Hoang; Hop, Duong Van; Phay, Nyunt; Ando, Katsuhiko; Watanabe, Kyoko (September 2017). "Identification of two new species and a sexual morph from the genus Pseudopestalotiopsis". Mycoscience. 58 (5): 328–337. doi:10.1016/j.myc.2017.02.008.
  25. ↑ "Neopestalotiopsis - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
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