Pseudotricholoma metapodium

Last updated

Pseudotricholoma metapodium
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Tricholomataceae
Genus: Pseudotricholoma
Species:
P. metapodium
Binomial name
Pseudotricholoma metapodium
(Fr.) Sánchez-García & Matheny (2014)
Synonyms
  • Agaricus metapodius Fr. (1818)
  • Hygrophorus metapodius Fr. (1838)
  • Camarophyllus metapodius(Fr.) Wünsche (1877)
  • Neohygrocybe metapodia(Fr.) Herink (1958)
  • Hygrocybe metapodia(Fr.) Gams (1967)
  • Porpoloma metapodium(Fr.) Singer (1973)

Pseudotricholoma metapodium is a species of agaric (gilled mushroom) in the family Tricholomataceae. It has been given the recommended English name of mealy meadowcap. [2] The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. [1] Threats to its habitat have resulted in the mealy meadowcap being assessed as globally "endangered" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [1]

Contents

Taxonomy

The species was first described by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1818 as Agaricus metapodius. Rolf Singer transferred it to Porpoloma in 1973, but subsequent molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, found that the latter genus was polyphyletic with species belonging either to Porpoloma sensu stricto or the new genus Pseudotricholoma. [3]

Description

Basidiocarps are agaricoid, up to 90 mm (3.5 in) tall, the cap convex then flat, up to 100 mm (4 in) across. The cap surface is smooth, pale to dark grey-brown to reddish brown, often splitting at margin. The lamellae (gills) are very pale grey to brownish, bruising red then black. The stipe (stem) is smooth, finely fibrillose, similarly coloured to the pileus or paler, slowly bruising red then black, lacking a ring. The smell is mealy when cut. The spore print is white, the spores (under a microscope) ellipsoid to oblong, amyloid, measuring about 6 to 8 by 3 to 4  μm. [4]

Similar species

In grassland, the common Lepista luscina can look similar, but is typically paler, does not change colour when bruised, and is microscopically distinct. The rare Neohygrocybe ovina does bruise red, but is typically blacker and is also microscopically distinct.

Distribution and habitat

The mealy meadowcap is rare but widespread in northern and central Europe. [1] It occurs in old, agriculturally unimproved, short-sward grassland (pastures and lawns).

Conservation

Pseudotricholoma metapodium is typical of waxcap grasslands, a declining habitat due to changing agricultural practices. As a result, the species is of global conservation concern and is listed as "endangered" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Hygrocybe</i> Genus of fungi

Hygrocybe is a genus of agarics in the family Hygrophoraceae. Called waxcaps in English, basidiocarps are often brightly coloured and have dry to waxy caps, white spores, and smooth, ringless stems. In Europe they are characteristic of old, unimproved grasslands which are a declining habitat, making many Hygrocybe species of conservation concern. Four of these waxcap-grassland species, Hygrocybe citrinovirens, H. punicea, H. spadicea, and H. splendidissima, are assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Elsewhere waxcaps are more typically found in woodlands. Most are ground-dwelling and all are believed to be biotrophs. Around 150 species are recognized worldwide. Fruit bodies of several Hygrocybe species are considered edible and are sometimes offered for sale in local markets.

<i>Hygrocybe punicea</i> Species of fungus

Hygrocybe punicea is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of crimson waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Records of H. punicea from North America, East Asia, and Australia require further research to see if they represent the same species.

<i>Entoloma bloxamii</i> Species of fungus

Entoloma bloxamii, commonly known as the midnight blue entoloma, or big blue pinkgill, is a species of agaric in the family Entolomataceae. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Entoloma bloxamii has been reported from North America, but at least some of these reports represent a distinct species, Entoloma medianox. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the Big Blue Pinkgill being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Porpolomopsis calyptriformis</i> Species of fungus

Porpolomopsis calyptriformis, commonly known as the pink wax cap, ballerina waxcap or salmon waxy cap, is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. A similar but as yet unnamed species occurs in North America.

<i>Cuphophyllus pratensis</i> Species of fungus

Cuphophyllus pratensis is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of meadow waxcap in the UK and in North America has variously been called the meadow waxy cap, salmon waxy cap, and butter meadowcap. The species has a widespread, mainly temperate distribution, occurring in grassland in Europe and in woodland elsewhere. The basidiocarps are edible and are occasionally collected and sold commercially.

Pogonoloma is a mushroom genus in the family Tricholomataceae in a broad sense. The genus contains two species known from Europe. Pogonoloma was described first as a subgenus of the genus Porpoloma but recent molecular evidence separates the two by several other genera, with Porpoloma remaining within a smaller family Tricholomataceae.

<i>Gliophorus europerplexus</i> Species of fungus

Gliophorus europerplexus is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of butterscotch waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Gliophorus reginae</i> Species of fungus

Gliophorus reginae is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of jubilee waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Gloioxanthomyces vitellinus</i> Species of fungus

Gloioxanthomyces vitellinus is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Glistening Waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the Glistening Waxcap being assessed as globally "endangered" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Neohygrocybe ingrata</i> Species of fungus

Neohygrocybe ingrata is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of dingy waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Hygrocybe citrinovirens</i> Species of fungus

Hygrocybe citrinovirens is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Citrine Waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Neohygrocybe ovina</i> Species of fungus

Neohygrocybe ovina is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of blushing waxcap, since the lamellae (gills) and flesh turn pinkish red when bruised. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Cuphophyllus colemannianus</i> Species of fungus

Cuphophyllus colemannianus is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of toasted waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Cuphophyllus lacmus</i> Species of fungus

Cuphophyllus lacmus is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of grey waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Neohygrocybe nitrata</i> Species of fungus

Neohygrocybe nitrata is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of nitrous waxcap, based on its smell. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Entoloma porphyrophaeum</i> Species of fungus

Entoloma porphyrophaeum is a species of agaric in the family Entolomataceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Lilac Pinkgill. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Entoloma porphyrophaeum has been reported from North America, but at least some of these reports represent a distinct species, Entoloma canadense. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the Lilac Pinkgill being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Entoloma prunuloides</i> Species of fungus

Entoloma prunuloides is a species of agaric in the family Entolomataceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Mealy Pinkgill, based on its distinctive smell. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the Mealy Pinkgill being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Entoloma griseocyaneum</i> Species of fungus

Entoloma griseocyaneum is a species of agaric in the family Entolomataceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Felted Pinkgill. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the Felted Pinkgill being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Cuphophyllus atlanticus</i> Species of fungus

Cuphophyllus atlanticus is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. Until recently (2021), the species was considered to be conspecific with the North American Cuphophyllus canescens, but DNA sequencing has shown that it is distinct. As C. canescens, it has been given the recommended English name of felted waxcap in the United Kingdom. Cuphophyllus atlanticus has a European and North American distribution, occurring in Europe mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in C. canescens being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Cuphophyllus lepidopus is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of scalyfoot waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Jordal J, Olariaga Ibaguren I (2019). "Pseudotricholoma metapodium. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species" . Retrieved 2022-12-06.
  2. ↑ Holden L. (April 2022). "English names for fungi 2022". British Mycological Society . Retrieved 2022-12-06.
  3. ↑ Sánchez-García, Marisol (October 2014). "Deconstructing the Tricholomataceae (Agaricales) and introduction of the new genera Albomagister, Corneriella, Pogonoloma and Pseudotricholoma". Taxon. 63 (5): 993–1007. doi: 10.12705/635.635.3 .
  4. ↑ Arnolds E, Noordeloos ME. (1999). "Porpoloma". In Bas; et al. (eds.). Flora Agaricina Neerlandica. Vol. 4. Rotterdam, Netherlands: AA Balkema. pp. 149–150. ISBN   90-5410-492-9.


This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.