Quercus semecarpifolia | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Fagales |
Family: | Fagaceae |
Genus: | Quercus |
Subgenus: | Quercus subg. Cerris |
Section: | Quercus sect. Ilex |
Species: | Q. semecarpifolia |
Binomial name | |
Quercus semecarpifolia | |
Synonyms [2] | |
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Quercus semecarpifolia is an Asian species of oak. It is native to the Himalayas and nearby mountains in Tibet, Afghanistan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan, [3] where it is referred to as kharsu. [4] It is classified in subgenus Cerris, section Ilex. [5] [6]
Quercus semecarpifolia is an evergreen tree up to 30 metres (98 feet) tall. The leaves are up to 12 centimetres (4+3⁄4 inches) long, with a few teeth along the sides but rounded at the tip. [3] [7] It has been grown in middle Europe, Western Germany, winter-hardiness zone 7, withstanding -14 °C, without any damages. It gives a good, showy bush to small tree with lush green leaves. The epithet semecarpifolia refers to a resemblance between the leaves of this species and those of Semecarpus anacardium. [7]
In its native range, it serves as a keystone species, exhibiting up to 80% dominance at elevations between 2700 and 3300 meters. [4] In areas where less degradation has occurred, Q. semecarpifolia reduces light at the forest floor, encouraging the growth of shade tolerant herbaceous species. [4] Local people make use of kharsu more frequently than other native oaks for food, animal fodder, fuel, and timber. [8] Its leaves are also known to support Antheraea proylei silk worms, goats, [9] and prevent slug infestations. [4]
Fossils of Quercus semecarpifolia have been described from the fossil flora of Kızılcahamam district in Turkey, which is of early Pliocene age. [10]
Quercus ilex, the evergreen oak, holly oak or holm oak is a large evergreen oak native to the Mediterranean region. It is a member of the Ilex section of the genus, with acorns that mature in a single summer.
Quercus coccifera, the kermes oak, is an oak bush in the Ilex section of the genus. It has many synonyms, including Quercus calliprinos. It is native to the Mediterranean region and Northern African Maghreb, south to north from Morocco to France and west to east from Portugal to Cyprus and Turkey, crossing Spain, Italy, Libya, Balkans, and Greece, including Crete. The Kermes Oak was historically important as the food plant of Kermes scale insects, from which a red dye called crimson was obtained. The etymology of the specific name coccifera is related to the production of red cochineal (crimson) dye and derived from Latin coccum which was from Greek κόκκος, the kermes insect. The Latin -fera means 'bearer'.
Quercus lamellosa is a species of oak (Quercus) native to the Himalaya and adjoining mountains from Tibet and Nepal east as far as Guangxi and northern Thailand, growing at altitudes of 1300–2500 m. The Lepcha of Sikkim call it book koong. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.
Quercus brandegeei is a rare Mexican species of plant in the family Fagaceae, in the oak genus Quercus, section Virentes. It has been found only in the southern part of the State of Baja California Sur in northwestern Mexico.
Quercus macdougallii is a species of plant in the family Fagaceae. It is placed in section Quercus.
Quercus subspathulata is a Mexican species of plant in the family Fagaceae. It is native to western Mexico, found in the States of Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, and Sinaloa. It is placed in Quercus section Quercus.
Quercus franchetii, commonly known as the zhui lian li evergreen oak, is a species of oak in the Ilex section of the genus, native to a wide area of eastern Asia. It is an oak native to China, northern Thailand and Vietnam, growing at altitudes between 800 and 2,600 metres.
Quercus sichourensis is a species of oak found only in Yunnan Province in China. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.
Quercus phillyreoides is a species of flowering plant in the genus Quercus, placed in subgenus Cerris and section Ilex. It is evergreen, withstands frost and can be grown in hardiness zone 7. It is native to southern China, the Ryukyu Islands, and Japan, and has been introduced to Korea.
Quercus leucotrichophora is a tree belonging to Family Fagaceae; commonly known as Banjh oak, Banj oak (Uttarakhand) and Ban oak (Himachal). In Nepal, it is known as Banjhi, Rainj, Khasarant, Tikhe bhanjh in standard Nepali and Sulsing in Tamang language. It is classified in subgenus Cerris, section Ilex. Some authors named it as Quercus incana Roxburgh, which is now treated as a synonym.
Quercus albicaulis is a rare Chinese species of oak. It is a tree found only on the island of Hainan in southern China.
Quercus delavayi is an Asian species of trees in the beech family. It has been found only in southern China, in the Provinces of Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guangxi. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.
Quercus hypargyrea is an Asian species of tree in the beech family Fagaceae. It is native to south-central and southeast China, in particular the provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, and Sichuan. It has incorrectly been known as Quercus multinervis, which is properly the name of a fossil species. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.
Quercus oxyodon is a tree species in the beech family Fagaceae. It is native to the Himalayas and to the mountains of southern China and the Sa Pa region of northern Vietnam. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.
Quercus setulosa is the accepted name of an oak species in genus Quercus of the family Fagaceae. It is now placed in section Ilex of subgenus Cerris.
Quercus annulata is a tree species in the beech family Fagaceae. There are no known subspecies. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.
Quercus griffithii, called paisang, is a species of oak native to the eastern Himalayas, Tibet, south-central and southeast China, Assam, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. It is in the subgenus Quercus, section Quercus. Some authorities feel that it could be a synonym of Quercus aliena var. acutiserrata. It is a deciduous tree reaching 25 metres with an oblong crown, typically found from 700 to 2,800 m above sea level. It is a locally important fuelwood and fodder species.
Quercus pannosa is a species of oak native to south-central China. An evergreen tree or shrub, it is found at very high elevations, flourishing at up to 4,270 metres above sea level. It is classified in subgenus Cerris, section Ilex.
Quercus subgenus Quercus is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification. It contains about 190 species divided among five sections. It may be called the New World clade or the high-latitude clade; most species are native to the Americas, the others being found in Eurasia and northernmost North Africa.
Quercus subgenus Cerris is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification. It contains about 140 species divided among three sections. It may be called the Old World clade or the mid-latitude clade; all species are native to Eurasia and North Africa.