Rineloricaria

Last updated

Rineloricaria
Rineloricaria eigenmanni.jpg
Rineloricaria eigenmanni
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Loricariidae
Tribe: Loricariini
Genus: Rineloricaria
Bleeker, 1862
Synonyms
  • Hemiloricaria
    Bleeker 1862
  • Leliella
    Isbrücker 2001

Rineloricaria (from the Greek, rhinos meaning nose, and the Latin, lorica meaning cuirass of leather) is a genus of freshwater tropical catfish (order Siluriformes) belonging to the family Loricariidae. They are commonly called whiptail catfish because of the long filament that grows out of the tip of the caudal fin that is characteristic of the genus. With the exception of R. altipinnis from Panama, they are native to the rivers of northern and central South America. Some species are regularly seen in the aquarium trade.

Contents

Taxonomy

This genus was described by Pieter Bleeker in 1862, with R. lima as the type species. This genus is by far one of the most speciose of the subfamily Loricariinae, containing approx 60 species. [1] On the other hand, it is one of the least resolved genera. [2] In 2008, 14 new species were added to this genus. [1] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Hemiloricaria, Fonchiiichthys , and Leliella been variably considered synonyms of Rineloricaria; these genera were erected to account for differences in sexually dimorphic traits. However, the traits used to diagnose these genera have been thought to be insufficient. [1]

Species

There are currently 67 recognized species in this genus: [7]

Distribution and habitat

The genus is widely distributed on nearly the entire subcontinent, from Costa Rica to Argentina, on both slopes of the Andes. [10] Rineloricaria species are found in a large variety of habitats, including large rivers, streams, and lagoons, associated with bottoms consisting of sand or rocks, sometimes found in marginal vegetation. They are also found to tolerate environments with a wide temperature gradient. [5] Rineloricaria have an adaptive capacity enabling many species to exploit the most varied habitats; some species, such as R. strigilata , have been caught in highly polluted bodies of water and represent some of the main components of the ichthyological diversity in such habitats. [2]

Appearance and anatomy

The average length of a Rineloricaria catfish is about 13 cm (5 in) long.[ citation needed ] The fish are long, slender, have no visible barbels, an erect dorsal fin, a very thin caudal peduncle, and a narrow face. The coloration of the fishes is usually light brown with darker blotches, and have a dark dorsal fin.[ citation needed ] They are also covered with bony plates and have a sucker disk mouth, as is common with most fish in the family Loricariidae.

Reproduction

Sexual dimorphism includes hypertrophied development of the odontodes along the sides of the head, on the pectoral spines and rays, and predorsal area of mature males. Several species also show hypertrophied development of the odontodes on the entire caudal peduncle. [10] In males, the pectoral fin spine is often thick, short, and curved when compared to the female. [1] Rineloricaria are cavity brooders. Numerous eggs (often more than 100) are laid attached to one another in single layer masses on the cavity floor, and are brooded by males. [10] Rineloricaria exhibit high levels of karyotypic diversity with chromosome numbers ranging from 36 to 70. [10]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Loricariidae</span> Largest family of catfish

Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish, with 92 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.

<i>Hypostomus</i> Genus of fishes

Hypostomus is a genus of catfish in the family Loricariidae. They are native to tropical and subtropical South America. H. plecostomus is the popular freshwater aquarium fish formerly known as Plecostomus plecostomus. The taxonomic structure of the Loricariidae is still being expanded by scientists. Hypostomus is a highly species-rich and widely distributed catfish genus.

<i>Otocinclus</i> Genus of fishes

Otocinclus is a genus of catfish in the family Loricariidae native to South America, commonly known as "dwarf suckers" or "otos". This genus, like other loricariids, is characterized by rows of armour plating covering the body, as well as the underslung suckermouth. They are generally small in size; O. tapirape is the smallest of the species (2.4 cm), while O. flexilis is the biggest (5.5 cm). These species have adaptations that allow them to breathe air. A duct forms at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach and expands into an enlarged, ring-like diverticulum, characteristic of this genus, which allows air-breathing. Otocinclus are popular aquarium fish, and they are often purchased as algae eaters. It is difficult to breed them in captivity, and only wild caught Otocinclus are available to hobbyists. This genus is widely distributed east of the Andes of South America, throughout the lowlands from northern Venezuela to northern Argentina, but are generally absent from the Amazon and the Orinoco lowlands.

<i>Aspidoras</i> Genus of fishes

Aspidoras is a genus of catfishes of the family Callichthyidae from Brazil.

<i>Peckoltia</i> Genus of fishes

Peckoltia is a genus of small South American armored suckermouth catfishes. Many of these fish are popular aquarium fish.

Spectracanthicus is a genus of suckermouth armored catfish endemic to the Tapajós, Xingu and Tocantins river basins in Brazil where often found in fast-flowing waters. The largest species in the genus reaches up to 13 cm (5.1 in) in standard length. They feed on algae and small invertebrates.

<i>Crossoloricaria</i> Genus of fishes

Crossoloricaria is a genus of armored catfish native to South America with one species ranging into Central America.

Ixinandria steinbachi is the only species in the genus Ixinandria of catfish of the family Loricariidae.

<i>Loricariichthys</i> Genus of fishes

Loricariichthys is a genus of catfishes of the family Loricariidae.

<i>Sturisoma</i> Genus of fishes

Sturisoma is a genus of armored catfishes native to Central and South America.

Harttia is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America.

<i>Loricaria</i> Genus of fishes

Loricaria is a genus of armored catfish native to South America.

<i>Parotocinclus</i> Genus of fishes

Parotocinclus is a genus of fish in the family Loricariidae native to South America. This genus is distributed through almost all hydrographic systems in South America from the Guyana Shield drainages and Amazon Shield tributaries to the coastal drainages of eastern and southeastern Brazil, including the rio São Francisco basin. Most species have the caudal peduncle oval in cross section. It has been found that Characidium species may interact with P. maculicauda. The small Characidium will follow grazing P. maculicauda, which release particulate matter dislodged from the catfish's foraging.

<i>Sturisomatichthys</i> Genus of fishes

Sturisomatichthys is a genus of armored catfishes native to Central and South America.

Dasyloricaria is a genus of armored catfishes native to Central and South America. The distribution of these species includes the northwestern South America on the Pacific slope of Colombia and Panama. Its distribution is restricted to the Pacific slope of the Andes, which is a unique pattern of distribution within the subfamily.

<i>Spatuloricaria</i> Genus of fishes

Spatuloricaria is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America and Panama.

Fonchiiichthys uracanthus is a species of armored catfish native to Costa Rica and Panama. However, Fonchiiichthys has recently been considered to be a synonym of Rineloricaria and thus may be invalid. This species grows to a length of 16.5 centimetres (6.5 in) SL.

Rineloricaria langei is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Iraí River, which is a tributary of the Iguazu River in the state of Paraná in Brazil. It is typically found in small streams with slow to moderate flow and a substrate composed primarily of sand, although rocks and organic debris are also usually present. The species reaches 11.7 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Rineloricaria maacki is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Iguazu River in the Paraná River basin in Brazil. It is typically found in environments characterized by muddy and medium-to-fast-flowing water, a substrate composed primarily of sand, and little to no marginal vegetation. The species reaches 13.6 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. Its specific name honors Reinhard Maack for his contributions to the geological knowledge of the Iguazu basin.

Rineloricaria osvaldoi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the drainage basin of the Vermelho River, which is itself a tributary of the Araguaia River, in Brazil. The species reaches 16.8 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Py-Daniel, Lúcia H. Rapp; Fichberg, Ilana (2008). "A new species of Rineloricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Loricariinae) from rio Daraá, rio Negro basin, Amazon, Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology. 6 (3): 339–346. doi: 10.1590/S1679-62252008000300007 .
  2. 1 2 Rodríguez, Mónica S.; Miquelarena, Amalia M. (2005). "A new species of Rineloricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Paraná and Uruguay River basins, Misiones, Argentina" (PDF). Zootaxa . 945: 1–15. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.945.1.1 .
  3. 1 2 Rodriguez, M; Miqualarena, A (2008). "Rineloricaria isaaci (Loricariidae: Loricariinae), a new species of loricariid catfish from the Uruguay River basin". Journal of Fish Biology. 73 (7): 1635–1647. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.02037.x. hdl: 11336/17126 .
  4. 1 2 3 Ingenito, Leonardo F. S.; Ghazzi, Miriam S.; Duboc, Luiz F.; Abilhoa, Vinícius (2008). "Two new species of Rineloricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Iguaçu basin, southern Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology. 6 (3): 355–366. doi: 10.1590/S1679-62252008000300009 .
  5. 1 2 3 Fichberg, Ilana; Chamon, Carine C. (2008). "Rineloricaria osvaldoi (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): a new species of armored catfish from rio Vermelho, Araguaia basin, Brazil" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology. 6 (3): 347–354. doi: 10.1590/S1679-62252008000300008 .
  6. ↑ Ghazzi, Miriam S. (2008). "Nine new species of the genus Rineloricaria (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from Uruguay river, southern Brazil" (PDF). Iheringia, Série Zoologia. 98 (1): 100–122. doi: 10.1590/S0073-47212008000100014 .
  7. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2011). Species of Rineloricaria in FishBase . December 2011 version.
  8. ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Rineloricaria anhaguapitan" in FishBase . April 2023 version.
  9. ↑ "A new species of Rineloricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from coastal drainages of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil – Neotropical Ichthyology" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-09-11.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Covain, Raphael; Fisch-Muller, Sonia (2007). "The genera of the Neotropical armored catfish subfamily Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): a practical key and synopsis" (PDF). Zootaxa . 1462: 1–40. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1462.1.1.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.