Salvia munzii

Last updated

Munz's sage
Salvia munzii 2.jpg
Status TNC G3.svg
Vulnerable  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Salvia
Species:
S. munzii
Binomial name
Salvia munzii
Epling, 1935
Synonyms
  • Salvia mellifera var. jonesiiMunz, 1927

Salvia munzii is a semi-evergreen perennial species of sage known by the common name Munz's sage or San Miguel Mountain sage. It is native to northern Baja California, Mexico, and it can be found in a few locations just north of the border in San Diego County, California, where it is particularly rare. It is characterized by small leaves and clear blue flowers. It is a member of the coastal sage scrub and chaparral plant communities.

Contents

Description

Salvia munzii is a bushy shrub which may exceed 2 metres (6.6 ft) in height, its branches coated in hairs. The rough-textured leaves are up to 5 centimeters long, the undersides densely hairy. [2]

The erect inflorescences are made up of many interrupted clusters of flowers, each cluster subtended by a pair of lance-shaped, leaflike bracts. The flower has a tubular blue corolla up to 1.5 centimeters long. Flowering is from January to May. [2]

Taxonomy

This species was named in honor of the California botanist Philip A. Munz. [3] It was described by Carl Epling in 1935, in the third issue of the journal Madroño, the type specimen collected from a small arroyo south of Hamilton Ranch, Baja California. Munz had previously classified a collection of this plant in 1927 as Salvia mellifera var. jonesii. Epling noted that Salvia munzii was not found growing in any locality in association with S. mellifera. [4]

The chromosome number is 2n = 30. [2]

Characteristics

It may be distinguished from S. mellifera by its more compact, rounded habit, the unbranched inflorescence, the more obovate-shaped leaves, and particularly by the shape of the corolla and stamens, with the corolla is also colored a uniformly darker blue than S. mellifera, rarely matching in color. S. munzii also flowers much earlier, as early as January. The odor of the plant most resembles Salvia clevelandii , which also shares similar foliage. [4]

Distribution and habitat

Flowering at the Regional Parks Botanical Garden in Berkeley, CA. H20090509-0439--Salvia munzii --RPBG (40877853483).jpg
Flowering at the Regional Parks Botanical Garden in Berkeley, CA.

In Baja California, this shrub is common, and can be found sparsely from Tijuana south until Ensenada, where its distribution becomes more abundant, further south to the northern Central Desert region around the Boojum tree belt in El Rosario, and it extends about 25 miles inland. [4] [5] A voucher of this plant listed in the state of Sonora may be mislabeled and instead refers to the Sonoran Desert in Baja California; it is unclear if it occurs in the state of Sonora. In California, this plant is limited to the San Miguel Mountains of San Diego County, on public and private land. [1]

This plant is generally found in chaparral and coastal scrub. [6] This species most often grows in association with Artemisia californica , a co-dominant member of the coastal sage formation, and frequently with Salvia apiana. [4]

Conservation

This species is vulnerable to threats in Baja California but especially California, where it has a limited distribution. In San Diego County, it is primarily threatened by development, and by non-native plants (invasive plants), off-road vehicles, recreation, trampling, roads and illegal dumping. In Baja California, the threats may be similar. [1] [6]

Cultivation

This plant is well-adapted for small gardens and perennial borders, and it also attracts hummingbirds and butterflies. Plants may look best if their tip is pruned continually, and watered once a month during summer. This species is tolerant of heavy soil, full sun, and is resistant to frost. [7] The small leaves may create an interesting contrast with other sages. [8]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Salvia mellifera</i> Species of shrub

Salvia mellifera is a small, highly aromatic, evergreen shrub of the genus Salvia native to California, and Baja California, Mexico. It is common in the coastal sage scrub of Southern California and northern Baja California. Black sage has a dark appearance, especially during drought.

<i>Salvia spathacea</i> Species of flowering plant

Salvia spathacea, the California hummingbird sage or pitcher sage, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to southern and central California growing from sea level to 610 m (2,001 ft). This fruity scented sage blooms in March to May with typically dark rose-lilac colored flowers. It is cultivated in gardens for its attractive flowering spikes and pleasant scent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coastal sage scrub</span> Shrubland plant community of California

Coastal sage scrub, also known as coastal scrub, CSS, or soft chaparral, is a low scrubland plant community of the California coastal sage and chaparral subecoregion, found in coastal California and northwestern coastal Baja California. It is within the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion, of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.

<i>Salvia columbariae</i> Species of flowering plant

Salvia columbariae is an annual plant that is commonly called chia, chia sage, golden chia, or desert chia, because its seeds are used in the same way as those of Salvia hispanica (chia). It grows in California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora, and Baja California, and was an important food for Native Americans. Some native names include pashiiy from Tongva and it'epeš from Ventureño.

<i>Artemisia californica</i> Species of plant

Artemisia californica, also known as California sagebrush, is a species of western North American shrub in the sunflower family.

<i>Eriodictyon capitatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Eriodictyon capitatum, the Lompoc yerba santa, is a rare evergreen shrub in the borage family. It is endemic to western Santa Barbara County, in California.

<i>Salvia clevelandii</i> Species of flowering plant

Salvia clevelandii, the fragrant sage, blue sage, Jim sage and Cleveland sage, is a perennial plant that is native to Southern California and northern Baja California, growing below 900 m (3,000 ft) elevation in California coastal sage and chaparral habitat. The plant was named in 1874 by Asa Gray, honoring plant collector Daniel Cleveland.

<i>Dudleya edulis</i> Species of succulent

Dudleya edulis is a species of perennial succulent plant known by the common names fingertips, lady fingers, mission lettuce and the San Diego dudleya. The common name denotes the finger-like shape of the leaves, while the specific epithet edulis refers to the use of the young scapes as food by the Kumeyaay. It is native to Southern California and northern Baja California, and grows on rocky hillsides, cliffs, and bare rock.

<i>Eryngium aristulatum</i> Species of flowering plant in the celery family Apiaceae

Eryngium aristulatum, known by the common names California eryngo and Jepson's button celery, is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae.

<i>Lepechinia cardiophylla</i> Species of plant

Lepechinia cardiophylla is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common names Santa Ana pitcher sage and heart-leaved pitcher sage. A broad-leaved fragrant shrub, it has distinct pitcher-shaped flowers. It is native to the Peninsular Ranges and found in the Santa Ana Mountains of Southern California, a few locations in San Diego County, and some of the coastal mountains of northern Baja California. Few populations of the plant are known and many of them are located in areas that are threatened by development and other human activity.

<i>Lepechinia ganderi</i> Species of plant

Lepechinia ganderi is a rare species of perennial shrub in the mint family known by the common name San Diego pitcher sage or Gander's pitcher sage. An aromatic plant with white to lavender flowers, this species is only known from southern San Diego County in California and a small portion of Baja California, occurring on chaparral or coastal sage scrub in metavolcanic soils. Because of its limited range, it is under threat from growing urbanization and increased fire frequency.

<i>Adolphia californica</i> Species of flowering plant

Adolphia californica, known by the common names California adolphia, California prickbush, and spineshrub, is a species of flowering shrub in the buckthorn family.

<i>Salvia brandegeei</i> Species of shrub

Salvia brandegeei is a perennial evergreen shrub in the mint family known by the common names Santa Rosa Island sage or Brandegee's sage. It is a fragrant plant characterized by lavender flowers and dark green leaves. For many years, it was thought to be native only to Santa Rosa Island, one of the Channel Islands of California, until it was discovered along the coast of Baja California. It is threatened by development and mining along the mainland portions of its range, but otherwise has a stable population on Santa Rosa Island.

<i>Chaenactis glabriuscula</i> Species of flowering plant

Chaenactis glabriuscula, with the common name yellow pincushion, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It is native to California and Baja California.

<i>Cryptantha clevelandii</i> Species of flowering plant

Cryptantha clevelandii is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name Cleveland's cryptantha. It is native to coastal California and Baja California, where it grows in the chaparral and other habitat in the coastal hills. It is an annual herb growing a branching or unbranched stem up to 60 centimeters tall. It is softly to roughly hairy and lined with linear leaves up to 5 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a length of developing fruits with a dense cluster of white flowers at the tip, the flowers are often thought to resemble a blow fly ascending to the sun as radiant beams of light engulf the flower like an illuminating aura, this gives Cryptantha clevelandii the nickname "glowing fly".

Bloomeria clevelandii is a rare species of flowering plant that is known by the common name San Diego goldenstar. It is native to a strip of scrub and coastal grassland in San Diego County, California, and adjacent Baja California. Genetic analysis of several morphologically similar genera shows that this species, which was named Muilla clevelandii for several decades, is not very closely related to the other members of Muilla and is moved back to Bloomeria.

<i>Penstemon clevelandii</i> Species of flowering plant

Penstemon clevelandii is a species of penstemon known by the common name Cleveland's beardtongue. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat such as scrub, woodland, and chaparral. It is a perennial herb with upright, branching stems 70 centimeters in maximum height. The thick leaves are oval in shape, sometimes toothed, and 2 to 6 centimeters in length. The inflorescence produces tubular flowers with expanded, lipped mouths. The flower is pink to magenta in color, up to 2.4 centimeters in length, and somewhat glandular on the outer surface.

<i>Platanthera cooperi</i> Species of plant

Platanthera cooperi is an uncommon species of orchid known by the common names Cooper's rein orchid and chaparral rein orchid.

<i>Bahiopsis laciniata</i> Species of flowering plant

Bahiopsis laciniata is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names San Diego County sunflower, San Diego viguiera and tornleaf goldeneye. It is native to the deserts and dry mountain slopes of northwestern Mexico, its distribution extending north as far as Ventura County, California.

Monardella stoneana is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name Jennifer's monardella.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Salvia munzii". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. 2020. Retrieved January 5, 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 Averett, Deborah Engle (2012). "Salvia munzii". Jepson eFlora. Jepson Flora Project . Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  3. ↑ Sages of the genus Salvia, Wayne's Word
  4. 1 2 3 4 Epling, Carl (February 1938). "The Californian Salvas. A Review of Salvia, Section Audibertia". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden . 25 (1): 95–188. doi:10.2307/2394478. JSTOR   2394478 – via JSTOR.
  5. ↑ Rebman, J. P.; Gibson, J.; Rich, K. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Baja California, Mexico" (PDF). San Diego Society of Natural History. 45: 184.
  6. 1 2 "Salvia Munzii". Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants of California (online edition, v9-01 1.0). California Native Plant Society, Rare Plant Program. 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  7. ↑ "Salvia munzii" (PDF). www.cnpssd.org. California Native Plant Society - San Diego Chapter. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  8. ↑ "Salvia munzii". California Natives Wiki. Theodore Payne Foundation . Retrieved January 5, 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.