Social media age verification laws by country

Last updated

Multiple countries have passed laws to require age verification for social media services as an attempt to address certain harms on social media. [1] [2] [3] These bills and laws variety a lot with some of them restricting access to only to certain features or distinguish between different users online and which could lead to companies requiring age verification to have such restrictions such as the Kids Online Safety Act or require it outright and ban users under a certain age such as the Online Safety Amendment in Australia which bans anyone under 16 from holding a social media account including YouTube. [4] [5]

Contents

Africa

Kenya

In May 2025 the Communication Authority of Kenya published guidelines on online safety for children one of the requirements for these guidelines was to require Application Service Providers (ASPs) and Content Service Providers (CSPs) have age verification to restrict harmful content. Alongside this the Kenya Parliament introduced the Kenya Information and Communications (Amendment) Bill, 2025 which requires age verification for social media services such as Facebook or Whatsapp, however as of August 2025 the bill proposed by the Parliament hasn't passed and the status of the guidelines by the Communications Authority remain unclear. [6] [7]

Europe

France

On 29 June 2023 France passed a law which would require parental consent for anyone under 15 to use social media, however the bill passed without a clear effective date, however stated that they would apply it as soon as possible. If the bill does go into effect, then companies would be fined up to one percent of their revenue if they do not comply with the law. [8] [9] [10] Since this law has passed the President of France Emmanuel Macron has said he could look into a complete ban for anyone under 15 to use social media. [11] [12]

Norway

In Late 2024 the Norwegian Government announced it was setting a minimum age of 15 for social media and would include an age verification barrier to access social media services. [2] [13] In June 2025 the Government would introduce the bill to set the age limit for consultation and the deadline for this consultation is 7 October 2025. [14] [15]

United Kingdom

The Online Safety Act 2023 requires providers of "user-to-user" services (which includes many popular social media services) prevent access by children of content deemed harmful, including but not limited to pornographic content. To do this, platforms including Reddit [16] and Bluesky [17] have implemented age verification for UK users.

North America

United States

State level

Since 2022 multiple states have passed laws requiring age verification for social media services such as California, Utah and Florida, however very few have taken effect due to legal challenges against them. The only two exceptions to this are Tennessee and Mississippi. [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] The law in Tennessee took effect after a Federal Judge denied a request to block the law in June 2025 and Mississippi's law HB 1126 was originally blocked from taking effect, however in July 2025 the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals stayed the order blocking the law this then led to the ones challenging the law NetChoice to asked the U.S Supreme Court to block the law again which it denied in August. What has resulted from this is that Nextdoor has banned anyone under 18 from making an account on their service in Tennessee and Bluesky has blocked Mississippi users entirely. [26] [27] [28] [29] [30]

Social media age verification by state
StateAuthoritySignedEffectiveNotes
California Gavin Newsom September 15, 2022 (AB 2273) September 20, 2024 (SB 976)Preliminarily Enjoined (both AB 2273 and SB 976)On September 15, 2022, Governor Gavin Newsom signed AB 2273 into law, which requires websites which make over $25 million a year or have over 100,000 users and which are likely to be used by children to file Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIAs) to determine how safe their services are and require age estimation for all visitors. The law was later blocked by Federal Judge Beth Labson Freemen in September 2023 for violating the First Amendment. [31] [32] California appealed, and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the ruling on the DPIA section of the law and vacated the rest and returned back to the Trial Court in August 2024. [33] Judge Freemen blocked the law again completely in March 2025. [34]

On September 20, 2024, Governor Newsom signed another law SB 976, which requires online services to not give anyone under 18 an addictive feed for more than an hour per day without parental consent and blocks notification between 12 am and 6 am and during school days between 8 am to 3 pm; those under 18 must also have default settings and social media companies must put out some disclosures. [35] In December 2024, Federal Judge Edward Davila blocked the law's notifications provisions as well as the disclosures provisions, however, let the rest of the law take effect including the age verification provision. [36] NetChoice, the ones challenging the law, asked the court to block it completely pending appeal. Judge Davila granted this request for 30 days, so that the Ninth Circuit could review the law pending appeal; the Ninth Circuit would later extend the injunction. [37] There was a hearing on the law on April 2, 2025, and a decision remains pending from the Appellate court. [38]

Utah Spencer Cox March 23, 2023Preliminarily enjoinedOn March 23, 2023, Governor Spencer Cox signed the Utah Social Media Regulation Act also known as SB 152 and HB 311. SB 152 requires social media companies with more than 5 million users to conduct age verification on all users and require parental consent for those under 18 years of age and cannot allow a minor on a social media platform between 10:30 pm - 6:30 pm MST. [39] [40] HB 311 allows parents of minors who have been harmed by addiction from social media to sue and collect up to 250,000 dollars in damages with a rebuttable presumption that if the minor was under 16 that harm occurred was because of social media. In December 2023 the social media trade association NetChoice sued Utah over the law claiming that it violated the First Amendment. [41] In response to this Utah amended its social media laws with SB 194 and HB 494 to avoid the law being deemed unconstitutional the governor signed these amendments in March 2024. The new laws removed the curfew of social media of 10:30 pm - 6:30 am and removed the provisions of it that required parental consent to open a social media account. However, youth accounts are still restricted from accessing certain features such as autoplay or direct messaging. [42] However, this wouldn't avoid the constitutional issues as the laws were declared unconstitutional by Chief Judge Robert Shelby on September 10, 2024 by granting NetChoice's request for a Preliminary Injunction basically blocking the laws enforcement pending any further legal proceedings against the law. [43]
Arkansas Sarah Huckabee Sanders April 11, 2023Permanently enjoinedIn April 2023 Arkansas passed SB 396 which requires certain social such as Facebook and Twitter media platforms to verify the age of users and require parental consent for those under 18 the law would have included websites such as YouTube but would later be exempt after lobbying. [44] [45] The law was blocked on August 31, 2023, by Judge Timothy L. Brooks. and would permanently block the law in March 2025. [46] [47]
Texas Greg Abbott June 13, 2023Partly enjoinedOn June 13, 2023, Texas passed the SCOPE Act also known as HB 18 into law and was set to take effect in September 2024. [48] The law requires websites to verify the parent or guardian of a minor under 18 if they want to join an online service that is covered by the SCOPE Act and those covered websites must also have some level of parental controls over the minors account and websites must filter out a vague list of harmful subjects for minors as well as block targeted advertisements for minors. [49] However, multiple sections of the law were blocked by Judge Robert Pitman of the U.S District Court for the Western District of Texas. The first sections he blocked was in the case Computer & Communications Industry Association v. Paxton where he blocked the filters section of bill on August 30, 2024. [50] He would then later block the targeted advertisements and age verification sections of the law on February 7, 2025 in the case Students Engaged in Advancing Texas v. Paxton. [51] Both the CCIA and SEAT cases are now pending in the U.S Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
Louisiana John Bel Edwards June 28, 2023July 1, 2025On June 28, 2023, SB 162 was passed into law in the state of Louisiana which requires social media platforms to verify age of all users and require parental consent for those under 16 years of age. [52] [53] [54] Once parental consent is granted the parent or guardian is able to supervise the minors account such being able to view the privacy settings or set breaks on the account. [55] The laws effective date was originally July 1, 2024, but was delayed to July 1, 2025, after Louisiana passed a law banning targeted advertisements for those under 18 which would also take effect on July 1, 2025. [56]

In March 2025 NetChoice sued over both SB 162 and HB 577 during the proceedings of the lawsuit Netchoice was temporally in controversy because the Attorney General of Louisiana Liz Murrill claimed that Netchoice's expert Dr. Anthony Bean had submitted an ai generated declaration in the case and sought to remove his declaration. [57] [58] Netchoice has since said that this was the first time they used Dr. Bean for any of their cases but are confident they will win their case still. [59]

Ohio Mike DeWine July 4, 2023Permanently enjoinedIn July 2023 Governor Mike DeWine signed HB 33 which was the states 2024 - 2025 fiscal bill which included the Social Media Parental Notification Act. [60] The act was put in fiscal bill by former Lieutenant Governor of Ohio Jon Husted as a way to address potential harms on social media services. [61] The law which is codified as 1349.09 and it requires operators of online services to not allow minors under 16 to use their services unless they have parental consent and can revoke parental consent if they choose to. [62]

On April 16, 2025, the law was declared unconstitutional in its entirety and permanently blocked by Judge Algenon L. Marbley after he previously granted a Temporary Restraining Order in January 2024 and a Preliminary Injunction in February of the same year. [63] [64] [65]

Florida Ron DeSantis March 25, 2024Preliminarily enjoinedIn March 2024 Florida passed HB 3 which is codified as 501.1736 and requires any social media or gaming service that have at least 10 percent of users under 16 who use their service for at least 2 hours a day to ban those under 14 from using their service and require parental consent for those 14 or 15 years old. On March 13, 2025, Chief Judge Mark E. Walker denied a request to block the law because it was unclear if the law applied to any members of the Computer & Communications Industry Association (CCIA) or Netchoice. [66] [67] [68] He would later in June 2025 grant an amended request to block the law after the Plaintiffs challenging the law submitted evidence that at least some of their members were affected by the act. Florida had also attempted to enforce the law against Snapchat after the Judge denied the first request to block it. [69] [70] The state after the judge granted the request to block the law quickly appealed to the U.S Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit. [71]
Georgia Brian Kemp April 23, 2024Preliminarily enjoinedIn April 2024 Georgia passed SB 351 codified as §39-6-1 to §39-6-5 which requires social media companies to verify the age of users and users under 16 must have parental consent and cannot be shown targeted advertising. [72] In June 2025 the law was blocked from taking effect after a federal judge found it to be likely unconstitutional. [73]
Mississippi Tate Reeves April 30, 2024July 17, 2025Mississippi in 2024 passed a law known as HB 1126 which requires Digital Service Providers (DSPs) to verify the age of account holders and require parental consent for those under 18. DSPs aren't allowed to collect certain data from users under 18 or show them a vaguely defined list of harmful content such as content about stalking or illegal activities. [74]

In June 2024 the trade association NetChoice sued Mississippi over the law and in July 2024 federal judge Halil Suleyman Ozerden blocked the law from taking effect. [75] [76] Mississippi would then appeal the ruling and in April 2025 the Fifth Circuit would vacate the injunction blocking Mississippi's law because the court didn't review the law correctly under the Supreme Court's decision in Moody v. NetChoice. [77] NetChoice would then file an amended complaint and won a new injunction In June 2025. Mississippi once again appealed and in July 2025 the Fifth Circuit stayed the order for the second injunction. [26] [27] NetChoice would then appeal to the U.S Supreme Court which denied the request to block Mississippi's law, however Justice Kavanaugh concurred stating he believed that NetChoice would succeed on the merits, however, didn't show any evidence that a temporary order in favor of the state would harm them. [78] [28] In response to this the social networking app Bluesky blocked access to Mississippi in August 2025. [30]

Tennessee Bill Lee May 2, 2024January 1, 2025In 2024 Tennesse passed the Protecting Kids from Social Media Act also known as HB 1891. The law requires social media to verify the age of users and require parental consent for users under 18. [79] On June 18, 2025, Judge Eli Richardson denied a preliminary injunction to block the law because NetChoice had not shown that its members would face irreparable harm without an injunction. [26]
New York Kathy Hochul June 20, 2024180 days after guidance is given by the Attorney General of New York.In 2024 New York passed a law known as the SAFE For Kids Act that requires parental consent for minors under 18 to use certain social media feeds and restrict notifications between the hours of 12:00 am - 6:00 am. [80] [81]
Virginia Glenn Youngkin May 2, 2025January 1, 2026SB 854 codified as §59.1-577.1 is an amendment to the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act and the amendment to it requires social media companies to estimate the age of users and limit usage to one hour per day per app for users under 16 and the time limit can be increased with parental consent. [82] [83]
Nebraska Jim Pillen May 20, 2025July 1, 2026
Vermont Phil Scott June 12, 2025January 1, 2027

See also

References

  1. Australia is banning social media for people under 16. Could this work elsewhere — or even there? | The Associated Press
  2. 1 2 Norway to increase minimum age limit on social media to 15 to protect children | Norway | The Guardian
  3. EU plans age checks on social media while France pushes a ban for under-15s | Courthouse News Service
  4. The Kids Online Safety Act is Still A Huge Danger to Our Rights Online | Electronic Frontier Foundation
  5. YouTube to be included in Australia’s social media ban for children under 16 | CNN Business
  6. Communications Authority Publishes New Guidelines Requiring Age-Verification Mechanisms on Social Media - Kenyans.co.ke
  7. Social media age verification trends globally as lawmakers on 4 continents push policy | Biometric Update
  8. France requires parental consent for under-15s on social media
  9. France Senate passes legislation requiring age verification for minors on social media - JURIST - News
  10. France approves law requiring parental consent for minors on social media | France24
  11. Macron to push for ban on social media for under-15s after school stabbing | Reuters
  12. Kids off social media, Macron says - POLITICO
  13. Norway to raise minimum age to be on social media to 15 | The Independent
  14. Regjeringa sender SoMe-lovforslag på høyring – vil ha 15-årsgrense – Siste nytt – NRK
  15. Norway Moves Forward with Age Limit for Social Media - regjeringen.no
  16. Brodkin, Jon (14 July 2025). "Reddit's UK users must now prove they're 18 to view adult content". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 16 July 2025. Retrieved 24 July 2025.
  17. Roth, Emma (10 July 2025). "Bluesky is rolling out age verification in the UK". The Verge. Archived from the original on 11 July 2025. Retrieved 11 July 2025.
  18. California Governor Signs Sweeping Children’s Online Safety Bill - The New York Times
  19. Newsom Signs Bill That Adds Protections for Children on Social Media - The New York Times
  20. Utah social media law requires parental permission for kids  : NPR
  21. Ron DeSantis signs Florida social media ban for children into law | Florida | The Guardian
  22. TN Gov. Lee signs 'Protecting Children from Social Media Act' | wbir.com
  23. Federal judge temporarily blocks Utah social media law aimed at protecting children | AP News
  24. Court blocks California’s online child safety law | The Verge
  25. Federal judge blocks Florida from enforcing social media ban for kids while lawsuit continues | AP News
  26. 1 2 3 Mississippi Online Age-Verification Law Blocked for Second Time | Bloomberg Law
  27. 1 2 Court rules Mississippi's social media age verification law can go into effect | AP News
  28. 1 2 Supreme Court allows restrictions on children’s access to social media to remain in place - SCOTUSblog
  29. Tennessee Age Restrictions | NextDoor
  30. 1 2 Bluesky Goes Dark in Mississippi Over Age Verification Law | WIRED
  31. Bill Status - AB-2273 The California Age-Appropriate Design Code Act.
  32. Court blocks California’s online child safety law | The Verge
  33. Federal court upholds block on California child online safety law - The Washington Post
  34. Court blocks California law on children's online safety | Reuters
  35. Bill Text - SB-976 Protecting Our Kids from Social Media Addiction Act.
  36. Judge blocks parts of California bid to protect kids from social media | Courthouse News Service
  37. Ninth Circuit blocks California law protecting kids from social media addiction | Courthouse News Service
  38. California pushes Ninth Circuit to lift block on its law protecting children from social media addiction | Courthouse News Service
  39. Utah Signs Bills Regulating Minors’ Social Media Usage - Lexology
  40. Utah proposes new rules to part of bills in regulating social media companies| KUTV
  41. NetChoice sues Utah over new social media laws passed by the Legislature| The Salt Lake Tribune
  42. Utah governor replaces social media laws for youth as state faces lawsuits | AP News
  43. Utah law restricting youth social media use blocked by judge | Reuters
  44. SESSION SNAPSHOT: The 94th Arkansas General Assembly adjourns | Arkansas Advocate
  45. Big Tech carves loopholes out of state kids’ safety laws - POLITICO
  46. Judge blocks law requiring parental consent for kids to use social media - POLITICO
  47. Federal judge declares Arkansas social media age-verification law unconstitutional | Arkansas Advocate
  48. Texas HB 18: Scope Act aims to protect teens from harmful content | khou.com
  49. 88(R) HB 18 - Enrolled version - Bill Text
  50. Judge allows parental consent for Texas kids' social media accounts| CBS Austin
  51. Judge blocks more provisions of Texas social media law | The Texas Tribune
  52. SB162
  53. 51:1751 - Louisiana State Legislature
  54. 51:1752 - Louisiana State Legislature
  55. 51:1754 - Louisiana State Legislature
  56. Louisiana Extends Child Data Protection Law and Restricts Social Media Platform Use of Minors' Data | Practical Law
  57. Internet freedom group sues Louisiana over its social media law for minors | Louisiana | thecentersquare.com
  58. NetChoice Pulls Expert After Allegations of AI Fabrications (1)| Bloomberg Law
  59. Apparent Massive Quotation/Citation Errors in Netchoice Expert's Report - Reason.com
  60. House Bill 33 | 135th General Assembly | Ohio Legislature
  61. Ohio could require parental consent for kids to use some social media| The Columbus Dispatch
  62. Section 1349.09 - Ohio Revised Code | Ohio Laws
  63. Ohio parental consent mandate spiked for kids on social media | Courthouse News Service
  64. Federal judge temporarily halts Ohio's new social media parental consent law| ABC6
  65. A judge has blocked enforcement of an Ohio law limiting kids’ use of social media during litigation | AP News
  66. Florida governor signs law restricting social media access for children | CNN Business
  67. Chapter 501 Section 1736 - 2024 Florida Statutes - The Florida Senate
  68. Judge rejects request to block Florida law aiming to keep children off social media - CBS Miami
  69. Florida Sues Snapchat Over Childhood Addiction - Newsweek
  70. Judge blocks Florida law banning social media accounts for children | Reuters
  71. Florida appeals federal judge's ruling which blocks enforcement of social media ban for kids - CBS Miami
  72. Georgia Enacts Law Regulating Social Media Use for Minors | Practical Law
  73. Judge blocks Georgia's social media age verification law after a similar one was blocked in Ohio - CBS Pittsburgh
  74. HB1126 (As Sent to Governor) - 2024 Regular Session
  75. Mississippi is the latest state sued by tech group over age verification on websites | Courthouse News Service
  76. Injunction halts Walker Montgomery Protecting Children Online Act from taking effect - Magnolia Tribune
  77. NetChoice v. Fitch, No. 24-60341 (5th Cir. 2025)  :: Justia
  78. Trade group asks Supreme Court to limit Mississippi’s social media law| The Hill
  79. TN Gov. Lee signs 'Protecting Children from Social Media Act' | wbir.com
  80. NY State Senate Bill 2023-S7694A(nysenate.gov)
  81. New York governor signs bill regulating social media algorithms, in a US first | CNN Business
  82. Youngkin signs bill to limit social media for kids under 16 | wusa9.com
  83. § 59.1-577.1. (Effective January 1, 2026) Social media platforms; responsibilities and prohibitions related to minors| Code of Virginia