United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia

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United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
(E.D. Va.)
EDVAdc.png
Location Albert V. Bryan U.S. Courthouse
More locations
Appeals to Fourth Circuit
EstablishedFebruary 4, 1819
Judges11
Chief Judge Mark Steven Davis
Officers of the court
U.S. Attorney Erik S. Siebert (acting)
U.S. Marshal Nick Edward Proffitt
www.vaed.uscourts.gov
The Norfolk courthouse for the United States District Court, Eastern District of Virginia United States Post Office and Courthouse (1934), Norfolk city, Virginia.jpg
The Norfolk courthouse for the United States District Court, Eastern District of Virginia
The Richmond courthouse for the United States District Court, Eastern District of Virginia Spottswood W. Robinson III and Robert R. Merhige, Jr., Federal Courthouse.jpg
The Richmond courthouse for the United States District Court, Eastern District of Virginia

The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia (in case citations, E.D. Va.) is one of two United States district courts serving the Commonwealth of Virginia. It has jurisdiction over the Northern Virginia, Hampton Roads, and Richmond metro areas and surrounding locations with courthouses located in Alexandria, Norfolk, Richmond, and Newport News (whose judges are shared with Norfolk).

Contents

Appeals from the Eastern District of Virginia are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit.

History

The United States District Court for the District of Virginia was one of the original 13 courts established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, 1  Stat.   73, on September 24, 1789. [1] [2]

On February 13, 1801, the Judiciary Act of 1801, 2  Stat.   89, divided Virginia into three judicial districts: the District of Virginia, which included the counties west of the Tidewater and south of the Rappahannock River; the District of Norfolk, which included the Tidewater counties south of the Rappahannock; and the District of Potomac, which included the counties north and east of the Rappahannock as well as Maryland counties along the Potomac. [2] Just over a year later, on March 8, 1802, the Judiciary Act of 1801 was repealed and Virginia became a single district again, 2  Stat.   132, effective July 1, 1802. [2]

The District of Virginia was subdivided into Eastern and Western Districts on February 4, 1819, by 3  Stat.   478. [1] [2] At that time, West Virginia was still part of Virginia, and was encompassed in Virginia's Western District, while the Eastern District essentially covered what is now the entire state of Virginia. With the division of West Virginia from Virginia during the American Civil War, the Western District of Virginia became the District of West Virginia, and those parts of the Western District that were not part of West Virginia were combined with the Eastern District to again form a single District of Virginia on June 11, 1864, by 13  Stat.   124. [2] Congress again divided Virginia into the Eastern and Western Districts on February 3, 1871, by 16  Stat.   403. [2]

During the 1960s, Judge Albert V. Bryan Jr. ran the Alexandria court, often ruled cases on the spot after motions were argued. The court earned the nickname of "rocket docket" for the speed and efficiency for which it processes its cases. Since 1997, the court has processed civil cases the fastest of the 94 federal districts, and eighth fastest in dealing with criminal cases. [3] Courts at Richmond are located in the Spottswood W. Robinson III and Robert R. Merhige Jr. Federal Courthouse, [4] having previously been held in the historic Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse.

Jurisdiction

Map of the United States District Courts in Virginia, showing the boundaries of the Eastern and Western Districts, and their divisions. US federal courts in Virginia.svg
Map of the United States District Courts in Virginia, showing the boundaries of the Eastern and Western Districts, and their divisions.

The Eastern District of Virginia court's jurisdiction covers slightly over six million people, comprising approximately 85% of the state's population. Its jurisdiction is grouped into four geographic divisions:

Alexandria Division

View of the US District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia at Alexandria, Virginia. US District Court Eastern Virginia Alexandria.jpg
View of the US District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia at Alexandria, Virginia.

The Alexandria Division covers the counties of suburban Washington, D.C.: Arlington, Fairfax, Fauquier, Loudoun, Prince William, and Stafford, and includes the independent cities of Alexandria, Fairfax, Manassas, Manassas Park, and Falls Church.

Richmond Division

The Richmond Division comprises the counties of Amelia, Brunswick, Caroline, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Essex, Goochland, Greensville, Hanover, Henrico, James City, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, Middlesex, New Kent, Northumberland, Nottoway, Powhatan, Prince Edward, Prince George, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Surry, Sussex, and Westmoreland, as well as independent cities such as Colonial Heights and Fredericksburg. [5]

Norfolk Division

Norfolk Division includes the counties of Accomack, Northampton, Isle of Wight, Southampton, and independent cities such as Chesapeake, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Suffolk, and Virginia Beach.

Newport News Division

The Newport News Division includes the counties of Gloucester, Mathews, York County, James City and cities such as Hampton, Newport News, Poquoson, and Williamsburg.

United States Attorney

The U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia is Erik S. Siebert, [6] serving as prosecution for criminal cases brought by the federal government, and representing the United States in civil cases in the court. The U.S. Attorney's office also manages the Project Safe Neighborhoods program within the district to reduce gun violence, and is involved with federal initiatives on drug trafficking, terrorism, cybercrime, and the prevention of elder care abuse. [7]

Current judges

As of July 30,2025:

#TitleJudgeDuty stationBornTerm of serviceAppointed by
Active Chief Senior
40Chief Judge Mark Steven Davis Norfolk
Newport News
19622008–present2018–present G.W. Bush
33District Judge Leonie Brinkema Alexandria 19441993–present Clinton
43District Judge Arenda Wright Allen Norfolk
Newport News
19602011–present Obama
44District Judge M. Hannah Lauck Richmond 19632014–present Obama
45District Judge Rossie D. Alston Jr. Alexandria 19572019–present Trump
46District Judge David J. Novak Richmond 19612019–present Trump
47District Judge Roderick C. Young Richmond 19662020–present Trump
48District Judge Patricia Tolliver Giles Alexandria 19732021–present Biden
49District Judge Michael S. Nachmanoff Alexandria 19682021–present Biden
50District Judge Elizabeth Hanes Norfolk
Newport News
19782022–present Biden
51District Judge Jamar K. Walker Norfolk
Newport News
19862023–present Biden
27Senior Judge Claude M. Hilton Alexandria 19401985–20051997–20042005–present Reagan
30Senior Judge Rebecca Beach Smith Norfolk
Newport News
19491989–20192011–20182019–present G.H.W. Bush
32Senior Judge Robert E. Payne Richmond 19411992–20072007–present G.H.W. Bush
34Senior Judge Raymond Alvin Jackson Norfolk
Newport News
19491993–20212021–present Clinton
37Senior Judge Henry E. Hudson Richmond 19472002–20182018–present G.W. Bush
41Senior Judge Anthony Trenga Alexandria 19492008–20212021–present G.W. Bush
42Senior Judge John A. Gibney Jr. Richmond 19512010–20212021–present Obama

Former judges

#JudgeStateBorn–diedActive service Chief Judge Senior status Appointed byReason for
termination
1 St. George Tucker VA 1752–18271813–1825 [Note 1] Madison resignation
2 George Hay VA 1765–18301825–1830 [Note 2] J.Q. Adams death
3 Philip P. Barbour VA 1783–18411830–1836 [Note 3] Jackson elevation to Supreme Court
4 Peter Vivian Daniel VA 1784–18601836–1841 Jackson elevation to Supreme Court
5 John Y. Mason VA 1799–18591841–1844 Van Buren resignation
6 James Dandridge Halyburton VA 1803–18791844–1861 Tyler resignation
7 John Curtiss Underwood VA 1809–18731863–1864 [Note 4]
1871–1873 [Note 5]
Lincoln
Operation of law
reassignment to D. Va.
death
8 Robert William Hughes VA 1821–19011874–1898 Grant retirement
9 Edmund Waddill Jr. VA 1855–19311898–1921 McKinley elevation to 4th Cir.
10 Duncan Lawrence Groner VA 1873–19571921–1931 Harding elevation to D.C. Cir.
11 Luther B. Way VA 1879–19431931–1943 Hoover death
12 Robert Nelson Pollard VA 1880–19541936–19471947–1954 F. Roosevelt death
13 Charles Sterling Hutcheson VA 1894–19691944–19591948–19591959–1969 F. Roosevelt death
14 Albert Vickers Bryan VA 1899–19841947–19611959–1961 Truman elevation to 4th Cir.
15 Walter Edward Hoffman VA 1907–19961954–19741961–19731974–1996 Eisenhower death
16 Oren Ritter Lewis VA 1902–19831960–19741974–1983 Eisenhower death
17 John D. Butzner Jr. VA 1917–20061962–1967 Kennedy elevation to 4th Cir.
18 Richard Boykin Kellam VA 1909–19961967–19811973–19791981–1996 L. Johnson death
19 John Ashton MacKenzie VA 1917–20101967–19851979–19851985–1998 L. Johnson retirement
20 Robert R. Merhige Jr. VA 1919–20051967–19861986–1998 L. Johnson retirement
21 Albert Vickers Bryan Jr. VA 1926–20191971–19911985–19911991–2019 Nixon death
22 David Dortch Warriner VA 1929–19861974–1986 Nixon death
23 Joseph Calvitt Clarke Jr. VA 1920–20041974–19911991–2004 Ford death
24 Richard Leroy Williams VA 1923–20111980–19921992–2011 Carter death
25 James C. Cacheris VA 1933–20251981–19981991–19971998–2018 Reagan retirement
26 Robert G. Doumar VA 1930–20231981–19961996–2023 Reagan death
28 James R. Spencer VA 1949–present1986–20142004–20112014–2017 Reagan retirement
29 T. S. Ellis III VA 1940–20251987–20072007–2025 Reagan death
31 Henry Coke Morgan Jr. VA 1935–20221992–20042004–2022 G.H.W. Bush death
35 Jerome B. Friedman VA 1943–present1997–20102010–2011 Clinton retirement
36 Gerald Bruce Lee VA 1952–present1998–2017 Clinton retirement
38 Walter D. Kelley Jr. VA 1955–present2004–2008 G.W. Bush resignation
39 Liam O'Grady VA 1950–present2007–20202020–2023 G.W. Bush retirement
  1. Initially appointed to the United States District Court for the District of Virginia, reassigned by operation of law to the Eastern District of Virginia on February 4, 1819.
  2. Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 13, 1825, confirmed by the United States Senate on March 31, 1826, and received commission the same day.
  3. Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 14, 1830, confirmed by the Senate on December 16, 1830, and received commission the same day.
  4. Recess appointment; formally nominated on January 5, 1864, confirmed by the Senate on January 25, 1864, and received commission the same day.
  5. Reassigned from the United States District Court for the District of Virginia on June 11, 1864.

Chief judges

Chief judges have administrative responsibilities with respect to their district court. Unlike the Supreme Court, where one justice is specifically nominated to be chief, the office of chief judge rotates among the district court judges. To be chief, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge.

A vacancy is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years, or until age 70, whichever occurs first. The age restrictions are waived if no members of the court would otherwise be qualified for the position.

When the office was created in 1948, the chief judge was the longest-serving judge who had not elected to retire, on what has since 1958 been known as senior status, or declined to serve as chief judge. After August 6, 1959, judges could not become or remain chief after turning 70 years old. The current rules have been in operation since October 1, 1982.

Succession of seats

Notable cases

The Eastern District of Virginia has handled many notable cases, including:

United States Attorneys

List of U.S. Attorneys since 1831 [12] [13]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Asbury Dickens, A Synoptical Index to the Laws and Treaties of the United States of America (1852), p. 388.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 U.S. District Courts of Virginia, Legislative history, Federal Judicial Center .
  3. Markon, Jerry (October 3, 2004). "A Double Dose of Molasses in the Rocket Docket". The Washington Post .
  4. "Richmond Courthouse" . Retrieved March 8, 2013.
  5. 28 U.S.C.   § 127(a)
  6. "Erik Siebert appointed Interim U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia" (Press release). Alexandria, Virginia: U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Virginia. January 21, 2025. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  7. U.S. Attorney's Office – Eastern District of Virginia – Priorities
  8. West v. Bliley , 33F.2d177 (E.D. Va.June 5, 1929).
  9. 1 2 3 4 "United States District Court, Eastern District of Virginia, Notable cases". Archived from the original on December 19, 2005. Retrieved March 28, 2006.
  10. "Soudní jednání o vydání Kevina Dahlgrena začne 12. září" (in Czech). Týden. August 13, 2013. Retrieved August 13, 2013.
  11. "Petition of Nemetz, 485 F. Supp. 470 (E.D. Va. 1980)". Justia Law. Retrieved February 28, 2024.
  12. "Bicentennial Celebration" (PDF). www.justice.gov. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
  13. "The Political Graveyard: U.S. District Attorneys in Virginia".