United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas

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United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas
(N.D. Tex.)
NDTX Seal.png
Location Earle Cabell Federal Building and Courthouse
More locations
Appeals to Fifth Circuit
EstablishedFebruary 24, 1879
Judges12
Chief Judge Reed O'Connor
Officers of the court
U.S. Attorney Nancy E. Larson (acting)
www.txnd.uscourts.gov

The United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas (in case citations, N.D. Tex.) is a United States district court. Its first judge, Andrew Phelps McCormick, was appointed to the court on April 10, 1879. The court convenes in Dallas, Texas with divisions in Fort Worth, Amarillo, Abilene, Lubbock, San Angelo, and Wichita Falls. It has jurisdiction over 100 counties in the northern and central parts of the U.S. state of Texas.

Contents

The United States Attorney's Office for the Northern District of Texas represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of December 10,2022, the United States attorney is Leigha Simonton.

Appeals from this court are heard by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, which includes Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

Jurisdiction

The Northern District of Texas has seven court divisions, covering the following counties:

History

The first federal judge in Texas was John C. Watrous, who was appointed on May 26, 1846, and had previously served as Attorney General of the Republic of Texas. He was assigned to hold court in Galveston, at the time, the largest city in the state. As seat of the United States District Court for the District of Texas, the Galveston court had jurisdiction over the whole state. [1] On February 21, 1857, the state was divided into two districts, Eastern and Western, with Judge Watrous continuing in the Eastern district. [2] Judge Watrous and Judge Thomas Howard DuVal, of the Western District of Texas, left the state on the secession of Texas from the Union, the only two United States judges not to resign their posts in states that seceded. When Texas was restored to the Union, Watrous and DuVal resumed their duties and served until 1870.

In 1879, Texas was further subdivided with the creation of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, using territory taken from both the Eastern and Western districts. [3]

In the twenty-first century, the Northern District of Texas has become a destination for forum shopping by conservative judicial activists who hope to use the conservative lean of the judges to gain favorable ideological decisions. [4] [5]

Current judges

As of August 1,2025:

#TitleJudgeDuty stationBornTerm of serviceAppointed by
Active Chief Senior
34Chief Judge Reed O'Connor Fort Worth 19652007–present2025–present G.W. Bush
29District Judge Sam A. Lindsay Dallas 19511998–present Clinton
31District Judge David C. Godbey Dallas 19572002–present2022–2025 G.W. Bush
32District Judge James E. Kinkeade Dallas 19512002–present G.W. Bush
33District Judge Jane J. Boyle Dallas 19542004–present G.W. Bush
35District Judge Karen Gren Scholer Dallas 19572018–present Trump
36District Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk Amarillo 19772019–present Trump
37District Judge Mark T. Pittman Fort Worth 19752019–present Trump
38District Judge Brantley Starr Dallas 19792019–present Trump
39District Judge James Wesley Hendrix Lubbock 19772019–present Trump
40District Judge Ada Brown Dallas 19742019–present Trump
41District Judgevacant
21Senior Judge A. Joe Fish Dallas 19421983–20072002–20072007–present Reagan
22Senior Judge Robert B. Maloney inactive19331985–20002000–present Reagan
23Senior Judge Sidney A. Fitzwater Dallas 19531986–20182007–20142018–present Reagan
24Senior Judge Samuel Ray Cummings Lubbock 19441987–20142014–present Reagan
27Senior Judge Terry R. Means Fort Worth 19481991–20132013–present G.H.W. Bush

Vacancies and pending nominations

SeatPrior judge's duty stationSeat last held byVacancy reasonDate of vacancyNomineeDate of nomination
10 Dallas Barbara M. Lynn Senior status May 15, 2023
11 David C. Godbey September 17, 2025 [6]
2 Jane J. Boyle October 1, 2025 [6]

Former judges

#JudgeStateBorn–diedActive service Chief Judge Senior status Appointed byReason for
termination
1 Andrew Phelps McCormick TX 1832–19161879–1892 Hayes elevation to 5th Cir.
2 John B. Rector TX 1837–18981892–1898 B. Harrison death
3 Edward Roscoe Meek TX 1865–19391899 [7] –19351935–1939 McKinley death
4 James Clifton Wilson TX 1874–19511919 [8] –1951 Wilson retirement
5 William Hawley Atwell TX 1869–19611923–19541948–19541954–1961 Harding death
6 Thomas Whitfield Davidson TX 1876–19741936–19651954–19591965–1974 F. Roosevelt death
7 Joseph Brannon Dooley TX 1889–19671947–196619591966–1967 Truman death
8 Joe Ewing Estes TX 1903–19891955–19721959–19721972–1989 Eisenhower death
9 Leo Brewster TX 1903–19791961 [9] –19731972–19731973–1979 Kennedy death
10 Sarah T. Hughes TX 1896–19851961 [9] –19751975–1985 Kennedy death
11 William McLaughlin Taylor Jr. TX 1909–19851966–19791973–19771979–1985 L. Johnson death
12 Halbert Owen Woodward TX 1918–20001968–19861977–19861986–2000 L. Johnson death
13 Robert Madden Hill TX 1928–19871970–1984 Nixon elevation to 5th Cir.
14 Eldon Brooks Mahon TX 1918–20051972–19891989–2005 Nixon death
15 Robert William Porter TX 1926–19911974–19901986–19891990–1991 Nixon death
16 Patrick Higginbotham TX 1938–present1975–1982 Ford elevation to 5th Cir.
17 David Owen Belew Jr. TX 1920–20011979–19901990–2001 Carter death
18 Mary Lou Robinson TX 1926–20191979–20162016–2019 Carter death
19 Harold Barefoot Sanders Jr. TX 1925–20081979–19961989–19951996–2008 Carter death
20 Jerry Buchmeyer TX 1933–20091979–20031995–20012003–2009 Carter death
25 John H. McBryde TX 1931–20221990–20182018–2022 G.H.W. Bush death
26 Jorge Antonio Solis TX 1951–20211991–20162014–2016 G.H.W. Bush retirement
28 Elton Joe Kendall TX 1954–present1992–2002 G.H.W. Bush resignation
30 Barbara M. Lynn TX 1952–present1999–20232016–20222023–2025 Clinton retirement

Chief judges

Chief judges have administrative responsibilities with respect to their district court. Unlike the Supreme Court, where one justice is specifically nominated to be chief, the office of chief judge rotates among the district court judges. To be chief, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge.

A vacancy is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years, or until age 70, whichever occurs first. The age restrictions are waived if no members of the court would otherwise be qualified for the position.

When the office was created in 1948, the chief judge was the longest-serving judge who had not elected to retire, on what has since 1958 been known as senior status, or declined to serve as chief judge. After August 6, 1959, judges could not become or remain chief after turning 70 years old. The current rules have been in operation since October 1, 1982.

Succession of seats

See also

Notes

  1. "U.S. Department of Justice: 2002 Centennial Report, pgs. 1, 10" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 1, 2009. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  2. "Southern District of Texas: History of the District". Archived from the original on September 17, 2009.
  3. U.S. District Courts of Texas, Legislative history, Federal Judicial Center .
  4. Platof, Emma (December 19, 2018). "By gutting Obamacare, Judge Reed O'Connor handed Texas a win. It wasn't the first time". The Texas Tribune . Retrieved March 30, 2023.
  5. Kitchener, Caroline; Marimow, Ann (February 25, 2023). "The Texas judge who could take down the abortion pill". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on February 25, 2023. Retrieved February 25, 2023.
  6. 1 2 "Future Judicial Vacancies | United States Courts". www.uscourts.gov.
  7. Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 13, 1898, confirmed by the United States Senate on February 15, 1899, and received commission the same day.
  8. Recess appointment; formally nominated on May 23, 1919, confirmed by the Senate on June 24, 1919, and received commission the same day.
  9. 1 2 Recess appointment; formally nominated on January 15, 1962, confirmed by the Senate on March 16, 1962, and received commission on March 17, 1962.