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76th Governor of Georgia 39th President of the United States Policies Appointments Tenure Presidential campaigns Post-presidency
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Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Jimmy Carter during his presidency. [1] In total Carter appointed 262 Article III federal judges, including 56 judges to the courts of appeals, 203 judges to the United States district courts, 2 judges to the United States Court of Claims and 1 judge to the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals. Later presidents have exceeded Carter's total number of judicial appointments, which had itself surpassed the previous record of 235 set by Richard Nixon, but Carter retains the record for the largest number of judicial appointments in a single term.
Although Carter made no appointments to the Supreme Court of the United States, two of his Court of Appeals appointees—Stephen Breyer and Ruth Bader Ginsburg—were later appointed to the Supreme Court by Bill Clinton.
None of Carter's appointees remain in active status, however 9 appellate judges and 25 district judges remain on senior status. Four additional judges appointed by Carter to district courts remain on senior status as appellate judges by appointment of later presidents, as is one appellate judge appointed to the Supreme Court.
# | Judge | Circuit | Nomination date | Confirmation date | Began active service | Ended active service | Ended senior status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Procter Ralph Hug Jr. | Ninth | August 29, 1977 | September 15, 1977 | September 15, 1977 | January 1, 2002 | November 30, 2017 |
2 | Alvin Benjamin Rubin | Fifth | August 16, 1977 | September 16, 1977 | September 19, 1977 | July 1, 1989 | June 11, 1991 |
3 | Hugh H. Bownes | First | September 19, 1977 | October 7, 1977 | October 11, 1977 | January 1, 1990 | November 5, 2003 |
4 | A. Leon Higginbotham Jr. | Third | September 19, 1977 | October 7, 1977 | October 11, 1977 | January 31, 1991 | March 5, 1993 |
5 | Thomas Tang | Ninth | August 29, 1977 | October 7, 1977 | October 12, 1977 | October 12, 1993 | July 18, 1995 |
6 | Damon Keith | Sixth | September 28, 1977 | October 20, 1977 | October 21, 1977 | May 1, 1995 | April 28, 2019 |
7 | Gilbert S. Merritt Jr. | Sixth | August 25, 1977 | October 29, 1977 | October 31, 1977 | January 17, 2001 | January 17, 2022 |
8 | Monroe G. McKay | Tenth | November 2, 1977 | November 29, 1977 | December 1, 1977 | December 31, 1993 | March 28, 2020 |
9 | Robert Smith Vance | Fifth / Eleventh | November 4, 1977 | December 15, 1977 | December 15, 1977 | December 16, 1989 [2] | – |
10 | James Kenneth Logan | Tenth | November 4, 1977 | December 15, 1977 | December 16, 1977 | August 31, 1994 | July 15, 1998 |
11 | James Dickson Phillips Jr. | Fourth | July 20, 1978 | August 11, 1978 | August 11, 1978 | July 31, 1994 | August 27, 2017 |
12 | Theodore McMillian | Eighth | August 3, 1978 | September 22, 1978 | September 23, 1978 | July 1, 2003 | January 18, 2006 |
13 | Phyllis A. Kravitch | Fifth / Eleventh | January 19, 1979 | March 21, 1979 | March 23, 1979 | December 31, 1996 [2] | June 15, 2017 |
14 | Frank Minis Johnson | Fifth / Eleventh | April 2, 1979 | June 19, 1979 | June 21, 1979 | October 30, 1991 [2] | July 23, 1999 |
15 | Amalya Kearse | Second | May 3, 1979 | June 19, 1979 | June 21, 1979 | June 11, 2002 | Incumbent |
16 | Jon O. Newman | Second | April 30, 1979 | June 19, 1979 | June 21, 1979 | July 1, 1997 | Incumbent |
17 | Dolores Sloviter | Third | April 4, 1979 | June 19, 1979 | June 21, 1979 | June 21, 2013 | October 12, 2022 |
18 | R. Lanier Anderson III | Fifth / Eleventh | April 18, 1979 | July 12, 1979 | July 13, 1979 | January 31, 2009 [2] | Incumbent |
19 | Reynaldo Guerra Garza | Fifth | April 30, 1979 | July 12, 1979 | July 13, 1979 | July 7, 1982 | September 14, 2004 |
20 | Joseph W. Hatchett | Fifth / Eleventh | May 17, 1979 | July 12, 1979 | July 13, 1979 | May 14, 1999 [2] | – |
21 | Albert John Henderson | Fifth / Eleventh | April 18, 1979 | July 12, 1979 | July 13, 1979 | January 31, 1986 [2] | May 11, 1999 |
22 | Carolyn Dineen King | Fifth | April 30, 1979 | July 12, 1979 | July 13, 1979 | December 31, 2013 | Incumbent |
23 | Francis Dominic Murnaghan Jr. | Fourth | May 8, 1979 | July 12, 1979 | July 13, 1979 | August 31, 2000 | – |
24 | Henry Anthony Politz | Fifth | May 3, 1979 | July 12, 1979 | July 13, 1979 | August 10, 1999 | May 25, 2002 |
25 | Thomas Morrow Reavley | Fifth | May 17, 1979 | July 12, 1979 | July 13, 1979 | August 1, 1990 | December 1, 2020 |
26 | Patricia Wald | D.C. | April 30, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | July 26, 1979 | November 16, 1999 | – |
27 | James Marshall Sprouse | Fourth | July 5, 1979 | September 11, 1979 | September 13, 1979 | October 31, 1992 | July 31, 1995 |
28 | Bailey Brown | Sixth | March 15, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | June 16, 1982 | December 31, 1997 |
29 | Richard Dickson Cudahy | Seventh | May 22, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | August 15, 1994 | September 22, 2015 |
30 | Betty Binns Fletcher | Ninth | July 12, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | November 1, 1998 | October 22, 2012 |
31 | Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy | Sixth | April 9, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | March 1, 1999 | May 12, 2014 |
32 | Boyce F. Martin Jr. | Sixth | June 5, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | August 16, 2013 | – |
33 | Abner Mikva | D.C. | May 29, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | September 19, 1994 | – |
34 | Mary M. Schroeder | Ninth | May 3, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | December 31, 2011 | Incumbent |
35 | Otto Richard Skopil Jr. | Ninth | June 14, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | June 30, 1986 | October 18, 2012 |
36 | Jerome Farris | Ninth | July 12, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | September 27, 1979 | March 4, 1995 | July 23, 2020 |
37 | Samuel D. Johnson Jr. | Fifth | August 10, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | May 10, 1991 | July 27, 2002 |
38 | Nathaniel R. Jones | Sixth | August 28, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | May 13, 1995 | March 30, 2002 |
39 | Albert Tate Jr. | Fifth | July 31, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | March 27, 1986 | – |
40 | Arthur Alarcón | Ninth | August 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | November 21, 1992 | January 28, 2015 |
41 | Thomas Alonzo Clark | Fifth / Eleventh | August 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | August 31, 1991 [2] | September 4, 2005 |
42 | Harry Pregerson | Ninth | August 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | December 11, 2015 | November 25, 2017 |
43 | Stephanie Kulp Seymour | Tenth | August 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | October 16, 2005 | Incumbent |
44 | Warren J. Ferguson | Ninth | September 28, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | July 31, 1986 | June 25, 2008 |
45 | Cecil F. Poole | Ninth | October 11, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | January 15, 1996 | November 12, 1997 |
46 | Dorothy Wright Nelson | Ninth | September 28, 1979 | December 19, 1979 | December 20, 1979 | January 1, 1995 | Incumbent |
47 | Richard S. Arnold | Eighth | December 14, 1979 [Rn 1] | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | April 1, 2001 | September 23, 2004 |
48 | Harry T. Edwards | D.C. | December 6, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | November 3, 2005 | Incumbent |
49 | William Canby | Ninth | April 2, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | May 23, 1996 | Incumbent |
50 | Samuel James Ervin III | Fourth | April 2, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | September 18, 1999 | – |
51 | Robert Boochever | Ninth | May 22, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 10, 1986 | October 9, 2011 |
52 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | D.C. | April 14, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | August 9, 1993 | Elevated |
53 | William Albert Norris | Ninth | February 27, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | July 7, 1994 | October 24, 1997 |
54 | Jerre Stockton Williams | Fifth | April 14, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | July 2, 1990 | August 29, 1993 |
55 | Stephen Reinhardt | Ninth | November 30, 1979 | September 11, 1980 | September 11, 1980 | March 29, 2018 | – |
56 | Stephen Breyer | First | November 13, 1980 | December 9, 1980 | December 10, 1980 | August 2, 1994 | Elevated |
# | Judge | Court [Note 1] | Nomination date | Confirmation date | Began active service | Ended active service | Ended senior status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Howell W. Melton | M.D. Fla. | March 29, 1977 | April 25, 1977 | April 26, 1977 | February 1, 1991 | December 18, 2015 |
2 | William Hoeveler | S.D. Fla. | April 5, 1977 | April 25, 1977 | April 26, 1977 | January 31, 1991 | November 18, 2017 |
3 | Finis E. Cowan | S.D. Tex. | May 19, 1977 | June 13, 1977 | June 14, 1977 | June 30, 1979 | – |
4 | Francis J. Boyle | D.R.I. | May 2, 1977 | June 30, 1977 | July 1, 1977 | December 1, 1992 | September 11, 2006 |
5 | Russell Gentry Clark | W.D. Mo. | June 13, 1977 | July 1, 1977 | July 5, 1977 | August 1, 1991 | July 31, 2000 |
6 | Edward Louis Filippine | E.D. Mo. | June 22, 1977 | July 21, 1977 | July 22, 1977 | June 11, 1995 | Incumbent |
7 | Harold Lloyd Murphy | N.D. Ga. | July 7, 1977 | July 28, 1977 | July 29, 1977 | March 31, 2017 | December 28, 2022 |
8 | T. F. Gilroy Daly | D. Conn. | June 29, 1977 | August 5, 1977 | August 5, 1977 | July 11, 1996 | – |
9 | Earl Ernest Veron | W.D. La. | July 19, 1977 | August 4, 1977 | August 5, 1977 | February 13, 1990 | August 28, 1990 |
10 | Harry H. MacLaughlin | D. Minn. | August 4, 1977 | September 16, 1977 | September 19, 1977 | October 1, 1992 | May 3, 2005 |
11 | Nicholas John Bua | N.D. Ill. | July 19, 1977 | October 7, 1977 | October 11, 1977 | November 4, 1991 | – |
12 | Edward Huggins Johnstone | W.D. Ky. | August 25, 1977 | October 7, 1977 | October 11, 1977 | October 22, 1993 | June 26, 2013 |
13 | Louis F. Oberdorfer | D.D.C. | September 16, 1977 | October 7, 1977 | October 11, 1977 | July 31, 1992 | February 21, 2013 |
14 | Stanley Julian Roszkowski | N.D. Ill. | July 19, 1977 | October 7, 1977 | October 11, 1977 | January 9, 1991 | January 31, 1998 |
15 | Thomas A. Ballantine Jr. | W.D. Ky. | September 27, 1977 | October 12, 1977 | October 12, 1977 | November 29, 1991 | February 18, 1992 |
16 | Charles Proctor Sifton | E.D.N.Y. | August 16, 1977 | October 12, 1977 | October 12, 1977 | March 18, 2000 | November 9, 2009 |
17 | Eugene Nickerson | E.D.N.Y. | August 16, 1977 | October 20, 1977 | October 21, 1977 | January 1, 1994 | January 1, 2002 |
18 | Pierre N. Leval | S.D.N.Y. | October 17, 1977 | October 29, 1977 | October 31, 1977 | November 8, 1993 | Elevated |
19 | Elsijane Trimble Roy | E.D. Ark. W.D. Ark. | October 21, 1977 | November 1, 1977 | November 2, 1977 | January 1, 1989 | January 23, 2007 December 1, 1990 [3] |
20 | George C. Carr | M.D. Fla. | November 21, 1977 | December 15, 1977 | December 16, 1977 | January 26, 1990 | – |
21 | John L. Kane Jr. | D. Colo. | November 2, 1977 | December 15, 1977 | December 16, 1977 | April 8, 1988 | Incumbent |
22 | A. David Mazzone | D. Mass. | November 21, 1977 [Rn 2] | February 7, 1978 | February 10, 1978 | June 3, 1993 | October 25, 2004 |
23 | Paul Allen Simmons | W.D. Pa. | November 22, 1977 [Rn 2] | April 6, 1978 | April 7, 1978 | June 1, 1990 | October 9, 2014 |
24 | Robert W. Sweet | S.D.N.Y. | February 17, 1978 | April 25, 1978 | April 28, 1978 | March 1, 1991 | March 24, 2019 |
25 | Gustave Diamond | W.D. Pa. | March 22, 1978 | May 1, 1978 | May 2, 1978 | January 31, 1994 | October 30, 2021 |
26 | Donald Emil Ziegler | W.D. Pa. | March 22, 1978 | May 1, 1978 | May 2, 1978 | October 1, 2001 | May 31, 2003 |
27 | Ellen Bree Burns | D. Conn. | February 15, 1978 | May 17, 1978 | May 18, 1978 | September 1, 1992 | June 3, 2019 |
28 | Robert Frederick Collins | E.D. La. | November 2, 1977 [Rn 2] | May 17, 1978 | May 19, 1978 | August 6, 1993 | – |
29 | Harold H. Greene | D.D.C. | March 22, 1978 | May 17, 1978 | May 19, 1978 | August 6, 1995 | January 29, 2000 |
30 | Leonard B. Sand | S.D.N.Y. | April 7, 1978 | May 17, 1978 | May 19, 1978 | July 1, 1993 | December 3, 2016 |
31 | Jack Edward Tanner | E.D. Wash. W.D. Wash. | January 20, 1978 | May 17, 1978 | May 19, 1978 | November 8, 1978 [4] January 28, 1991 | – January 10, 2006 |
32 | Adrian G. Duplantier | E.D. La. | April 24, 1978 | May 26, 1978 | May 31, 1978 | March 6, 1994 | August 15, 2007 |
33 | Shane Devine | D.N.H. | May 17, 1978 | June 23, 1978 | June 27, 1978 | September 8, 1992 | February 22, 1999 |
34 | Mary Johnson Lowe | S.D.N.Y. | May 10, 1978 | June 23, 1978 | June 27, 1978 | July 27, 1991 | February 27, 1999 |
35 | Santiago E. Campos | D.N.M. | June 2, 1978 | July 10, 1978 | July 12, 1978 | December 26, 1992 | January 20, 2001 |
36 | Louis H. Pollak | E.D. Pa. | June 7, 1978 | July 10, 1978 | July 12, 1978 | January 1, 1991 | May 8, 2012 |
37 | Jose Alejandro Gonzalez Jr. | S.D. Fla. | July 6, 1978 | July 26, 1978 | July 28, 1978 | November 30, 1996 | Incumbent |
38 | Harry E. Claiborne | D. Nev. | July 25, 1978 | August 11, 1978 | August 11, 1978 | October 9, 1986 | – |
39 | Norma Levy Shapiro | E.D. Pa. | August 1, 1978 | August 11, 1978 | August 11, 1978 | December 31, 1998 | July 22, 2016 |
40 | Thomas A. Wiseman Jr. | M.D. Tenn. | August 1, 1978 | August 11, 1978 | August 11, 1978 | November 3, 1995 | March 18, 2020 |
41 | Richard S. Arnold | E.D. Ark. W.D. Ark. | August 14, 1978 | September 20, 1978 | September 22, 1978 | March 7, 1980 | Elevated |
42 | Bruce Sterling Jenkins | D. Utah | August 28, 1978 | September 20, 1978 | September 22, 1978 | September 30, 1994 | November 7, 2023 |
43 | Harold Baker | E.D. Ill. / C.D. Ill. | August 9, 1978 | September 22, 1978 | September 23, 1978 | October 4, 1994 [5] | January 2, 2022 |
44 | Patricia Boyle | E.D. Mich. | July 25, 1978 | September 22, 1978 | September 23, 1978 | April 20, 1983 | – |
45 | Julian A. Cook | E.D. Mich. | July 25, 1978 | September 22, 1978 | September 23, 1978 | December 30, 1996 | May 16, 2017 |
46 | Mariana Pfaelzer | C.D. Cal. | August 8, 1978 | September 22, 1978 | September 23, 1978 | December 31, 1997 | May 14, 2015 |
47 | Donald E. O'Brien | N.D. Iowa S.D. Iowa | September 27, 1978 | October 4, 1978 | October 5, 1978 | December 30, 1992 December 1, 1990 [6] | August 18, 2015 – |
48 | Berry Avant Edenfield | S.D. Ga. | September 27, 1978 | October 10, 1978 | October 11, 1978 | August 2, 2006 | May 9, 2015 |
49 | Robert Keeton | D. Mass. | January 25, 1979 | March 21, 1979 | March 23, 1979 | February 28, 2003 | September 8, 2006 |
50 | John J. McNaught | D. Mass. | January 25, 1979 | March 21, 1979 | March 23, 1979 | February 1, 1991 | – |
51 | David Sutherland Nelson | D. Mass. | January 25, 1979 | March 21, 1979 | March 23, 1979 | September 27, 1991 | October 21, 1998 |
52 | John Garrett Penn | D.D.C. | January 19, 1979 | March 21, 1979 | March 23, 1979 | March 31, 1998 | September 9, 2007 |
53 | Abraham David Sofaer | S.D.N.Y. | January 19, 1979 | March 21, 1979 | March 23, 1979 | June 9, 1985 | – |
54 | Rya W. Zobel | D. Mass. | January 25, 1979 | March 21, 1979 | March 23, 1979 | April 1, 2014 | Incumbent |
55 | David Owen Belew Jr. | N.D. Tex. | February 9, 1979 | April 24, 1979 | April 26, 1979 | May 7, 1990 | November 21, 2001 |
56 | Martin F. Loughlin | D.N.H. | February 9, 1979 | April 24, 1979 | April 26, 1979 | May 15, 1989 | December 4, 1995 |
57 | Robert Manley Parker | E.D. Tex. | February 6, 1979 | April 24, 1979 | April 26, 1979 | June 17, 1994 | Elevated |
58 | Mary Lou Robinson | N.D. Tex. | February 23, 1979 | April 24, 1979 | April 26, 1979 | February 11, 2016 | January 26, 2019 |
59 | Barefoot Sanders | N.D. Tex. | February 6, 1979 | April 24, 1979 | April 26, 1979 | January 1, 1996 | September 21, 2008 |
60 | Paul G. Hatfield | D. Mont. | March 15, 1979 | May 9, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | February 9, 1996 | July 3, 2000 |
61 | Norman William Black | S.D. Tex. | February 23, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | December 6, 1996 | July 23, 1997 |
62 | George Edward Cire | S.D. Tex. | February 13, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | May 5, 1985 | – |
63 | James DeAnda | S.D. Tex. | February 13, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | October 1, 1992 | – |
64 | Joyce Hens Green | D.D.C. | March 2, 1979 [Rn 3] | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | July 1, 1995 | October 10, 2024 |
65 | George P. Kazen | S.D. Tex. | March 7, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | May 31, 2009 | March 9, 2018 |
66 | Gabrielle Kirk McDonald | S.D. Tex. | February 27, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | August 14, 1988 | – |
67 | William Overton | E.D. Ark. | March 7, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | July 14, 1987 | – |
68 | Donald J. Porter | D.S.D. | March 15, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | March 16, 1992 | February 17, 2003 |
69 | Harold Duane Vietor | S.D. Iowa | March 15, 1979 | May 10, 1979 | May 11, 1979 | December 29, 1996 | July 23, 2016 |
70 | Valdemar Aguirre Cordova | D. Ariz. | April 30, 1979 | June 19, 1979 | June 21, 1979 | June 18, 1988 | – |
71 | Marvin Aspen | N.D. Ill. | April 30, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | July 1, 2002 | Incumbent |
72 | Susan H. Black | M.D. Fla. | May 22, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | September 3, 1992 | Elevated |
73 | William J. Castagna | M.D. Fla. | June 5, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | June 29, 1992 | December 18, 2020 |
74 | Richard Paul Conaboy | M.D. Pa. | May 29, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | September 1, 1992 | November 9, 2018 |
75 | Warren William Eginton | D. Conn. | June 5, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | August 1, 1992 | October 7, 2019 |
76 | Orinda Dale Evans | N.D. Ga. | June 5, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | December 31, 2008 | Incumbent |
77 | Lawrence K. Karlton | E.D. Cal. | June 5, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | May 28, 2000 | July 11, 2015 |
78 | James Byron Moran | N.D. Ill. | May 22, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | June 30, 1995 | April 21, 2009 |
79 | Sylvia H. Rambo | M.D. Pa. | May 29, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | April 18, 2001 | August 30, 2024 |
80 | Marvin Herman Shoob | N.D. Ga. | June 5, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | September 30, 1991 | June 12, 2017 |
81 | George Ernest Tidwell | N.D. Ga. | June 5, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | October 8, 1999 | August 4, 2011 |
82 | Robert L. Vining Jr. | N.D. Ga. | June 14, 1979 | July 23, 1979 | July 24, 1979 | March 31, 1996 | September 1, 2022 |
83 | Robert Jackson Staker | S.D. W. Va. | June 14, 1979 | September 11, 1979 | September 13, 1979 | December 31, 1994 | September 30, 2005 |
84 | Matthew J. Perry | D.S.C. | July 5, 1979 | September 19, 1979 | September 20, 1979 | October 1, 1995 | July 29, 2011 |
85 | George Arceneaux | E.D. La. | June 12, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | April 6, 1993 | – |
86 | Richard Bilby | D. Ariz. | June 5, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | May 29, 1996 | August 11, 1998 |
87 | Patrick Eugene Carr | E.D. La. | June 14, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 1, 1991 | June 1, 1998 |
88 | Jim Carrigan | D. Colo. | June 1, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 10, 1994 | August 19, 1995 |
89 | Avern Cohn | E.D. Mich. | May 17, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 9, 1999 | February 4, 2022 |
90 | Benjamin F. Gibson | W.D. Mich. | July 12, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | July 13, 1996 | January 31, 1999 |
91 | Falcon Black Hawkins Jr. | D.S.C. | June 5, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 1, 1993 | July 20, 2005 |
92 | Douglas Woodruff Hillman | W.D. Mich. | July 12, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | February 15, 1991 | October 1, 2002 |
93 | Charles Weston Houck | D.S.C. | June 5, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 1, 2003 | July 19, 2017 |
94 | William L. Hungate | E.D. Mo. | May 17, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 1, 1991 | June 30, 1992 |
95 | Stewart Albert Newblatt | E.D. Mich. | May 17, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | December 23, 1993 | December 27, 2022 |
96 | John Victor Parker | M.D. La. | May 24, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 31, 1998 | July 14, 2014 |
97 | Edward Cornelius Reed Jr. | D. Nev. | April 12, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | July 15, 1992 | June 1, 2013 |
98 | Howard F. Sachs | W.D. Mo. | May 17, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 31, 1992 | Incumbent |
99 | John Malach Shaw | W.D. La. | June 5, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | November 15, 1996 | December 24, 1999 |
100 | Zita Leeson Weinshienk | D. Colo. | June 1, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | April 3, 1998 | March 31, 2011 |
101 | Veronica DiCarlo Wicker | E.D. La. | June 5, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | December 10, 1994 | – |
102 | Scott Olin Wright | W.D. Mo. | May 24, 1979 | September 25, 1979 | September 26, 1979 | October 5, 1991 | July 11, 2016 |
103 | William L. Beatty | S.D. Ill. | July 31, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | November 9, 1992 | July 22, 2001 |
104 | Gene Edward Brooks | S.D. Ind. | July 27, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | December 31, 1996 | – |
105 | Jerry Buchmeyer | N.D. Tex. | August 3, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | September 5, 2003 | September 21, 2009 |
106 | Edward B. Davis | S.D. Fla. | August 10, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | June 30, 2000 | – |
107 | Hugh Gibson | S.D. Tex. | July 31, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | November 1, 1989 | June 18, 1998 |
108 | Lynn Carlton Higby | N.D. Fla. | June 14, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | January 3, 1983 | – |
109 | Joseph C. Howard Sr. | D. Md. | May 22, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | November 15, 1991 | September 16, 2000 |
110 | Shirley Brannock Jones | D. Md. | May 22, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | December 31, 1982 | – |
111 | James W. Kehoe | S.D. Fla. | July 18, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | October 16, 1992 | December 13, 1998 |
112 | George J. Mitchell | D. Me. | July 31, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | May 16, 1980 | – |
113 | James Carriger Paine | S.D. Fla. | July 12, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | May 20, 1992 | March 7, 2010 |
114 | Eugene P. Spellman | S.D. Fla. | July 21, 1979 | October 4, 1979 | October 5, 1979 | May 4, 1991 | – |
115 | Harold A. Ackerman | D.N.J. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | February 15, 1994 | December 2, 2009 |
116 | Alan N. Bloch | W.D. Pa. | August 3, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | April 12, 1997 | October 6, 2024 |
117 | Thomas Rutherford Brett | N.D. Okla. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | October 3, 1996 | February 1, 2003 |
118 | Juan Guerrero Burciaga | D.N.M. | July 19, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | November 9, 1994 | March 5, 1995 |
119 | Barbara Brandriff Crabb | W.D. Wis. | July 21, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | March 24, 2010 | Incumbent |
120 | Dickinson R. Debevoise | D.N.J. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | May 1, 1994 | August 14, 2015 |
121 | James O. Ellison | N.D. Okla. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | November 7, 1994 | November 22, 2014 |
122 | Terence T. Evans | E.D. Wis. | July 21, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | August 11, 1995 | Elevated |
123 | Robert Howell Hall | N.D. Ga. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | December 31, 1990 | October 14, 1995 |
124 | Alcee Hastings | S.D. Fla. | August 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | October 20, 1989 | – |
125 | Neal Peters McCurn | N.D.N.Y. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | April 6, 1993 | September 7, 2014 |
126 | Scott Elgin Reed | E.D. Ky. | August 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | August 1, 1988 | February 17, 1994 |
127 | Dale E. Saffels | D. Kan. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | November 16, 1990 | November 14, 2002 |
128 | H. Lee Sarokin | D.N.J. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | October 5, 1994 | Elevated |
129 | Frank Howell Seay | E.D. Okla. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | September 25, 2003 | Incumbent |
130 | Anna Diggs Taylor | E.D. Mich. | May 17, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | December 31, 1998 | November 4, 2017 |
131 | Anne Elise Thompson | D.N.J. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | June 1, 2001 | Incumbent |
132 | Lee Roy West | W.D. Okla. | September 28, 1979 | October 31, 1979 | November 2, 1979 | November 26, 1994 | April 24, 2020 |
133 | Peter Beer | E.D. La. | October 11, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | April 12, 1994 | February 9, 2018 |
134 | William Bertelsman | E.D. Ky. | October 11, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | February 1, 2001 | Incumbent |
135 | Dudley Hollingsworth Bowen Jr. | S.D. Ga. | July 19, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | June 25, 2006 | Incumbent |
136 | Lucius Desha Bunton III | W.D. Tex. | October 11, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | December 1, 1992 | January 17, 2001 |
137 | James T. Giles | E.D. Pa. | October 11, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | February 11, 2008 | October 3, 2008 |
138 | Harry Lee Hudspeth | W.D. Tex. | October 11, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | June 30, 2001 | January 31, 2016 |
139 | Milton Lewis Schwartz | E.D. Cal. | September 28, 1979 | November 26, 1979 | November 27, 1979 | January 20, 1990 | October 3, 2005 |
140 | Juan Pérez-Giménez | D.P.R. | October 23, 1979 | December 5, 1979 | December 6, 1979 | March 28, 2006 | December 10, 2020 |
141 | Horace Ward | N.D. Ga. | November 1, 1979 | December 5, 1979 | December 6, 1979 | December 31, 1993 | April 23, 2016 |
142 | David Kent Winder | D. Utah | November 1, 1979 | December 4, 1979 | December 6, 1979 | June 8, 1997 | May 19, 2009 |
143 | José A. Cabranes | D. Conn. | November 6, 1979 | December 5, 1979 | December 10, 1979 | August 12, 1994 | Elevated |
144 | Robert James McNichols | E.D. Wash. | November 6, 1979 | December 5, 1979 | December 10, 1979 | April 20, 1991 | January 20, 1993 |
145 | Terry J. Hatter Jr. | C.D. Cal. | September 28, 1979 | December 19, 1979 | December 20, 1979 | April 22, 2005 | Incumbent |
146 | Edward Dean Price | E.D. Cal. | November 1, 1979 | December 19, 1979 | December 20, 1979 | December 31, 1989 | November 3, 1997 |
147 | Richard Alan Enslen | W.D. Mich. | November 30, 1979 | December 20, 1979 | December 21, 1979 | September 1, 2005 | February 17, 2015 |
148 | William Matthew Kidd | S.D. W. Va. / N.D. W. Va. | November 30, 1979 | December 20, 1979 | December 21, 1979 | January 15, 1990 [7] | December 20, 1998 |
149 | Lyonel Thomas Senter Jr. | N.D. Miss. | October 11, 1979 | December 20, 1979 | December 21, 1979 | July 30, 1998 | May 18, 2011 |
150 | Helen J. Frye | D. Ore. | December 3, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | December 10, 1995 | April 21, 2011 |
151 | Gilberto Gierbolini-Ortiz | D.P.R. | November 30, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | December 27, 1993 | March 23, 2004 |
152 | Diana E. Murphy | D. Minn. | November 30, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | October 13, 1994 | Elevated |
153 | Owen M. Panner | D. Ore. | December 3, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | July 28, 1992 | December 19, 2018 |
154 | James A. Redden | D. Ore. | December 3, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | March 13, 1995 | March 31, 2020 |
155 | Robert G. Renner | D. Minn. | November 30, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | February 22, 1992 | March 1, 2005 |
156 | Barbara Jacobs Rothstein | W.D. Wash. | December 3, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | September 1, 2011 | Incumbent |
157 | Henry Woods | E.D. Ark. | December 14, 1979 | February 20, 1980 | February 20, 1980 | March 1, 1995 | March 14, 2002 |
158 | Truman McGill Hobbs | M.D. Ala. | January 23, 1980 | April 3, 1980 | April 3, 1980 | February 11, 1991 | November 4, 2015 |
159 | Odell Horton | W.D. Tenn. | February 27, 1980 | May 9, 1980 | May 12, 1980 | May 16, 1995 | February 22, 2006 |
160 | Norma Holloway Johnson | D.D.C. | February 28, 1980 | May 9, 1980 | May 12, 1980 | June 18, 2001 | December 31, 2003 |
161 | John Trice Nixon | M.D. Tenn. | February 27, 1980 | May 9, 1980 | May 12, 1980 | August 15, 1998 | December 19, 2019 |
162 | G. Ross Anderson | D.S.C. | April 18, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | January 29, 2009 | March 1, 2016 |
163 | William Earl Britt | E.D.N.C. | April 14, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | December 7, 1997 | Incumbent |
164 | Clyde S. Cahill Jr. | E.D. Mo. | April 2, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | April 9, 1992 | August 18, 2004 |
165 | Charles Leach Hardy | D. Ariz. | April 2, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | June 2, 1990 | December 24, 2010 |
166 | John David Holschuh | S.D. Ohio | March 28, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | October 12, 1996 | January 26, 2011 |
167 | Patrick F. Kelly | D. Kan. | April 14, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | June 6, 1995 | March 15, 1996 |
168 | Frank Joseph Polozola | M.D. La. | April 2, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | January 15, 2007 | February 24, 2013 |
169 | Raul Anthony Ramirez | E.D. Cal. | December 14, 1979 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | December 31, 1989 | – |
170 | Walter Herbert Rice | S.D. Ohio | April 14, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | November 30, 2004 | Incumbent |
171 | Milton Shadur | N.D. Ill. | April 2, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | June 25, 1992 | January 14, 2018 |
172 | S. Arthur Spiegel | S.D. Ohio | April 14, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | June 5, 1995 | December 31, 2014 |
173 | George Washington White | N.D. Ohio | March 28, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 23, 1980 | February 26, 1999 | November 12, 2011 |
174 | Ann Aldrich | N.D. Ohio | March 28, 1980 | May 21, 1980 | May 24, 1980 | May 12, 1995 | May 2, 2010 |
175 | Elbert Bertram Haltom Jr. | N.D. Ala. | January 10, 1980 | May 29, 1980 | May 30, 1980 | December 31, 1991 | October 12, 2003 |
176 | Robert Bruce Propst | N.D. Ala. | January 10, 1980 | May 29, 1980 | May 30, 1980 | July 15, 1996 | May 14, 2019 |
177 | Robert Aguilar | N.D. Cal. | April 3, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | April 15, 1996 | June 24, 1996 |
178 | Horace Weldon Gilmore | E.D. Mich. | May 22, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | May 1, 1991 | January 25, 2010 |
179 | Justin L. Quackenbush | E.D. Wash. | May 9, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 27, 1995 | Incumbent |
180 | Clyde Frederick Shannon Jr. | W.D. Tex. | December 19, 1979 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | January 1, 1984 | – |
181 | Green Wix Unthank | E.D. Ky. | December 19, 1979 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 14, 1988 | June 25, 2013 |
182 | Filemon Vela Sr. | S.D. Tex. | January 22, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | May 1, 2000 | April 13, 2004 |
183 | Earl H. Carroll | D. Ariz. | June 2, 1980 | June 26, 1980 | June 30, 1980 | October 10, 1994 | February 3, 2017 |
184 | Carmen Consuelo Cerezo | D.P.R. | May 14, 1980 | June 26, 1980 | June 30, 1980 | February 28, 2021 | – |
185 | U. W. Clemon | N.D. Ala. | January 10, 1980 | June 26, 1980 | June 30, 1980 | January 31, 2009 | – |
186 | Thelton Henderson | N.D. Cal. | May 9, 1980 | June 26, 1980 | June 30, 1980 | November 28, 1998 | Incumbent |
187 | Judith Keep | S.D. Cal. | May 9, 1980 | June 26, 1980 | June 30, 1980 | September 14, 2004 | – |
188 | Alfredo Chavez Marquez | D. Ariz. | June 2, 1980 | June 26, 1980 | June 30, 1980 | July 25, 1991 | August 27, 2014 |
189 | Marilyn Hall Patel | N.D. Cal. | May 9, 1980 | June 26, 1980 | June 30, 1980 | October 30, 2009 | September 30, 2012 |
190 | A. Wallace Tashima | C.D. Cal. | May 9, 1980 | June 26, 1980 | June 30, 1980 | January 8, 1996 | Elevated |
191 | Earl Ben Gilliam | S.D. Cal. | December 7, 1979 | August 19, 1980 | August 20, 1980 | April 2, 1993 | January 28, 2001 |
192 | Myron H. Thompson | M.D. Ala. | September 17, 1980 | September 26, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | August 22, 2013 | Incumbent |
193 | Richard Erwin | M.D.N.C. | June 11, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | September 22, 1992 | November 7, 2006 |
194 | Hipolito Frank Garcia | W.D. Tex. | December 19, 1979 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | January 16, 2002 | – |
195 | Susan Getzendanner | N.D. Ill. | June 4, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | September 30, 1987 | – |
196 | George Howard Jr. | E.D. Ark. W.D. Ark | June 2, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | April 21, 2007 December 1, 1990 [8] | – |
197 | David Vreeland Kenyon | C.D. Cal. | June 20, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | October 27, 1995 | July 31, 1997 |
198 | Charles P. Kocoras | N.D. Ill. | June 2, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | June 30, 2006 | Incumbent |
199 | Consuelo Bland Marshall | C.D. Cal. | June 20, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | October 24, 2005 | Incumbent |
200 | James Harry Michael Jr. | W.D. Va. | April 9, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | October 31, 1995 | August 29, 2005 |
201 | Norman Park Ramsey | D. Md. | July 25, 1980 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | November 1, 1991 | September 30, 1992 |
202 | Richard Leroy Williams | E.D. Va. | April 9, 1979 | September 29, 1980 | September 30, 1980 | May 1, 1992 | February 19, 2011 |
203 | Walter Heen | D. Haw. | February 27, 1980 [Rn 4] | – | January 1, 1981 [9] | December 16, 1981 | – |
# | Judge | Nomination date | Confirmation date | Began active service | Ended active service | Ended senior status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Daniel Mortimer Friedman | March 22, 1978 | May 17, 1978 | May 19, 1978 | November 1, 1989 [10] | July 6, 2011 |
2 | Edward Samuel Smith | June 30, 1978 | July 26, 1978 | July 28, 1978 | June 1, 1989 [10] | March 22, 2001 |
# | Judge | Nomination date | Confirmation date | Began active service | Ended active service | Ended senior status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Helen W. Nies | May 9, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | June 18, 1980 | November 1, 1995 [10] | August 7, 1996 |
The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. It has the smallest geographical jurisdiction of any of the U.S. courts of appeals, and it covers only the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. It meets at the E. Barrett Prettyman United States Courthouse in Washington, DC.
During President Jimmy Carter's presidency, he nominated four people for four different federal appellate judgeships who were not processed by the Democratic-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee before Carter's presidency ended. None of the four nominees were renominated by Carter's successor, President Ronald Reagan. Three of the nominees who were not processed were nominated after July 1, 1980, the traditional start date of the unofficial Thurmond rule during a presidential election year. All four seats eventually were filled by appointees of President Ronald Reagan.
During President Gerald Ford's presidency, he nominated two people for two different federal appellate judgeships who were not processed by the Democratic-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee before Ford's presidency ended. Neither of the two nominees was renominated by Ford's successor, President Jimmy Carter. Both nominees were nominated after July 1, 1976, the traditional start date of the unofficial Thurmond Rule during a presidential election year. Both seats eventually were filled by appointees of President Jimmy Carter.
During President Lyndon B. Johnson's presidency, federal judicial appointments played a central role. Johnson appointed Abe Fortas and Thurgood Marshall to the Supreme Court of the United States in just over five years as president.
President Bill Clinton made two appointments to the Supreme Court of the United States, both during his first term.
With the advice and consent of the United States Senate, the president of the United States appoints the members of the Supreme Court of the United States, which is the highest court of the federal judiciary of the United States. Following his victory in the 2016 presidential election, Republican Donald Trump took office as president on January 20, 2017, and faced an immediate vacancy on the Supreme Court due to the February 2016 death of Associate Justice Antonin Scalia.