List of federal judges appointed by Theodore Roosevelt

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President Theodore Roosevelt. President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904.jpg
President Theodore Roosevelt.

Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt during his presidency. [1] In total Roosevelt appointed 80 Article III federal judges, a record for his day surpassing the 46 appointed by Ulysses S. Grant. These included 3 Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States, 19 judges to the United States Courts of Appeals, and 58 judges to the United States district courts.

Contents

Five of Roosevelt's appointees - George Bethune Adams, Thomas H. Anderson, and Robert W. Archbald, Andrew McConnell January Cochran, and Benjamin Franklin Keller, were originally placed on their respective courts as recess appointments by President William McKinley. Following the assassination which resulted in McKinley's death on September 14, 1901, Roosevelt chose to formally nominate those judges for confirmation by the United States Senate, and all were confirmed.

Additionally, 9 Article I appointments are listed, including 5 judges to the United States Court of Claims and 4 members to the Board of General Appraisers (later the United States Customs Court).

From the establishment of the United States courts of appeals on June 16, 1891, until the abolition of the United States circuit courts on December 31, 1911, all United States Circuit Judges where jointly appointed to both the United States court of appeal and the United States circuit court for their respective circuit. Starting January 1, 1912, United States Circuit Judges served only on the United States court of appeal for their respective circuit.

United States Supreme Court justices

#Justice Seat StateFormer justiceNomination
date		Confirmation
date		Began
active service		Ended
active service
1 Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. 2 Massachusetts Horace Gray December 2, 1902December 4, 1902December 4, 1902January 12, 1932
2 William R. Day 10 Ohio George Shiras Jr. February 19, 1903February 23, 1903February 23, 1903November 13, 1922
3 William Henry Moody 4 Massachusetts Henry Billings Brown December 3, 1906December 12, 1906December 12, 1906November 20, 1910

Courts of appeals and circuit courts

The United States circuit courts were abolished on January 1, 1912, the final day of service being December 31, 1911. The United States circuit court in the District of Columbia was abolished in 1863. Therefore, those individuals who served in the D.C. Circuit served only on the Court of Appeals and had no Circuit Court service.

#JudgeCircuitNomination
date		Confirmation
date		Began active
service		Ended active
service		Ended senior
status
1 Francis E. Baker Seventh December 11, 1901January 21, 1902January 21, 1902March 15, 1924–
2 William Kneeland Townsend Second January 15, 1902January 21, 1902January 21, 1902June 2, 1907–
3 Alfred Conkling Coxe Sr. Second May 29, 1902June 3, 1902June 3, 1902July 31, 1917–
4 Willis Van Devanter Eighth February 4, 1903February 18, 1903February 18, 1903December 16, 1910Elevated
5 John K. Richards Sixth February 19, 1903February 23, 1903February 23, 1903March 1, 1909–
6 William Cather Hook Eighth November 10, 1903November 17, 1903November 17, 1903August 11, 1921–
7 Jeter Connelly Pritchard Fourth April 27, 1904April 27, 1904April 27, 1904April 10, 1921–
8 Charles Holland Duell D.C. December 16, 1904January 5, 1905January 5, 1905August 31, 1906–
9 Seth Shepard D.C. December 16, 1904January 5, 1905January 5, 1905 [2] September 30, 1917–
10 Francis Cabot Lowell First February 15, 1905February 23, 1905February 23, 1905March 6, 1911–
11 William Henry Seaman Seventh February 25, 1905March 1, 1905March 1, 1905March 8, 1915–
12 Christian Cecil Kohlsaat Seventh March 18, 1905March 18, 1905March 18, 1905May 11, 1918–
13 Elmer B. Adams Eighth December 5, 1905December 12, 1905May 20, 1905 [3] October 24, 1916–
14 Louis E. McComas D.C. December 5, 1905December 6, 1905June 26, 1905 [4] November 10, 1907–
15 Joseph Buffington Third December 3, 1906December 11, 1906September 25, 1906 [5] June 1, 1938October 21, 1947
16 Charles Henry Robb D.C. December 3, 1906December 11, 1906October 5, 1906 [5] November 15, 1937June 10, 1939
17 Henry Galbraith Ward Second December 3, 1907December 17, 1907May 18, 1907 [6] June 30, 1921October 31, 1924
18 Walter Chadwick Noyes Second December 3, 1907December 10, 1907September 18, 1907 [7] July 1, 1913–
19 Josiah Alexander Van Orsdel D.C. December 3, 1907December 12, 1907November 14, 1907 [8] August 7, 1937–

District courts

#JudgeCourt
[Note 1] 		Nomination
date		Confirmation
date		Began active
service		Ended active
service		Ended senior
status
1 Robert W. Archbald M.D. Pa. December 5, 1901December 17, 1901March 29, 1901 [9] February 1, 1911Elevated
2 Thomas H. Anderson D.D.C. December 5, 1901February 4, 1902April 23, 1901 [10] October 1, 1916–
3 Andrew McConnell January Cochran E.D. Ky. December 5, 1901December 17, 1901April 24, 1901 [9] June 12, 1934–
4 Benjamin Franklin Keller S.D. W. Va. December 5, 1901December 17, 1901June 18, 1901 [9] August 8, 1921–
5 George B. Adams S.D.N.Y. December 5, 1901December 17, 1901August 30, 1901 [9] October 9, 1911–
6 Thomas G. Jones M.D. Ala.
N.D. Ala. 		December 5, 1901December 17, 1901October 7, 1901 [11] April 28, 1914–
7 Henry C. McDowell Jr. W.D. Va. December 5, 1901December 18, 1901November 12, 1901 [12] September 1, 1931October 8, 1933
8 James Perry Platt D. Conn. February 18, 1902February 28, 1902February 28, 1902January 26, 1913–
9 Waller Thomas Burns S.D. Tex. April 12, 1902April 24, 1902April 22, 1902November 17, 1917–
10 Clarence Hale D. Me. May 13, 1902May 19, 1902May 19, 1902January 1, 1922April 9, 1934
11 George W. Ray N.D.N.Y December 2, 1902December 8, 1902September 12, 1902 [13] January 10, 1925–
12 Albert B. Anderson D. Ind. December 8, 1902December 8, 1902December 8, 1902January 13, 1925Elevated
13 Ashley Mulgrave Gould D.D.C. December 2, 1902December 8, 1902December 8, 1902May 20, 1921–
14 George Chandler Holt S.D.N.Y. March 2, 1903March 3, 1903March 3, 1903January 16, 1914–
15 Page Morris D. Minn. February 19, 1903 [Rn 1] March 9, 1903March 9, 1903June 30, 1923December 16, 1924
16 Harry M. Clabaugh D.D.C. November 10, 1903November 16, 1903April 1, 1903 [14] [15] March 6, 1914–
17 Jeter Connelly Pritchard D.D.C. November 10, 1903November 16, 1903November 16, 1903June 1, 1904Elevated
18 Daniel Thew Wright D.D.C. November 10, 1903November 17, 1903November 17, 1903November 15, 1914–
19 John Calvin Pollock D. Kan. November 25, 1903December 1, 1903December 1, 1903January 24, 1937–
20 Henry Thomas Reed N.D. Iowa March 5, 1904March 7, 1904March 7, 1904November 30, 1921February 22, 1924
21 James Buchanan Holland E.D. Pa. April 14, 1904April 19, 1904April 19, 1904April 24, 1914–
22 William Henry Hunt D. Mont. April 14, 1904April 19, 1904April 19, 1904March 30, 1910Elevated
23 William M. Lanning D.N.J. December 6, 1904December 13, 1904June 1, 1904 [16] May 24, 1909Elevated
24 Wendell Phillips Stafford D.D.C. December 6, 1904December 13, 1904June 1, 1904 [16] May 4, 1931–
25 Arthur Loomis Sanborn W.D. Wis. January 6, 1905January 9, 1905January 9, 1905October 18, 1920–
26 Robert Walker Tayler N.D. Ohio January 6, 1905January 10, 1905January 10, 1905November 25, 1910–
27 John E. McCall W.D. Tenn. January 9, 1905January 17, 1905January 17, 1905August 8, 1920–
28 Frederic Dodge D. Mass. February 15, 1905February 23, 1905February 23, 1905September 10, 1912Elevated
29 Joseph V. Quarles E.D. Wis. February 25, 1905 [Rn 2] March 6, 1905March 6, 1905October 7, 1911–
30 Alston G. Dayton N.D. W. Va. March 7, 1905March 14, 1905March 14, 1905July 30, 1920–
31 Edward Whitson E.D. Wash. March 10, 1905March 14, 1905March 14, 1905October 15, 1910–
32 Joseph Cross D.N.J. March 13, 1905March 17, 1905March 17, 1905October 29, 1913–
33 Francis Marion Wright E.D. Ill. March 14, 1905March 17, 1905March 17, 1905July 15, 1917–
34 Solomon H. Bethea N.D. Ill. March 18, 1905March 18, 1905March 18, 1905August 3, 1909–
35 Kenesaw Mountain Landis N.D. Ill. March 18, 1905March 18, 1905March 18, 1905February 28, 1922–
36 Gustavus A. Finkelnburg E.D. Mo. December 5, 1905December 12, 1905May 20, 1905 [3] March 31, 1907–
37 Charles E. Wolverton D. Ore. December 5, 1905January 10, 1906November 20, 1905 [17] September 21, 1926–
38 Robert E. Lewis D. Colo. April 9, 1906April 10, 1906April 10, 1906December 1, 1921Elevated
39 Charles Merrill Hough S.D.N.Y. June 20, 1906June 27, 1906June 27, 1906September 5, 1916Elevated
40 Nathaniel Ewing W.D. Pa. December 3, 1906December 11, 1906September 25, 1906 [5] January 31, 1908–
41 James Loren Martin D. Vt. December 3, 1906December 11, 1906October 20, 1906 [5] January 14, 1915–
42 Loyal Edwin Knappen W.D. Mich. December 3, 1906December 10, 1906December 10, 1906February 8, 1910Elevated
43 Thomas Chatfield E.D.N.Y. December 10, 1906 [Rn 3] January 9, 1907January 9, 1907December 24, 1922–
44 Edward Silsby Farrington D. Nev. December 19, 1906January 10, 1907January 10, 1907April 30, 1928August 31, 1929
45 Eugene Davis Saunders E.D. La. February 11, 1907February 20, 1907February 20, 1907February 8, 1909–
46 David Patterson Dyer E.D. Mo. February 27, 1907March 1, 1907March 1, 1907November 3, 1919April 29, 1924
47 Thomas Charles Munger D. Neb. February 27, 1907March 1, 1907March 1, 1907July 31, 1941November 29, 1941
48 John Elbert Sater S.D. Ohio December 3, 1907–March 18, 1907 [18] May 30, 1908–
48.1 John Elbert Sater S.D. Ohio December 8, 1908March 1, 1909May 30, 1908 [19] November 18, 1924–
49 Frank Sigel Dietrich D. Idaho December 3, 1907December 17, 1907March 19, 1907 [6] January 18, 1927Elevated
50 William Cary Van Fleet N.D. Cal. December 3, 1907December 17, 1907April 2, 1907 [6] September 3, 1923–
51 Oscar Richard Hundley N.D. Ala. December 3, 1907–April 9, 1907 [18] May 30, 1908–
51.1 Oscar Richard Hundley N.D. Ala. December 8, 1908–May 30, 1908 [20] March 3, 1909–
52 William Bostwick Sheppard N.D. Fla. December 3, 1907May 20, 1908September 4, 1907 [21] April 21, 1934–
53 Ralph E. Campbell E.D. Okla. December 3, 1907January 13, 1908November 11, 1907 [22] August 31, 1918–
54 John Hazelton Cotteral W.D. Okla. December 3, 1907January 13, 1908November 11, 1907 [22] May 23, 1928Elevated
55 James Scott Young W.D. Pa. January 14, 1908January 22, 1908January 22, 1908February 25, 1914–
56 Edward Terry Sanford E.D. Tenn.
M.D. Tenn. 		May 14, 1908May 18, 1908May 18, 1908February 5, 1923Elevated
57 Milton D. Purdy D. Minn. April 23, 1908 [Rn 4] –July 6, 1908 [20] March 3, 1909–
58 Rufus Edward Foster E.D. La. January 22, 1909February 2, 1909February 2, 1909January 13, 1925Elevated

Specialty courts (Article I)

United States Court of Claims

#JudgeNomination
date		Confirmation
date		Began active
service		Ended active
service
1 Francis Marion Wright December 2, 1902January 13, 1903January 13, 1903March 16, 1905
2 Fenton Whitlock Booth March 14, 1905March 17, 1905March 17, 1905April 23, 1928 [23]
3 George W. Atkinson December 5, 1905January 16, 1906April 15, 1905 [24] April 16, 1916
4 Samuel S. Barney December 19, 1905December 20, 1905December 20, 1905April 15, 1919
5 Stanton J. Peelle December 19, 1905December 20, 1905December 20, 1905 [25] February 11, 1913

Board of General Appraisers

#JudgeNomination
date		Confirmation
date		Began active
service		Ended active
service
1 Byron Sylvester Waite June 13, 1902June 19, 1902June 25, 1902November 1, 1930 [26]
2 Charles P. McClelland November 10, 1903December 7, 1903August 21, 1903 [27] September 30, 1939 [26]
3 Eugene Gano Hay November 10, 1903November 24, 1903September 21, 1903 [28] November 30, 1923
4 Roy Chamberlain December 8, 1908January 11, 1909June 3, 1908 [29] March 3, 1913 [30]

Notes

Renominations
  1. ↑ Renominated on March 5, 1903.
  2. ↑ Renominated on March 6, 1905.
  3. ↑ Nomination withdrawn on December 17, 1906. Renominated on December 13, 1906.
  4. ↑ Renominated on December 8, 1908.

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References

General
Specific
  1. ↑ All information on the names, terms of service, and details of appointment of federal judges is derived from the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a public-domain publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
  2. ↑ Laterally appointed Chief Justice, previously served as Associate Justice of the same court.
  3. 1 2 Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1905, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 12, 1905, and received commission on December 12, 1905.
  4. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1905, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 6, 1905, and received commission on December 6, 1905.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1906, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 11, 1906, and received commission on December 11, 1906.
  6. 1 2 3 Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17, 1907, and received commission on December 17, 1907.
  7. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 10, 1907, and received commission on December 18, 1907.
  8. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 12, 1907, and received commission on December 12, 1907.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Recess appointment by William McKinley; formally nominated by Theodore Roosevelt on December 5, 1901, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17, 1901, and received commission on December 17, 1901.
  10. ↑ Recess appointment by William McKinley; formally nominated by Theodore Roosevelt on December 5, 1901, confirmed by the United States Senate on February 4, 1902, and received commission on February 6, 1902.
  11. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1901, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17, 1901, and received commission on December 17, 1901.
  12. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1901, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 18, 1901, and received commission on December 18, 1901.
  13. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 2, 1902, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 8, 1902, and received commission on December 8, 1902.
  14. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on November 10, 1903, confirmed by the United States Senate on November 16, 1903, and received commission on November 16, 1903.
  15. ↑ Laterally appointed as Chief Justice, previously served as Associate Justice of the same court.
  16. 1 2 Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 6, 1904, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 13, 1904, and received commission on December 13, 1904.
  17. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1905, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 10, 1906, and received commission on January 10, 1906.
  18. 1 2 Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, but no United States Senate vote.
  19. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 8, 1908, confirmed by the United States Senate on March 1, 1909, and received commission on March 1, 1909.
  20. 1 2 Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 8, 1908, but no United States Senate vote.
  21. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on May 20, 1908, and received commission on May 20, 1908.
  22. 1 2 Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 13, 1908, and received commission on January 13, 1908.
  23. ↑ Laterally appointed Chief Justice of the same court on April 23, 1928.
  24. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1905, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 16, 1906, and received commission on January 16, 1906.
  25. ↑ Laterally appointed Chief Justice, previously served as Judge of the same court.
  26. 1 2 Reassigned by operation of law to the United States Customs Court on May 28, 1926.
  27. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on November 10, 1903, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 7, 1903, and received commission on December 8, 1903.
  28. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on November 10, 1903, confirmed by the United States Senate on November 24, 1903, and received commission on November 25, 1903.
  29. ↑ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 8, 1908, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 11, 1909, and received commission on January 15, 1909.
  30. ↑ Removed from office by William Howard Taft on March 3, 1913.

Sources

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