Solidago virgaurea

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Solidago virgaurea
Solidago virgaurea kz12.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Solidago
Species:
S. virgaurea
Binomial name
Solidago virgaurea
L.
Synonyms [1]
Synonymy
  • Aster virgaurea(L.) Kuntze
  • Dectis decurrensRaf.
  • Doria virgaureaScop.
  • Solidago cantoniensisLour.
  • Solidago corsica(Rouy) A.W.Hill
  • Solidago minorMill.
  • Solidago nudifloraViv.
  • Solidago pygmaeaBertol.
  • Solidago vulgarisLam.
  • Aster minutus(L.) Kuntze, syn of subsp. alpestris
  • Solidago armenaKem.-Nath. ex Grossh., syn of subsp. armena
  • Solidago japonicaKitam., syn of subsp. asiatica
  • Solidago calcicola(Fernald) Fernald, syn of var. calcicola
  • Solidago caucasicaKem.-Nath., syn of subsp. caucasica
  • Solidago dahuricaKitag., syn of subsp. dahurica
  • Solidago gebleriJuz., syn of subsp. dahurica
  • Solidago insularisKitam., syn of subsp. insularis
  • Solidago jailarumJuz., syn of subsp. jailarum
  • Solidago lapponicaWith., syn of subsp. lapponica
  • Solidago macrorrhizaLange, syn of subsp. macrorrhiza
  • Solidago alpestrisWaldst. & Kit. ex Willd., syn of subsp. minuta
  • Solidago cambricaHuds., syn of subsp. minuta
  • Solidago minutaL., syn of subsp. minuta
  • Solidago stenophylla(G.E.Schultz) Tzvelev, syn of subsp. stenophylla
  • Solidago talyschensisTzvelev, syn of subsp. talyschensis
  • Solidago tauricaJuz., syn of subsp. taurica
  • Solidago turfosaWoronow ex Grossh., syn of subsp. turfosa
Flowers with Bombus cryptarum Bombus cryptarum - Solidago virgaurea - Keila.jpg
Flowers with Bombus cryptarum

Solidago virgaurea, the European goldenrod or woundwort, is an herbaceous perennial plant of the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across most of Europe as well as North Africa and northern, central, and southwestern Asia (China, Russia, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, etc.). [2] [3] [4] It is grown as a garden flower with many different cultivars. It flowers profusely in late summer.

Contents

Solidago virgaurea is a perennial herb up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall, with a branching underground caudex and a woody rhizome. It produces arrays of numerous small yellow flower heads at the top of the stem. [3]

Subspecies and varieties [1]

Medicinal uses

In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries Solidago virgaurea was used in Europe to heal wounds. Its astringent, diuretic, antiseptic and other properties are well known. In various assessments by the European Medicines Agency with respect to Solidago virgaurea, non-clinical data shows diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic and spasmolytic, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activity. However, as no single ingredient is responsible for these effects, the whole herbal preparation of Solidago inflorescences must be considered as the active ingredient. Further, the relevance of those effects found in vitro could not be confirmed by clinical studies. [5]

References

  1. 1 2 The Plant List, Solidago virgaurea L.
  2. ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, Verga d'oro comune, Solidago virgaurea L. includes photos and European distribution map
  3. 1 2 Flora of China, Solidago dahurica (Kitagawa) Kitagawa ex Juzepczuk, 1959. 兴安一枝黄花 xing an yi zhi huang hua
  4. ↑ "Solidago virgaurea". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  5. ↑ European Medicines Agency, ASSESSMENT REPORT ON SOLIDAGO VIRGAUREA L., HERBA, European Medicines Agency Evaluation of Medicines for Human Use London, 4 September 2008 Doc. Ref. EMEA/HMPC/285759/2007
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