South Algonquin | |
---|---|
Township of South Algonquin | |
Coordinates: 45°29′48″N78°01′26″W / 45.49667°N 78.02389°W [1] | |
Country | Canada |
Province | Ontario |
District | Nipissing |
Incorporated | October 1961 |
Government | |
• Type | Township |
• Mayor | Ethel LaValley |
• Governing body | South Algonquin Township Council |
• Councillors | List |
• Federal riding | Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke |
• Prov. riding | Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke |
Area | |
• Total | 873.43 km2 (337.23 sq mi) |
Population (2016) [2] | |
• Total | 1,096 |
• Density | 1.3/km2 (3/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC-5 (EST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
Postal code | K0J 2M0 |
Area code(s) | 613, 343 |
Website | www |
South Algonquin is a township municipality [1] in Nipissing District, Ontario, Canada. [1] [3] [4] [5] [6] Located south of Algonquin Provincial Park, it is the sole populated portion of the district that lies south of the traditional dividing line between Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario and is closer connected to Renfrew County as opposed to the core portions of Nipissing District.
The township had a population of 1,096 in the Canada 2016 Census. [2]
The communities of Aylen Lake, Cross Lake, Gunters, Madawaska, McKenzie Lake, [7] Murchison, Opeongo, Wallace and Whitney are in South Algonquin. [4] [5] It also includes the geographic townships of Airy, Dickens, Lyell, Murchison, and Sabine, with the exception of a triangle, the northwest corner, of Airy Township that is part of Algonquin Provincial Park. [1] [4]
The area was settled primarily as the site for the sawmill of the St. Anthony Lumber Company, of Minneapolis, Minnesota. It is named for the firm's general manager, Edwin Canfield Whitney.
By 1892 work had commenced on the Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway (later the Canada Atlantic Railway), by Ottawa lumberman John Rudolphus Booth, whose sawmill at the Chaudière Falls, Ottawa, was considered to be one of the largest in North America, second only to a mill in Minneapolis. At the end of 1892, Booth arranged a takeover of the adjacent Perley and Pattee mill from the estate of his former colleague William Goodhue Perley.
Timber berths on the upper Madawaska River, in the townships of Airy and Nightingale, belonging to the Perley & Pattee Lumber Company, were sold in 1894, to the St. Anthony Lumber Company, of Minneapolis. As the OA&PS Railway was being constructed to access this area, Whitney persuaded the management of the St. Anthony firm to purchase the timber berths.
About a year after the Whitney sawmill was built, Fowler and Hill sold the Minneapolis mill and associated timber limits to Frederick Weyerhaeuser of Saint Paul, Minnesota. Whitney who had large timber holdings near Brainerd, Minnesota, sold them to Weyerhaeuser as well and made enough profit that he was able to purchase his partners' interests in the Whitney concern and continue its operation on his own.
Through the early 20th century, the Canada Atlantic Railway underwent a series of acquisitions, with the section through what would become South Algonquin becoming known as the CN Renfrew Subdivision under the Canadian National Railways. With railway rationalization and the onset of the Great Depression, rail operations through Algonquin Park ceased, and the rails were lifted around 1942. This cut off the through route to Depot Harbour and Parry Sound District in the west, turning the former central part of the Canada Atlantic mainline into a branch line. Operations beyond the wye at Whitney were ended in 1946, with the rails being lifted in 1952. [8]
The Canadian National Railway Renfrew Subdivision was abandoned between Whitney and Renfrew in 1983.
Opeongo River Provincial Park and Upper Madawaska River Provincial Park are in South Algonquin. [4] [5]
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, South Algonquin had a population of 1,055 living in 527 of its 894 total private dwellings, a change of -3.7% from its 2016 population of 1,096. With a land area of 867.73 km2 (335.03 sq mi), it had a population density of 1.2/km2 (3.1/sq mi) in 2021. [9]
Algonquin Provincial Park is an Ontario provincial park located between Georgian Bay and the Ottawa River, mostly within the Unorganized South Part of Nipissing District. Established in 1893, it is the oldest provincial park in Canada. Additions since its creation have increased the park to its current size of about 7,653 km2 (2,955 sq mi). The park is contiguous with several smaller, administratively separate provincial parks that protect important rivers in the area, resulting in a larger total protected area.
Arnprior is a town in Renfrew County, Ontario, Canada.
The Opeongo River is a river in the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin in Nipissing District in northeastern Ontario, Canada. The river is entirely within Algonquin Provincial Park and Opeongo River Provincial Park, except for a small portion around Victoria Lake, and is a left tributary of the Madawaska River.
Opeongo Lake is a lake in the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin in the geographic townships of Bower, Dickson, Preston and Sproule in the Unorganized South Part of Nipissing District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is the largest lake in Algonquin Provincial Park and the source of the Opeongo River. The lake's name comes from the Algonquian word opeauwingauk meaning "sandy narrows".
Head, Clara and Maria, officially the United Townships of Head, Clara and Maria, is a municipality and incorporated township in Renfrew County in eastern Ontario, Canada, It is on the Ottawa River and on the northern edge of Algonquin Park.
Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons since 1979.
King's Highway 60, commonly referred to as Highway 60, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The 255.8-kilometre (158.9 mi) highway serves as the primary corridor through Algonquin Provincial Park, where it is dedicated as the Frank McDougall Parkway. East of Algonquin Park, the route serves east–west traffic in the highlands of central Ontario. It begins at Highway 11 in Huntsville and ends at Highway 17 near Renfrew.
Brent is a community on Cedar Lake on the Petawawa River in northern Algonquin Provincial Park and is located in geographic Deacon Township in the unorganized south part of Nipissing District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada.
The Municipality of Callander is a township in central Ontario, Canada, located at the southeast end of Lake Nipissing in the Almaguin Highlands region of the District of Parry Sound. The municipality is located on Callander Bay, just south of North Bay.
Killaloe is a town located in Renfrew County, Ontario, Canada in the township of Killaloe, Hagarty and Richards. Geographically it is located in Eastern Ontario. The shores of Golden Lake are located 3 km (1.9 mi) to the east, which is well known for quality angling and year-round recreation. The present day town is located about 1 km (0.62 mi) north of the former townsite of "Old Killaloe". In 2001, the town had a population of 660.
Opeongo River Provincial Park is a waterway park in Nipissing District in northeastern Ontario, Canada. It incorporates those portions of the Opeongo River from its exit from Algonquin Provincial Park to the river's mouth at the Madawaska River, except for a small portion around Victoria Lake. The park has two access points: from Ontario Highway 60 west of the community of Madawaska; and the Shall Lake access point, north of Victoria Lake, in Algonquin Provincial Park.
Barry's Bay is a community in the township of Madawaska Valley, Ontario, Canada, located two hours west of Ottawa on the shores of Kamaniskeg Lake, with a 2021 population of 1,084.
The Nosbonsing and Nipissing Railway (N&N) was a portage railway constructed by Ottawa lumber baron John Rudolphus Booth. The 5.5-mile (8.9 km) line connected Lake Nipissing with Lake Nosbonsing to allow lumber to be portaged onto the Mattawa River, and from there to the Ottawa River. It allowed timber from a wide area across central Ontario to be sent to Booth's mill in Ottawa, at that time the largest sawmill in the world.
The Ottawa, Arnprior and Parry Sound Railway, or OA&PS, is a historic railway that operated in central and eastern Ontario, Canada, from 1897 to 1959. It was for a time the busiest railway route in Canada, carrying both timber and wood products from today's Algonquin Provincial Park areas, as well as up to 40% of the grain traffic from the Canadian west from Depot Harbour at Parry Sound through to the St. Lawrence River valley.
North Algona Wilberforce is a township municipality in Renfrew County, Ontario, Canada. It has a population of 3,111. The township was formed in 1999 when the North Algona and Wilberforce townships were amalgamated.
Bark Lake is a lake on the border between the Township of Madawaska Valley in Renfrew County and the Township of South Algonquin, in Nipissing District in Ontario, Canada. It lies near Madawaska, Ontario, on the Madawaska River where the tributary Opeongo River joins.
Chamberlain is a township in the Canadian province of Ontario, located within the Timiskaming District.
The Opeongo Hills are a range of hills in Southern Ontario, near Algonquin Provincial Park. The hills stretch from Opeongo Lake in Algonquin Park in the west, along the Madawaska and Opeongo Rivers, towards the Opeongo Colonization Road, and extending towards the Deacon Escarpment, Bonnechere, Ontario, and Dacre in the east. To the east of the Opeongo Hills lie the Madawaska River valley, the Mississippi River Valley, and the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben along the Ottawa River. Its tallest peak is roughly 7 km northeast of Highway 60. At roughly 586 meters, it is the tallest point in Southern Ontario. The community of Foymount is one of the highest settlements in Southern Ontario.
The Ottawa River timber trade, also known as the Ottawa Valley timber trade or Ottawa River lumber trade, was the nineteenth century production of wood products by Canada on areas of the Ottawa River and the regions of the Ottawa Valley and western Quebec, destined for British and American markets. It was the major industry of the historical colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada and it created an entrepreneur known as a lumber baron. The trade in squared timber and later sawed lumber led to population growth and prosperity to communities in the Ottawa Valley, especially the city of Bytown. The product was chiefly red and white pine.The Ottawa River being conveniently located with access via the St. Lawrence River, was a valuable region due to its great pine forests surpassing any others nearby. The industry lasted until around 1900 as both markets and supplies decreased, it was then reoriented to the production of wood pulp which continued until the late 1990s and early 2000s.
The Whitney and Opeongo Railway (W&OR) was a logging railway in Ontario, Canada. It ran from Opeongo Lake to Whitney, where it connected to the Canada Atlantic Railway (CAR), running a total distance of about 14 miles (23 km). It opened in 1902 and closed in the 1920s with the end of major logging operations in the area.