Stemona

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Stemona
Stemona curtisii CBM.png
Stemona curtisii [1]
ManShengBaiBu.JPG
Stemona japonica
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Pandanales
Family: Stemonaceae
Genus: Stemona
Lour.
Synonyms [2]
  • RoxburghiaRoxb.

Stemona is a genus of vines and subshrubs in the family Stemonaceae, described as a genus in 1790. [3] [4]

Contents

Stemona is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Papuasia, and northern Australia. [2] [5]

Species

Fossil record

2 fossil seeds of †Stemona germanica from the early Miocene, have been found in the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia, the Czech Republic. Fossil seeds of Stemona germanica have also been recorded from the nearby Hartau in Germany. Stemona fossil seeds are recorded from many European sites ranging in ages from the Maastrichtian to the Late Miocene. [6]

Cultivation and uses

Stemona tuberosa (Chinese: 百部; pinyin: bǎi bù), is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine.

Stemofoline [7] alkaloids occur in the stems and leaves of Stemona species, particularly S. japonica and have been investigated for use as pharmacological and pesticidal compounds. [8] [9] [10] The chemical structure of the insecticide flupyradifurone was inspired by stemofoline. [11]

References

  1. ↑ 1892 illustration by J.N. Fitch (d. 1927) - Curtis's Botanical Magazine v.118 [ser. 3:v.48] (1892)
  2. 1 2 "Stemona". Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
  3. ↑ de Loureiro J (1790). Flora cochinchinensis : sistens plantas in regno Cochinchina nascentes. Quibus accedunt aliae observatae in Sinensi imperio, Africa Orientali, Indiaeque locis variis. Omnes dispositae secundum systema sexuale Linnaeanum [Flora cochinchinensis : consisting of plants growing in the kingdom of Cochinchina. To which are added others observed in the Chinese empire, East Africa, and various places in India. All arranged according to the sexual system of Linnaeus.] (in Latin). Vol. 2. pp. 401, 404.
  4. ↑ "Stemona Lour". Tropicos.
  5. ↑ "百部属 bai bu shu Stemona Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 401, 404. 1790". Flora of China. p. 70.
  6. ↑ Holý F, Kvaček Z, Teodoridis V (2012). "A Review of the Early Miocene Mastixioid Flora of the Kristina Mine at Hrádek Nad Nisou in North Bohemia (The Czech Republic)" (PDF). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B-Historia Naturalis. 68 (3–4): 53–118.
  7. ↑ Irie H, Masaki N, Ohno K, Osaki K, Taga T, Uyeo S (1970). "The crystal structure of a new alkaloid, stemofoline, from Stemona japonica". Journal of the Chemical Society D: Chemical Communications (17): 1066. doi:10.1039/c29700001066.
  8. ↑ Yamamoto I, ed. (1999). Nicotinoid Insecticides and the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor. p. 46. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-67933-2. ISBN   978-4-431-68011-6. S2CID   34374399.
  9. ↑ Tang CP, Chen T, Velten R, Jeschke P, Ebbinghaus-Kintscher U, Geibel S, et al. (January 2008). "Alkaloids from stems and leaves of Stemona japonica and their insecticidal activities". Journal of Natural Products. 71 (1): 112–116. Bibcode:2008JNAtP..71..112T. doi:10.1021/np070427k. PMID   18163592.
  10. ↑ Huang XZ, Gao LH, Huang PQ (October 2020). "Enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-stemofoline and three congeners based on a biogenetic hypothesis". Nature Communications. 11 (1) 5314. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5314H. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19163-4 . PMC   7576163 . PMID   33082332.
  11. ↑ Nauen R, Jeschke P, Velten R, Beck ME, Ebbinghaus-Kintscher U, Thielert W, et al. (June 2015). "Flupyradifurone: a brief profile of a new butenolide insecticide". Pest Management Science. 71 (6): 850–862. Bibcode:2015PMSci..71..850N. doi:10.1002/ps.3932. PMC   4657471 . PMID   25351824.
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