Taylor & Francis

Last updated

Taylor & Francis
Taylor & Francis logo.svg
Parent company Informa
StatusActive
Founded1852;172 years ago (1852)
FounderWilliam Francis, Richard Taylor
Country of originUnited Kingdom
Headquarters location Milton Park, Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire United Kingdom
Distribution Bookpoint (Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia)
self-distributed (the Americas) [1]
Key peopleDami Patel
(Supervisory Chair and Group HR Director) [2]
Jeremy North
(Managing Director, Advanced Learning) [3]
Leon Heward-Mills
(Managing Director, Researcher Services) [4]
Alex Robinson
(Chief Commercial Officer) [5]
Publication types Peer-reviewed books & journals
Nonfiction topics Humanities, Social Science, Behavioural Science, Education, Law, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, Medicine
Fiction genres Non-Fiction. Academic & Scholarly.
Imprints Routledge (Humanities, Social science, Education & Law); Taylor & Francis, CRC Press & Garland Science (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics)
Revenue£593.6m in 2022 with an adjusted operating margin of 34.9%. [6]
£559.6M in 2019 [7]
No. of employees1,600 [8]
Official website taylorandfrancis.com
Former logo of Taylor & Francis, from a 1900 publication Taylor and Francis logo, (The Ibis, 1900).jpg
Former logo of Taylor & Francis, from a 1900 publication
Routledge/Taylor & Francis at an American academic conference, 2008 ASA conference 2008 - 17.JPG
Routledge/Taylor & Francis at an American academic conference, 2008
Taylor & Francis at the University of London School of Advanced Study History Day, 2017 Taylor & Francis at the School of Advanced Study History Day Oct. 2017 03.jpg
Taylor & Francis at the University of London School of Advanced Study History Day, 2017

Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals. Its parts include Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, Routledge, F1000 Research and Dovepress. [9] It is a division of Informa plc, a United Kingdom-based publisher and conference company. [10]

Contents

Overview

Founding

The company was founded in 1852 when William Francis joined Richard Taylor in his publishing business. Taylor had founded his company in 1798. Their subjects covered agriculture, chemistry, education, engineering, geography, law, mathematics, medicine, and social sciences. [11]

Francis's son, Richard Taunton Francis (1883–1930), was sole partner in the firm from 1917 to 1930. [12]

Acquisitions and mergers

In 1965, Taylor & Francis launched Wykeham Publications and began book publishing. T&F acquired Hemisphere Publishing in 1988, and the company was renamed Taylor & Francis Group to reflect the growing number of imprints. Taylor & Francis left the printing business in 1990, to concentrate on publishing. In 1998 it went public on the London Stock Exchange and in the same year bought its academic publishing rival Routledge for £90 million. [13] Acquisition of other publishers has remained a core part of the group's business strategy. [13] It merged with Informa in 2004 to create a new company called T&F Informa, since renamed back to Informa. [13] Following the merger, T&F closed the historic Routledge office at New Fetter Lane in London, and moved to its current headquarters in Milton Park, Oxfordshire. [14]

F1000 Research logo F1000 logo.png
F1000 Research logo

In 2017, T&F sold assets from its Garland Science imprint to W. W. Norton & Company and then ceased to use that brand. [15] [16] In 2017, after collaborating for several years, T&F bought specialist digital resources company Colwiz. [17] [18] In January 2020, T&F bought open research publishing platform F1000. [19]

Activities

In 2018 Informa PLC reported that Taylor & Francis publishes more than 2,700 journals, and about 7,000 new books each year, with a backlist of over 140,000 titles available in print and digital formats. [16] It uses the Routledge imprint for its publishing in humanities, social sciences, behavioural sciences, law and education, and the CRC Press imprint for its publishing in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. [16]

As the academic publishing arm of Informa, Taylor & Francis Group accounted for 30.2% of group revenue and 38.1% of adjusted profit in 2017. [16] Taylor & Francis is generally considered the smallest of the 'Big Four' science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) publishers (Reed-Elsevier, Wiley-Blackwell, Springer, and Taylor & Francis). [20] Informa (including the Taylor & Francis imprint) was ranked by Simba Information as the leading global academic publisher in the areas of humanities and social sciences, in Global Social Science & Humanities Publishing 2016-2020. [21]

The company's journals are delivered through the Taylor & Francis Online website [22] and its ebooks through the Taylor & Francis website. [23] Taylor & Francis offers Open Access publishing options in both its books [24] and journals. [25] [16] Its digital content services include Routledge Handbooks Online, [26] the Routledge Performance Archive, [27] and the Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism. [28]

Taylor & Francis is a member of several professional publishing bodies including the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association, [29] the International Association of Scientific, Technical, and Medical Publishers, [30] the Association of Learned & Professional Society Publishers [31] and The Publishers Association. [32]

Taylor & Francis is a signatory of the SDG Publishers Compact, [33] [34] and has taken steps to support the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These include replacing plastic with responsibly-sourced paper packaging to mail journals [35] and achieving CarbonNeutral® publication certification for their print books and journals. [36]

The old Taylor and Francis logo depicts a hand pouring oil into a lit lamp, along with the Latin phrase alere flammam – "to feed the flame [of knowledge]". The modern logo is a stylised oil lamp in a circle. [29]

Company figures

The group has about 1,800 employees [37] in at least 18 offices worldwide. Its head office is in Milton Park, Abingdon in the United Kingdom, with other offices in Stockholm, Leiden, New York, Boca Raton, Philadelphia, Kentucky, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Hong Kong, Beijing, Shanghai, Taipei, Melbourne, Sydney, Cape Town, Tokyo and New Delhi. [37] [38]

Taylor & Francis reported a mean 2017 gender pay gap of 24.2% for its UK workforce, while the median was 8%. The fact that the average pay for women is significantly worse than the median pay (compared to men's) shows that women are underrepresented in the positions with the highest pay. [39]

Evaluation and controversies

As of May 2022, 836 Taylor & Francis journals are listed in the Norwegian Scientific Index of which 753 have a rating of "level 1" (meets academic standard), 70 have a rating "level 2" (the highest level, indicating rigorous academic quality), one has a rating of "level X" (decision on rating in progress), and 13 have a rating of "level 0" (indicating non-academic quality). [40]

Taylor & Francis has faced criticism for its use of author licensing agreements, [41] and several of their journals have been criticized or retracted papers due to concerns over review and publishing practices. [42] [43]

Journal protests

In 2013, the entire board of the Journal of Library Administration resigned in a dispute over author licensing agreements. [41]

Academic practices

In 2016, Critical Reviews in Toxicology was accused by the Center for Public Integrity of being a "broker of junk science". [44] Monsanto was found to have worked with an outside consulting firm to induce the journal to publish a biased review of the health effects of its product "Roundup". [45]

In 2017, Taylor & Francis was strongly criticized for removing the editor-in-chief of International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health , who accepted articles critical of corporate interests. The company replaced the editor with a corporate consultant without consulting the editorial board. [46]

In 2017 as part of the Grievance studies affair hoax articles, the T&F journal Cogent Social Sciences accepted one of "The conceptual penis as a social construct" that had previously been rejected by another Taylor & Francis journal, Norma: International Journal for Masculinity Studies , which suggested the study would be a good fit for Cogent Social Sciences. [47] [48] When the authors announced the hoax, the article was retracted. [49] In 2018, another Grievance studies affair article "Human reactions to rape culture and queer performativity at urban dog parks in Portland, Oregon" was published in Gender, Place & Culture , which was also retracted later that year. [43] [50]

In December 2018, the journal Dynamical Systems accepted the paper Saturation of Generalized Partially Hyperbolic Attractors only to have it retracted after publication due to the Iranian nationality of the authors. The European Mathematical Society condemned the retraction and later announced that Taylor & Francis had agreed to reverse the decision. [51] Previous instances of Taylor & Francis journals discriminating against Iranian authors were reported in 2013. [52] [53]

In 2022 there has been much debate about the Accelerated Publication service offered by Taylor & Francis for some of its biomedical journals. [54] [55] For $7,000, a scientist can expedite the peer review process and be published in as few as three weeks. [42]

Manipulation of bibliometrics

Self-citation is a practise that can inflate the seeming prestige of a journal or group. In 2020, six T&F journals that exhibited unusual levels of self-citation, and as a consequence their journal impact factor suspended from Journal Citation Reports . [56] An April 2022 article in the T&F journal Accountability in Research outlined some of the factors leading to consistent suspension from Journal Citation Reports. [57]

Acquired companies and discontinued imprints

See also

Related Research Articles

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The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Press has been a pioneer in the Open Access movement in academic publishing and publishes a number of academic journals. The organization also operates the MIT Press Bookstore, which is one of the few retail bookstores run by a university publisher.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Routledge</span> British multinational academic publisher

Routledge is a British multinational publisher. It was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, and specialises in providing academic books, journals and online resources in the fields of the humanities, behavioural science, education, law, and social science. The company publishes approximately 1,800 journals and 5,000 new books each year and their backlist encompasses over 140,000 titles. Routledge is claimed to be the largest global academic publisher within humanities and social sciences.

The CRC Press, LLC is an American publishing group that specializes in producing technical books. Many of their books relate to engineering, science and mathematics. Their scope also includes books on business, forensics and information technology. CRC Press is now a division of Taylor & Francis, itself a subsidiary of Informa.

F1000 is an open research publisher for scientists, scholars, and clinical researchers. F1000 offers a different research evaluation service from standard academic journals by offering peer-review after, rather than before, publishing a research article. Initially, F1000 was named after the 1,000 faculty members that performed peer-reviews, but over time F1000 expanded to more than 8,000 members. When F1000 was acquired by Taylor & Francis Group in January 2020, it kept the publishing services. F1000Prime and F1000 Workspace were acquired by different brands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sage Publishing</span> Independent academic publishing company

Sage Publishing, formerly SAGE Publications, is an American independent academic publishing company, founded in 1965 in New York City by Sara Miller McCune and now based in the Newbury Park neighborhood of Thousand Oaks, California.

Maney Publishing was an independent academic publishing company that was taken over by Taylor & Francis in 2015. Maney Publishing specialised in peer-reviewed academic journals in materials science and engineering, the humanities, and health science. Maney published extensively for learned societies, universities, and professional bodies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wiley-Blackwell</span> Journal publishing business of John Wiley & Sons

Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Hachette Book Group (HBG) is a publishing company owned by Hachette Livre, the largest publishing company in France, and the third largest trade and educational publisher in the world. Hachette Livre is a wholly owned subsidiary of Lagardère Group. HBG was formed when Hachette Livre purchased the Time Warner Book Group from Time Warner on March 31, 2006. Its headquarters are located at 1290 Avenue of the Americas, Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Hachette is considered one of the "big five" publishing companies, along with Holtzbrinck/Macmillan, Penguin Random House, HarperCollins, and Simon & Schuster. In one year, HBG publishes approximately 1400+ adult books, 300 books for young readers, and 450 audiobook titles. In 2017, the company had 167 books on the New York Times bestseller list, 34 of which reached No. 1.

Informa plc is a British publishing, business intelligence, and exhibitions group based in London, England. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

Haworth Press was a publisher of scholarly, academic and trade books, and approximately 200 peer-reviewed academic journals. It was founded in 1978 by the publishing industry executives Bill Cohen and Patrick Mcloughlin. The name was taken from the township of Haworth in England, the home of the Brontë sisters. Many of the Haworth publications cover very specialized material, ranging from mental health, occupational therapy, psychology, psychiatry, addiction studies, social work, interdisciplinary social sciences, library & information science, LGBT studies, agriculture, pharmaceutical science, health care, medicine, and other fields.

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Transaction Publishers was a New Jersey-based publishing house that specialized in social science books and journals. It was located on the Livingston Campus of Rutgers University. Transaction was sold to Taylor & Francis in 2016 and merged with its Routledge imprint.

Ashgate Publishing was an academic book and journal publisher based in Farnham. It was established in 1967 and specialised in the social sciences, arts, humanities and professional practice. It had an American office in Burlington, Vermont, and another British office in London. It is now a subsidiary of Informa.

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Fitzroy Dearborn was an American publisher of academic library reference titles with offices in London and Chicago. It was acquired by Taylor & Francis as an imprint of Routledge Reference in 2002, before Taylor & Francis merged with Informa.

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Pickering & Chatto is an imprint of Routledge which publishes in the humanities and social sciences, specializing in monographs, critical editions and thematic source collections. Pickering & Chatto's academic monographs have an international reputation and its critical editions and source collections are critically acclaimed. Pickering & Chatto is regarded as "the pre-eminent publisher of critical editions in the humanities and social sciences".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vitek Tracz</span>

Vitek Tracz is a London-based entrepreneur who has been involved in science publishing, pharmaceutical information and mobile phone-based navigation.

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Further reading