Harry Ransom Center | |
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![]() The Harry Ransom Center, June 2012 | |
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Country | US |
Type | Academic library |
Established | 1957 |
Location | Austin, Texas |
Coordinates | 30°17′04″N97°44′28″W / 30.28450841102327°N 97.741017154097°W |
Other information | |
Affiliation | University of Texas at Austin |
Website | www |
The Harry Ransom Center (until 1983 the Humanities Research Center) is an archive, library and museum at the University of Texas at Austin, specializing in the collection of literary and cultural artifacts from the Americas and Europe for the purpose of advancing the study of the arts and humanities. The Ransom Center houses 36 million literary manuscripts, one million rare books, five million photographs, and more than 100,000 works of art. [1]
The center has a reading room for scholars and galleries which display rotating exhibitions of works and objects from the collections. In the 2015–16 academic year, the center hosted nearly 6,000 research visits resulting in the publication of over 145 books. [2]
Harry Ransom founded the Humanities Research Center in 1957 with the ambition of expanding the rare books and manuscript holdings of the University of Texas. He acquired the Edward Alexander Parsons Collection, [3] the T. Edward Hanley Collection, [4] and the Norman Bel Geddes Collection. [5] [6]
Ransom was only the official director of the center from 1958 to 1961, but he directed and presided over a period of great expansion in the collections until his resignation in 1971 as chancellor of the University of Texas System. The center moved into its current building in 1972.
F. Warren Roberts was the official director from 1961 to 1976 and acquired the Helmut Gernsheim Collection of photographs, the archives of D. H. Lawrence, John Steinbeck, and Evelyn Waugh, and in 1968 the Carlton Lake Collection. [7]
After Roberts's tenure, John Payne and then Carlton Lake served as interim directors from 1976 to 1980. It was during this time (in 1978) that the center acquired its complete copy of the Gutenberg Bible.
In 1980, the center hired Decherd Turner as director. Turner acquired the Giorgio Uzielli Collection of Aldine editions, [8] the Anne Sexton archive, the Robert Lee Wolff Collection of 19th-century fiction, the Pforzheimer Collection, [9] the David O. Selznick archive, the Gloria Swanson archive, and the Ernest Lehman Collection. [10] Upon Decherd Turner's retirement in 1988, Thomas F. Staley became director of the center. [11] Staley had acquired the Woodward and Bernstein Watergate Papers, [12] a copy of the Plantin Polyglot Bible, and more than 100 literary archives. In September 2013, Stephen Enniss was appointed director of the Ransom Center. Enniss was formerly the Head Librarian of the Folger Shakespeare Library. [13] Under Enniss, the Ransom Center has continued to collect several archives, including Kazuo Ishiguro, [14] Arthur Miller [15] and Ian McEwan. [16]
In 1983, the institution's name was changed from the Humanities Research Center to the Harry Ransom Center. [17]
Two prominent items in the Ransom Center's collections are a Gutenberg Bible [18] [19] (one of only 21 complete copies known to exist) and Nicéphore Niépce's c. 1826 View from the Window at Le Gras , the first successful permanent photograph from nature. Both of these objects are on permanent display in the main lobby.
Beyond these, the center houses many culturally important documents and artifacts. Particular strengths include modern literature, performing arts, [20] and photography. [21] Besides the Gutenberg Bible and the photograph, notable holdings include:
Extensive manuscript collections of George Atherton Aitken, Julia Alvarez, Julian Barnes, Marthe Bibesco, Elizabeth Bowen, T. C. Boyle, Lewis Carroll, J. M. Coetzee, Billy Collins, Aleister Crowley, Don DeLillo, Gabriel García Márquez, Erle Stanley Gardner, Graham Greene, Kazuo Ishiguro, James Joyce, D. H. Lawrence, T. E. Lawrence, Doris Lessing, Norman Mailer, Carson McCullers, Ian McEwan, McSweeney's, Brian Moore, Anne Sexton, David Foster Wallace, and T.H. White.
The Gutenberg Bible was the earliest major book printed using mass-produced movable metal type in Europe. It marked the start of the "Gutenberg Revolution" and the age of printed books in the West. The book is valued and revered for its high aesthetic and artistic qualities as well as its historical significance. It is an edition of the Latin Vulgate printed in the 1450s by Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, in present-day Germany. Forty-nine copies have survived. They are thought to be among the world's most valuable books, although no complete copy has been sold since 1978. In March 1455, the future Pope Pius II wrote that he had seen pages from the Gutenberg Bible displayed in Frankfurt to promote the edition, and that either 158 or 180 copies had been printed.
Norman Bel Geddes was an American theatrical and industrial designer.
Richard Garnett C.B. was a scholar, librarian, biographer and poet. He was son of Richard Garnett, an author, philologist and assistant keeper of printed books in the British Museum, i.e. what is now the British Library.
Melvyn Hayes "Mel" Gussow was an American theater critic, movie critic, and author who wrote for The New York Times for 35 years.
Curtis Hidden Page was a United States educator and writer.
Henry Seidel Canby was a critic, editor, and Yale University professor.
Carlton Munro Lake was an American literary critic, book collector, and library administrator. He is most notable for having accumulated the Carlton Lake Collection of research materials in French literature, which he donated to the Harry Ransom Center of the University of Texas at Austin. Lake was the director and executive curator of the Harry Ransom Center from 1978 to 2003. The Carlton Lake Collection is widely considered to be the best collection of research materials in French literature outside of France.
George L. Aiken was a 19th-century American playwright and actor best known for writing the most popular of the numerous stage adaptations of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin.
The Vision and the Voice is a book by Aleister Crowley (1875–1947). It chronicles the mystical journey of the author as he explored the 30 Enochian aethyrs originally developed by John Dee and Edward Kelley in the 16th century. These visions took place at two times: in 1900 during his stay in Mexico, and later in 1909 in Algeria in the company of poet Victor Benjamin Neuburg. Of all his works, Crowley considered this book to be second in importance behind The Book of the Law, the text that established his religious and philosophical system of Thelema in 1904. It was first published in 1911.
The Yale University Library is the library system of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. Originating in 1701 with the gift of several dozen books to a new "Collegiate School," the library's collection now contains approximately 14.9 million volumes housed in fifteen university buildings and is the fourth-largest academic library in North America.
Artine Artinian was a distinguished French literature scholar of Armenian descent, notable for his valuable collection of French literary manuscripts and artwork. He was immortalized as a fictional character by his Bard colleague Mary McCarthy in the novel The Groves of Academe (1952) and by his friend Gore Vidal in the play The Best Man (1960).
View from the Window at Le Gras is a heliographic image and the oldest surviving camera photograph. It was created by French inventor Nicéphore Niépce in 1826 in Saint-Loup-de-Varennes, France, and shows parts of the buildings and surrounding countryside of his estate, Le Gras, as seen from a high window.
Harry Huntt Ransom was a faculty member and administrator at the University of Texas, becoming the university's president in 1960, and ultimately served as the chancellor of the University of Texas System from 1961 to 1971.
Selwa Carmen Showker "Lucky" Roosevelt was Chief of Protocol of the United States for almost seven years from 1982-1989—longer than anyone else has ever served in that position.
Harold Wayne Billings was an American librarian, editor and author best known for his role in developing national and state library networking and resource sharing among libraries.
Jessie Belle Rittenhouse Scollard, daughter of John Edward and Mary (MacArthur) Rittenhouse, was a literary critic, compiler of anthologies, and poet.
Thomas James Wise was a bibliophile who collected the Ashley Library, now housed by the British Library, and later became known for the literary forgeries he printed and sold.
Princeton University Library is the main library system of Princeton University. With holdings of more than 7 million books, 6 million microforms, and 48,000 linear feet of manuscripts, it is among the largest libraries in the world by number of volumes. The main headquarters of the university system is the Harvey S. Firestone Memorial Library building, named after tire magnate Harvey Firestone. Additionally, Princeton is part of the Research Collections and Preservation Consortium (ReCAP) along with Columbia Libraries, Harvard Library and New York Public Library.
Decherd H. Turner was an American bibliophile, ordained Presbyterian minister, director of S.M.U.'s Bridwell Library, and director of U.T.'s Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, known for acquiring rare books, manuscripts, and other archival materials.
Mary Horgan Mowbray-Clarke (1874–1962) was an American art critic, writer, publisher, instructor, landscape architect, and the proprietor of The Sunwise Turn, a hotbed of artistic activity and anarchist political thought in New York City during the nineteen-teens and twenties. She was also the wife of John Frederick Mowbray-Clarke, a sculptor who helped organize of the influential 1913 Armory Show exhibition of modern art.