Terrorism in Davao City

Moro conflict, War on Terror, Communist armed conflicts in the Philippines
President Rodrigo Duterte visits the blast site of the Roxas Night Market bombing in 2016
Date 19 April 1981 – present Location Davao City, the Philippines 7°11′27″N125°27′19″E / 7.1907°N 125.4553°E / 7.1907; 125.4553 Status Ongoing

Multiple terrorist attacks have occurred in Davao City metropolitan area during the 20th and 21st centuries. Despite Davao City being consistently ranked as the safest city in the Philippines and one of the safest cities in Southeast Asia, its location in the restive Mindanao region has resulted in several terrorist attacks linked to ongoing jihadist insurgencies, as well as left-wing extremism, within the city and in its surrounding areas.

List of militant groups active in Davao City

The following militant groups are alleged to have been involved in terrorist related incidents in Davao City and its surrounding areas:

Name	Active regions	Conflicts	Ideology	Motives	Modus Operandi	Notes
Moro Islamic Liberation Front	Mindanao	Moro conflict	Islamism	Independence for the Bangsamoro region	Guerrilla warfare Urban terrorism Sabotage	Fought an insurgency from the late 1960's that resulted in thousands of deaths. Declared a permanent ceasefire in 2014.
Abu Sayyaf	Philippines Malaysia	Moro conflict War on Terror Siege of Marawi	Islamic Statism Salafi jihadism	Establish a global Islamic caliphate through armed struggle.	Urban terrorism Kidnappings Beheadings	Considered more of a criminal group than a militant organization due to numerous kidnap-for-ransom incidents.
Maute group	Lanao del Sur Maguindanao del Sur	Siege of Marawi	Salafi jihadism	Establish a global Islamic caliphate through armed struggle.	Urban terrorism Guerrilla warfare	Composed mostly of former Moro Islamic Liberation Front guerrillas and foreign Jihadists.
Jemaah Islamiyah	Southeast Asia	Moro conflict War on Terror	Salafi jihadism	Establishment of an Islamic state throughout Southeast Asia.	Urban terrorism Suicide Bombing	Launched numerous attacks within the Philippines as well as training local terrorist groups in bomb making. Disbanded in 2024.
New People's Army	Philippines	New People's Army rebellion	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism	Establishment of a People's Democratic Government through a proletarian revolution	Urban terrorism Guerrilla warfare Sabotage	The armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines.

List of terrorist related incidents

The following is a list of notable terrorist related incidents in Davao City. They are arranged in chronological order.

1980's

• 19 April 1981: a grenade attack during Easter Sunday mass at San Pedro Cathedral kills 17 people and injures over 150 others. Two young Marxists suspected of carrying out the attack were later arrested. ^{[1] [2]}
• 27 August 1987: the New People's Army attacked the DXMF-AM radio station in Ma-a and the DXRA radio station in Matina Crossing, in an apparent retaliation for broadcasting criticism of group, killing 9 people. ^[3]

1990's

• January 1990: the New People's Army bombs the U.S. Cultural Center in Davao City. ^[4]
• July 1990: the New People's Army open fire with assault rifles on the U.S. Cultural Center in Davao City during a drive by shooting. ^[4]
• 27 December 1993: a grenade attack on San Pedro Cathedral kills 6 people and injures over 130 others. ^[2] A whistleblower would later allege that the then Mayor of Davao Rodrigo Duterte ordered vigilantes to bomb local mosques in retaliation. ^[5]
• 17 February 1999: the New People's Army kidnap Philippine Military officers Brigadier general Victor Obillo and Captain Eduardo Montealto on the outskirts of Davao City, and demand the release from prison of Amado Payot (responsible for the Rano massacre) for their safe return. ^[6]

2000's

• 30 September 2000: a New People's Army ambush on a military convoy in Paquibato District kills 4 soldiers and 5 civilians ^[7]
• 16 May 2002: an explosion at Evergreen Hotel in the room of 67-year-old American citizen Michael Meiring results in him being rushed to hospital and thereafter whisked out of the country by individuals claiming to be American federal agents. Investigations later determined the blast to have been caused by an improvised explosive device.These mysterious circumstances resulted in conspiracy theories that Meiring was responsible for false flag operations that utilized staged terrorist atrocities to destabilize the Mindanao region, with the intent to justify increased military operations against the MILF and thus incentivize an increased US military presence in the Philippines during the War on Terror. ^{[8] [9]}
• 4 March 2003: the Davao City airport bombing kills 22 people and injures over 100 others, after a suicide bomber attacks the main arrivals hall. Authorities allege the bombing was carried out by Moro Islamic Liberation Front operatives, with the assistance of Jemaah Islamiyah, in retaliation for the death of over 160 MILF members during the Battle of the Buliok Complex a few weeks earlier. A separate explosion was also reported at the Ecoland Bus Terminal in downtown Davao around the same time as the attack on the airport.
• 2 April 2003: an improvised explosive device left under a food stall table kills 17 civilians and injures over 50 others in the Sasa ferry terminal bombing. Authorities believe the same group of MILF and Jemaah Islamiyah members who earlier attacked the airport are responsible, and a senior JI leader named Zulkifli Abdhir was later accused of directing both attacks. In the immediate aftermath of the explosion at Sasa wharf, a series of retaliatory attacks were carried out on mosques throughout Davao City, with grenades and assault rifles being used in several incidents.
• 28 March 2004: the New People's Army launch a large scale attack an army patrol base in Davao City. Two members of the Civilian Active Auxiliary are wounded in the near four-hour gun battle that followed. ^[10]
• 14 February 2005: a series of coordinated bomb attacks throughout the Philippines, known as the Valentine's Day bombings, result in a 12-year-old boy being killed and 5 other being wounded at the Davao City Overland Transport Terminal in Talomo district. The Abu Sayyaf claimed responsibility for the explosions, calling them a "Valentine's Day gift to Mrs. Arroyo".

2010's

• 15 March 2010: a soldier was killed and two others injured after a truck carrying members of the Philippine Army was bombed by the New People's Army while driving through the Paquibato district. ^[11]
• 19 April 2012: three soldiers are and killed two are wounded in a New People's Army I.E.D. attack on a military convoy in Barangay Marilog. ^[12]
• 14 December 2012: a Malaysian member of Jemaah Islamiyah, who is subsequently identified as Mohammad Noor Fikrie bin Abdul Kahar from Kedah, is shot dead by a S.W.A.T team sniper outside the Apo View Hotel in Poblacion District, after he had threated to detonate an I.E.D. made from a 60-millimeter mortar round when confronted by police. ^{[13] [14]}
• 17 September 2013: cinemas at the SM City mall and the Gaisano Mall are bombed 22 minutes apart from each other, resulting in five people being taken to hospital with minor injuries. ^[15]
• 28 January 2015: the New People's Army rebels killed a soldier of the 69th Infantry Battalion during an ambush in the Paquibato district. ^[16]
• 22 September 2015: Abu Sayyaf militants kidnap four people at gunpoint from the Holiday Oceanview resort on Samal Island. They were later taken to Jolo, where two hostages (Canadian's Robert Hall and John Ridsdel) are eventually beheaded after the group's ransom demands were not met. ^{[17] [18]}
• 2 September 2016: an I.E.D. explosion causes 15 deaths and 70 injuries in the Roxas Night Market attack. The I.E.D. consisted of a mortar shell fitted with a remote detonator, similar to the device used in the 2005 Valentine's Day bombings. Authorities blamed the Maute group for the atrocity, and efforts to apprehend the group's leadership would result in the Siege of Marawi the following year.
• 16 February 2017: 2 soldiers are killed and 15 others were wounded in Calinan district after the New People's Army detonate a landmine under a convoy of military vehicles, with 2 NPA rebels being killed in the ensuing firefight. ^[19]
• 25 January 2018: the New People's Army killed First lieutenant Jarren Jay Relota and wounded 2 other soldiers from the 16th Infantry Battalion during an ambush in Paquibato district. ^[20]

See also

• Terrorism in the Philippines
• List of terrorist incidents in the Philippines
• Insurgency in the Philippines
• Moro conflict
• War on terror
• Philippines–United States relations

References

1. "Marcos warns terrorists". Star-News. 21 April 1981. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
2. "6 Killed and 130 Are Wounded In Blasts at Philippine Cathedral". The New York Times . Reuters. 27 December 1993. Archived from the original on 30 January 2012. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
3. Dedace, Sophia (Aug 28, 2009). "Army men in Davao City vow to protect journalists". GMA News . Archived from the original on February 21, 2018. Retrieved Feb 19, 2018.
4. "Fact Sheet: Communist Party of the Philippines and the New People's Army". US Department of State Dispatch (vol. 2, no. 5). Washington, D.C.: United States Department of State. November 11, 1991. pp. 835–836. ISSN   1051-7693 . Retrieved December 7, 2024– via Google Books.
5. "Ex-Davao Death Squad leader - Duterte ordered bombings". CNN. 2 March 2017.
6. dela Cruz, Hernan; et al. (January 15, 2000). "Mindanao in 1999: Still in search for peace and order". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Makati. p. 14. Retrieved December 13, 2024– via Google Books.
7. "5 civilians dead in NPA ambush" PHNO. Oct 2, 2000. Retrieved Feb 26, 2022.
8. "Why Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte Distrusts The U.S." NPR. 11 October 2016.
9. "Bud Dajo: Americans, Filipinos, and Moros". ABS CBN. 16 September 2016.
10. "NPA 'graduates' keep red flag flying". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Makati. Reuters. March 29, 2004. pp. A1, A21. Retrieved December 9, 2024– via Google News Archive.
11. "Soldier dies in military truck bombing in Davao City". Yahoo News. 15 March 2010. Retrieved 15 March 2010.^{[ permanent dead link ‍]}
12. "Three soldiers killed, 2 wounded, in NPA's command-detonated explosion in Marilog; serves as a strong warning". Davao Today. 27 April 2012. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 9 February 2015.
13. "Philippine police kill suspected Malaysian terrorist planning bomb attack in southern city". Fox News. 15 December 2012.
14. "Philippine Agents Kill Suspected Malaysian Terrorist in Davao". Bloomberg. 15 December 2012.
15. "Bomb explosions hit SM City Davao, Gaisano mall - Sun.Star". www.sunstar.com.ph. Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
16. "Paquibato NPA ambush kills army soldier". Davao Today. 28 January 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-02-10. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
17. "Gunmen kidnap tourists and local woman in Philippines". BBC News. 22 September 2015.
18. "Two Canadians were kidnapped and killed in the Philippines. Canada still refuses to negotiate". National Post.
19. Regalado, Edith (18 February 2017). "2 soldiers, 3 communists killed in land mine attack". The Philippine Star . Retrieved 23 February 2017.
20. "Army officer killed, 2 soldiers wounded in Davao City clash". The Manila Times . 26 January 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2018.

External links

• PHILIPPINES: AT LEAST SEVEN PEOPLE KILLED WHEN A BOMB EXPLODED AS PASSENGERS WERE LEAVING A FERRY IN THE CITY OF DAVAO - video of news footage of immediate aftermath of 2003 Davao City Sasa ferry terminal bombing (Reuters)
• Suspected JI member shot dead in Davao - video of news footage of immediate aftermath of 2012 shooting of Jemaah Islamiyah bomber by S.W.A.T sniper in Davao City (ABS CBN)
• IED na sumabog sa Roxas Night Market, posibleng gawa raw ng mga sinanay ni Marwan - video of news footage of immediate aftermath of 2016 Davao City Roxas Night Market bombing (GMA News)