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References
- ↑ Charlene Bangs Bickford, Kenneth R. Bowling (Jan 1, 1989). Birth of the Nation: The First Federal Congress, 1789-1791 . Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0945612141.
Although the cartoon must have shocked New Yorkers almost as much as it did those who in the succeeding two centuries have apparently destroyed all copies of it, its powerful message reminds us that even George Washington was not above criticism of his contemporaries.
- ↑ Stephen Hess, Milton Kaplan (1968). The Ungentlemanly Art: A History of American Political Cartoons . Macmillan. p. 61.
- ↑ Donald Dewey (2007). The Art of Ill Will: The Story of American Political Cartoons. NYU Press. p. 17. ISBN 978-0814719855.
As in the case of George Washington and the vanished 1789 piece "The Entry", the [donkey] appealed to illustrators for its jackass connotations.
- ↑ "United States presidential election of 1789 | George Washington, First President & Electoral College | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-02-02.
- ↑ Rufus Wilmot Griswold (1856). The republican court; or, American society in the days of Washington. p. 123.
- ↑ Benson J. Lossing (1870). The home of Washington; or, Mount Vernon and its associations, historical, biographical, and pictorial. New York, Virtue & Yorston. p. 214.
- ↑ Parton, James (1877). Caricature and other comic art in all times and many lands. Harper & Brothers. p. 309.
- ↑ Lossing, Benson J. (1877). Our Country: A Household History of the United States. New York: Johnson & Bailey.
- ↑ "Some Early American Caricatures". New York Times. 8 March 1896. p. 32.
- ↑ "Murrell, William". Dictionary of Art Historians.
- ↑ A history of American graphic humor, 1747-1938. Whitney Museum of American Art. 1933. p. 34.
- ↑ "The home of Washington; or, Mount Vernon and its associations, historical, biographical, and pictorial". New York, Virtue & Yorston. 1870. Retrieved 2014-01-17.
- ↑ Mary Kathleen Bartoloni de Tuazon. Mr. President: Washington, the Presidency & the Indispensable Title Controversy of 1789 (Thesis). p. 59.
- ↑ Stephen L. Schechter, Wendell Edward Tripp (January 1, 1990). World of the Founders: New York Communities in the Federal Period. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 15. ISBN 0945660022.
- ↑ Rodney A. Smolla (1988). "Emotional Distress and the First Amendment: An Analysis of Hustler v. Falwell". Arizona State Law Journal (20): 423–474.
