Tijeras, New Mexico

Tijeras, New Mexico
Village
East Mountain Library in Tijeras
Location of Tijeras, New Mexico
Tijeras, New Mexico Location in the United States
Coordinates: 35°05′42″N106°22′12″W / 35.09500°N 106.37000°W / 35.09500; -106.37000
Country	United States
State	New Mexico
County	Bernalillo
Area [1]
• Total	1.14 sq mi (2.95 km2)
• Land	1.13 sq mi (2.93 km2)
• Water	0.01 sq mi (0.01 km2)
Elevation [2]	6,382 ft (1,945 m)
Population  (2020) [3]
• Total	465
• Density	410.78/sq mi (158.59/km2)
Time zone	UTC-7 (Mountain (MST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-6 (MDT)
ZIP code	87059
Area code	505
FIPS code	35-77880
GNIS feature ID	2413593 [2]
Website	www.tijerasnm.gov

Tijeras is a village in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 541 at the 2010 census. ^[4] It is part of the Albuquerque metropolitan area.

Pre-Columbian

Tijeras Pueblo archeological site

The Tijeras Pueblo Archaeological Site is located in Tijeras at 35° 04′ 30″ N, 106° 23′ 01.″ The site was occupied by Ancestral Pueblo people from about 1313 CE to 1425 CE. In the first phase of its occupation the Tijeras Pueblo had about 200 rooms in terraced buildings arranged in a "U" shape with a large ceremonial Kiva at the center. The pueblo was partially abandoned after about 1360 but rebuilding began about 1390, although the pueblo never regained its previous size. It was abandoned about 1425. The reasons for the abandonment of the pueblo are unknown, although it may have been because of drought and water shortages. ^[5]

The Tijeras Pueblo Archaeological Site is open to visitors. A museum on the site is open weekends and a self-guiding trail winds through the ruins. ^[6]

History

Tijeras was part of the Carnuel land grant, created in 1763 to defend Albuquerque from the raids of Comanche, Kiowa, and Plains Apache American Indians. The village is located in Tijeras Canyon, a strategic and natural corridor between the nomadic Indians of the Great Plains and the Spanish settlements in the Rio Grande valley. Nineteen men ^[7] some with families, comprised the first settlers at Carnuel. They were mostly from the lower castas of Spanish society, "coyotes" and genizaros (Indians who lived among the Spanish and had adopted some elements of Hispanic culture). For the coyotes and genizaros the attraction to settle in the Tijeras area was the opportunity to own land through the land grant from the New Mexican government. ^[8]

Apache raiders killed several people in the area and the survivors abandoned the land grant area in 1771. The Mescalero Apache name for Tijeras canyon is Nakai'e Naagishuł or "Mexican they dragged". ^[9] The Tijeras area was resettled in 1819 by descendants of the original settlers plus additional landless mestizos. By that time New Mexico had made peace with the Comanche and the threat to the eastern frontiers of the colony had decreased, making the settlement feasible. The genizaro heritage continued to influence land and water usage rights in the Carnuel land grant into the 21st century. ^{[10] [11]}

Geography

Geography

Tijeras is located at 35°5′15″N106°22′38″W / 35.08750°N 106.37722°W / 35.08750; -106.37722 (35.087550, -106.377354), ^[12] in central New Mexico, approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of Albuquerque, on Interstate 40 (Exit 175) and U.S. Highway 66 (Route 66)/New Mexico state highway 333. New Mexico State Road 14 leads north from the village, toward Cedar Crest, Sandia Crest, Madrid and Santa Fe. New Mexico State Road 337 leads south from Tijeras (see Google map). ^[13]

Physical geography

Tijeras is at the junction of Tijeras Canyon, leading to the west, toward Albuquerque, and Cedro Canyon, leading to the south, toward the Manzano Mountains.

Land area

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.2 square miles (3.0 km²), of which 0.008 square miles (0.02 km²), or 0.56%, is water. ^[4]

Climate

Climate data for Tijeras, NM
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °F (°C)	43.7 (6.5)	47.5 (8.6)	53.7 (12.1)	62.6 (17.0)	72.5 (22.5)	82.6 (28.1)	84.0 (28.9)	81.0 (27.2)	75.7 (24.3)	64.8 (18.2)	52.6 (11.4)	43.1 (6.2)	63.7 (17.6)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C)	19.8 (−6.8)	23.1 (−4.9)	28.9 (−1.7)	34.0 (1.1)	44.2 (6.8)	50.8 (10.4)	55.3 (12.9)	54.2 (12.3)	47.7 (8.7)	38.3 (3.5)	27.4 (−2.6)	19.9 (−6.7)	37.0 (2.7)
Average precipitation inches (mm)	1.1 (28)	0.7 (18)	1.4 (36)	1.0 (25)	1.0 (25)	1.2 (30)	2.8 (71)	2.8 (71)	1.8 (46)	1.7 (43)	1.1 (28)	1.2 (30)	17.8 (451)
Average snowfall inches (cm)	8.4 (21)	6.8 (17)	9.1 (23)	3.0 (7.6)	0.1 (0.25)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	5.3 (13)	9.3 (24)	42 (105.85)
Source: Bestplaces [14]

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1980	311		—
1990	340		9.3%
2000	474		39.4%
2010	541		14.1%
2020	465		−14.0%
U.S. Decennial Census [15] [3]

As of the census ^[16] of 2000, there were 474 people, 191 households, and 131 families residing in the village. The population density was 559.5 inhabitants per square mile (216.0/km²). There were 210 housing units at an average density of 247.9 per square mile (95.7/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 65.82% White, 1.05% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 28.06% from other races, and 4.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 56.33% of the population.

There were 191 households, out of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $34,167, and the median income for a family was $46,250. Males had a median income of $31,750 versus $25,179 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,836. About 9.6% of families and 9.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 20.0% of those age 65 or over.

As of the census ^[16] of 2011, there were 548 people living in Tijeras. By 2009, the estimated mean household income had risen to $49,441, slightly above that of the state as a whole ($43,028). The mean price of a housing unit in 2009 was $229,479, which was significantly higher than the mean home price in the state as a whole ($160,900).

Education

It is zoned to Albuquerque Public Schools. ^[17]

Features

Musical highway

In October 2014, Tijeras gained national attention for a nearby "musical road", a two-lane stretch of former U.S. Highway 66 (Route 66) with grooves in the roadway (rumble strips) arranged to cause the sounds of a famous song ("America the Beautiful") to be heard when vehicles drive on it at 45 mph. ^{[18] [19] [20]}

References

1. "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
2. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Tijeras, New Mexico
3. "Census Population API". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
4. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Tijeras village, New Mexico". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved January 28, 2014.
5. "Tijeras Pueblo Archaeological Site," http://www.friendsoftijeraspueblo.org/pueblohistory.html, accessed March 9, 2019
6. "Tijeras Pueblo Archaeological Site". www.friendsoftijeraspueblo.org. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
7. Akins, Nancy J. (2004), "Excavations at San Antonio de Padul (LA 24, NM 14, Bernalillo County, New Mexico, Museum of New Mexico: Office of Archaeological Studies, Archaeology Notes 293, p. 135
8. Gonzales, Moises (Winter 2014), "The Genizaro Land Grant Settlements of New Mexico," Journal of the Southwest, Vol. 56, No. 4., pp 591-592. Downloaded from JSTOR.
9. Seymour, Deni J., ed. (2012). From the land of ever winter to the American Southwest: Athapaskan migrations, mobility, and ethnogenesis. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. ISBN   978-1-60781-175-6.
10. Gonzales, p. 592
11. Akins, p. 135
12. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
13. Tijeras, NM on Google Maps
14. Tijeras, NM(bestplaces) https://www.bestplaces.net/climate/city/new_mexico/tijeras
15. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
16. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
17. "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Bernalillo County, NM" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau . Retrieved July 20, 2021.
18. "New Mexico hopes 'singing road' curbs speeding", Associated Press via Yahoo News (online), October 1, 2014.
19. "Route 66 Adds Singing Road as Speeding Deterrent", ABC News (TV), October 2, 2014.
20. "Route 66 ‘singing road’ debuts in New Mexico", KRQE News 13 (TV), October 1, 2014.

External links

Media related to Tijeras, New Mexico at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website
• The Singing Road of New Mexico The Singing Road