Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, has an extensive and rapidly developing transportation infrastructure serving local public needs and facilitating external passenger and cargo traffic.
Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, has an extensive and rapidly developing transportation infrastructure serving local public needs and facilitating external passenger and cargo traffic.
Public transportation includes metro, bus, trolleybus, and tram lines, as well as a funicular. All public transport is operated by Kyivpastrans, besides the metro. The city's first references to public transportation date back to the 1880s, when the city introduced omnibuses and was looking for investment in horse-drawn trams. The Kyiv Urban Electric Train is a joint project of Kyivpastrans and Ukrzaliznytsia. Kyivpastrans does not operate minibuses.
The publicly owned and operated Kyiv Metro is a fast, convenient and affordable network covering most of the city. The metro is expanding towards the city limits to meet growing demand.
The Kyiv Metro is the city’s primary mode of intracity transportation. It was the first rapid transit system in Ukraine. The system has three lines, with a total length of 66.1 kilometres (41.1 miles), and 51 stations. The metro carries an average of 1.422 million passengers daily, [1] 38 percent of Kyiv's public transport. In 2011, the total number of trips exceeded 519 million. The metro is also home to the deepest station in the world: Arsenalna, at 105.5 m or 346 ft in the ground. [2]
The Kyiv Tram, the oldest in Eastern Europe, was for a long time being replaced by buses and trolleybuses, however, the trend is partially being reversed with the redevelopment of the Kyiv Fast Tram as well as planned investments in the classic tram network.
The Kyiv Trolleybus is the largest of its kind in the world in terms of line length and has many routes spanning the entire city.
One of the most popular and useful routes for tourists is bus No 24 (24A on weekends and holidays), travelling through Kyiv Passenger Railway Terminal, Khreshchatyk, European Square and the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra.
In 2010, Kyiv Urban Electric Train service began, running at four to ten minute intervals throughout the day around the city centre and serving many of Kyiv's inner suburbs. There are many stops with transfers to the Kyiv Metro. [3]
In 2019, the city train operated only in rush hours from 07:00–10:00 and 16:00–20:00. Trains were very often cancelled or delayed. As a rule every day more than 40% of the rides were cancelled.
Passengers can get from Zhuliany Airport by trolleybus No 9 to Kyiv Passenger Railway Terminal and Palace of Sports, near the centre of the city. Passengers can get from Boryspil Airport by the Kyiv Boryspil Express. One ride costs ₴80. Tickets are available in ticket machines in the airport and from a train conductor.
There are no timed tickets for public transport in Kyiv. Each ride should be paid for in each bus, trolleybus, tram, or metro. Passengers can pay for their ride by tapping Apple / Google Pay phone, Kyiv Tsyfrovyi app, Kyiv Tsyfrovyi plastic card or a paper ticket with a QR code. One can buy tickets on the internet and just validate them from a smartphone screen or buy them in a ticket machine, located at metro stations or some vendors.
In buses, trams and trolleybuses operated by Kyivpastrans, one ride costs ₴8. [4] These prices are the same in the metro.
1 ride costs ₴8 (by ticket or Kyivsmartcard)
10 rides cost ₴7.70 (by Kyivsmartcard)
50 rides cost ₴6.50 (by Kyivsmartcard)
The penalty for travelling without a ticket is ₴160.
One Kyivsmartcard costs ₴50 and should be activated before use.
The previously extensive Kyiv River Port riverboat service along the Dnieper River with the Meteor and Raketa hydrofoil ships is no longer available, limiting Kyiv's river transport to cargo and tour boats and private pleasure craft.
Kyiv is a crossing point for many of Ukraine's main roads. The focal point of the Ukrainian national-road system, Kyiv is linked by road to many of Ukraine's principal cities. The M05 (linking Kyiv with Odesa) and the M06 (linking the city with Chop) have been reconstructed.
Without a grade-separated ring road, Kyiv has two urban bypass routes. The Central Ring (Small Bypass Road) comprises a number of interconnecting, high-capacity roads encircling the city centre, with a full circular route on both banks of the Dnieper, and is congested at rush hour. The Big Bypass Road has no river crossings, and is confined to the city's right bank. Despite this, it reduces traffic in the city centre.
Many Kyiv roads are in bad condition, and maintenance is poor. According to Kyivavtodor (the municipal road corporation), 80 percent of the city's road surfaces have been in use for 15 to 30 years, 1.5 to 3 times more than the standard 12-year lifespan. [5]
The taxi market in Kyiv is poorly regulated (in particular, the fare per kilometer) and there is brisk competition among private companies. Many allow the scheduling of a pickup by telephone. Private citizens with cars provide taxi service on an ad hoc basis, generally by picking up people hailing a cab. Traffic congestion and a lack of parking space are problems for Kyiv taxis. Regulations allow parking on sidewalks, which inconveniences pedestrians.
The funicular climbs the Dnieper's right bank, carrying 10,000–15,000 passengers daily. The city has a long-distance passenger station, six cargo stations and repair facilities.
Air passengers arrive in Kyiv at one of two airports: Boryspil Airport (served by international airlines) or Zhuliany Airport.
Some of the airlines operating in Boryspil (KBP) are Ukrainian, Ryanair, Austrian, Air France, KLM, Skyup, Qatar, Pegasus, British Airways, Turkish airlines, Air Baltic, etc.
Companies operating in Zhuliany airport (IEV) are WIZZ Air, Vueling, Ernest, Motor Sich, LOT, Alitalia, Belavia, etc.
Hostomel Airport is in the Kyiv northwestern suburb of Hostomel, and primarily serves as a cargo airport.
Transport in Greece has undergone significant changes in the past two decades, vastly modernizing the country's infrastructure and transportation. Although ferry transport between islands remains the prominent method of transport between the nation's islands, improvements to the road infrastructure, rail, urban transport, and airports have all led to a vast improvement in transportation. These upgrades have played a key role in supporting Greece's economy, which in the past decade has come to rely heavily on the construction industry.
Transport in Ukraine includes ground transportation, water, air transportation, and pipelines. The transportation sector accounts for roughly 11% of the country's gross domestic product and 7% of total employment.
The Kyiv Metro is a rapid transit system in Kyiv owned by the Kyiv City Council and operated by the city-owned company Kyivskyi Metropoliten. It was initially opened on November 6, 1960, as a single 5.24 km (3.26 mi) line with five stations. It was the first rapid transit system in Ukraine and the third in the Soviet Union, after the Moscow and St. Petersburg metros.
Bucharest has the largest transport network in Romania, and one of the largest in Europe. The Bucharest transport network is made up of a metro network and a surface transport network. Although there are multiple connection points, the two systems operate independently of each other, are run by different organisations (the metro is run by Metrorex and the surface transport network by Societatea de Transport București. The two companies used separate ticketing systems until 2021, when a new smartcard was introduced alongside the old tickets, which allows travel on both the STB and the Underground.
Marshrutka or marshrutnoe taksi or routed taxicab, are share taxis found in Eastern Europe and the republics of the former Soviet Union. Usually vans, they drive along set routes, depart only when all seats are filled, and may have higher fares than buses. Passengers can board a marshrutka anywhere along its route if there are seats available.
Igor Sikorsky Kyiv International Airport (Zhuliany) (Ukrainian: Міжнародний аеропорт «Київ» імені Ігоря Сікорського (Жуляни)) (IATA: IEV, ICAO: UKKK) is one of the two passenger airports of the Ukrainian capital Kyiv, the other being Boryspil International Airport. It is owned by the municipality of Kyiv and located in the Zhuliany neighbourhood, about seven kilometres (four nautical miles) southwest of the city centre. Aside from facilitating regular passenger flights, Kyiv International Airport is also the main business aviation airport in Ukraine, and one of the busiest business aviation hubs in Europe.
Boryspil International Airport is an international airport in Boryspil, 29 km (18 mi) east of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. It is Ukraine's largest airport, serving 65% of its passenger air traffic, including all its intercontinental flights and a majority of international flights. It is one of two passenger airports that serve Kyiv along with the smaller Zhuliany Airport. Boryspil International Airport was a member of Airports Council International. Since 24 February 2022, the airport does not operate any scheduled, charter or cargo flights due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
The Kharkiv Metro is the rapid transit system that serves the city of Kharkiv, the second largest city in Ukraine. The metro was the second in Ukraine and the sixth in the USSR when it opened on August 22–23, 1975. The metro consists of three lines that operate on 38.7 kilometres (24.0 mi) of the route and serve 30 stations. The system transported 223 million passengers in 2018.
The Kyiv Funicular is a steep slope railroad on Kyiv Hills that serves the city of Kyiv, connecting the historic Uppertown, and the lower commercial neighborhood of Podil through the steep Volodymyrska Hill overseeing the Dnieper River. The line consists of only two stations and is operated by the Kyiv city community enterprise Kyivpastrans.
The Shanghai Public Transportation Card (SPTC) is a contactless card, utilizing RFID technology, which can be used to access many forms of public transport and related services in and around Shanghai. Shanghai public transportation card is also provided in the form of QR codes, which is accessible throw WeChat, AliPay, APPs and miniprograms, and enjoy same price discounts as cards.
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Verkehrsbetriebe Zürich (VBZ) is a public transport operator in the Swiss city of Zürich, and is wholly owned by the city. Previously known as the Städtische Strassenbahn Zürich (StStZ), the organisation was founded in 1896 and adopted its current name in 1950.
Darnytsia is the largest Ukrainian Railways station of the Ukrainian capital Kyiv, located in the city's Left-bank Darnytsia area.
St. Petersburg is a major trade gateway, financial and industrial center of Russia specialising in oil and gas trade, shipbuilding yards, aerospace industry, radio and electronics, software and computers; machine building, heavy machinery and transport, including tanks and other military equipment, mining, instrument manufacture, ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, publishing and printing, food and catering, wholesale and retail, textile and apparel industries, and many other businesses.
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Public transport is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public unlike private transport, typically managed on a schedule, operated on established routes, and that may charge a posted fee for each trip. There is no rigid definition of which kinds of transport are included, and air travel is often not thought of when discussing public transport—dictionaries use wording like "buses, trains, etc." Examples of public transport include city buses, trolleybuses, trams and passenger trains, rapid transit and ferries. Public transport between cities is dominated by airlines, coaches, and intercity rail. High-speed rail networks are being developed in many parts of the world.
Kyiv Central Bus Station is the main and the largest bus station in Kyiv, Ukraine. It specializes in international and intercity (coach) services; suburban routes also present. The Central Bus Station is located on Demiivska Square in the Holosiiv neighborhood not far from the city center.
Kyivpastrans is a municipal company that operates public transport in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. Its operations include electric trams, city buses and trolleybuses. It also operates the Kyiv Funicular and some urban rail lines.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to public transport:
The Kyiv Trolleybus is a trolleybus network in Kyiv, the largest trolleybus network in the world in terms of line length, and the largest in Ukraine in terms of length and number of cars. The network was opened on November 5, 1935.
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