Tres Marías amazon

Last updated

Tres Marías amazon
Amazona oratrix -Cougar Mountain Zoological Park -hand-8a.jpg
Tres Marías amazon at Cougar Mountain Zoological Park
CITES Appendix I (CITES) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Genus: Amazona
Species:
A. oratrix
Subspecies:
A. o. tresmariae
Trinomial name
Amazona oratrix tresmariae
Nelson, 1900
Synonyms
  • Amazona tresmariae

The Tres Marías amazon (Amazona oratrix tresmariae) is a subspecies of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to the Islas Marías off the Pacific coast of Mexico. [2]

Contents

Taxonomy

The Tres Marías amazon was formally described in 1900 by the American naturalist Edward William Nelson. He considered it as a subspecies of the yellow-headed amazon (Amazona oratrix) and introduced the trinomial name Amazona oratrix tresmariae. [3] Frank Gill, Pamela Rasmussen and David Donsker in the list maintained on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) treat the Tres Marías amazon as a subspecies. BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW), the Clements taxonomy, and the Howard and Moore checklist all retain it as a subspecies of the yellow-headed amazon. [4] [5] [6] [7] Prior to 2023, the IOC consisdered the Tres Marías amazon to be a full species, Amazona tresmariae. [8]

Description

The Tres Marías amazon is 35 to 38 cm (14 to 15 in) long. The sexes are the same. Their upperparts are pale grass green with some darker feather tips and paler uppertail coverts. Their head, neck, throat, and upper breast are bright yellow and their lower breast and belly are bluish green. Their tail is mostly green with yellowish green tips and red at the base of the outer feathers. The leading edge of their wing and their carpal area are red. Their primaries and inner secondaries have green bases, the outer secondaries have red bases, and all are blue to blackish or bluish violet at the end. The rest of their underwing is green. Their iris is orange or amber, their bill pale to grayish horn-colored, and their legs and feet gray. [9] [10] [11]

Distribution and habitat

The Tres Marías amazon is restricted to the Islas Marías, a small archipelago about 100 km (62 mi) off the coast of Nayarit. It primarily inhabits forest but has been noted roosting in Agave plantations. [9] [10]

Behavior

Feeding

The diet of the Tres Marías amazon has not been described separately from that of the yellow-headed parrot sensu lato , which like most Amazonas parrots feeds mostly on seeds and fruits. [9] [12]

Breeding

The breeding biology of the Tres Marías amazon has not been described separately from that of the yellow-headed parrot. That species as a whole nests in tree cavities. Their clutch size is two or three eggs. [9] [12]

Vocalization

As of early 2023 xeno-canto had no recordings of Tres Marías amazon vocalizations and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Macaulay Library had very few. [13] [14]

In aviculture

In aviculture, a variety of yellow-headed amazon has been selectively bred to maximize the yellow coloration of the head. Called the "Magna", it closely resembles the Tres Marías amazon. [15]

Status

The IUCN follows HBW taxonomy, and so has not assessed the Tres Marías amazon separately from the yellow-headed amazon sensu lato. The species as a whole is Endangered, with an estimated population of 4700 mature individuals that is believed to be decreasing. Illegal capture for the pet trade has caused much of the decline and ongoing habitat loss is another significant threat. [12] The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) lists the yellow-headed amazon in Appendix I. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pacific parakeet</span> Species of bird

The Pacific parakeet, known as Pacific conure or Nicaraguan green conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in southern Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Green parakeet</span> Species of bird

The green parakeet, green conure or Mexican green conure is a New World parrot. As defined by the International Ornithological Committee (IOC), it is native to Mexico and southern Texas in the Rio Grande Valley..

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-headed amazon</span> Subspecies of Amazon Parrot

The yellow-headed amazon, also known as the yellow-headed parrot and double yellow-headed amazon, is an endangered amazon parrot of Mexico and northern Central America. Measuring 38–43 centimetres (15–17 in) in length, it is a stocky short-tailed green parrot with a yellow head. It prefers to live in mangrove forests or forests near rivers or other bodies of water. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of the yellow-crowned amazon. It is a popular pet and an excellent talker. Poaching for the international pet trade has driven the species to near-extinction in the wild; around half of all wild-caught birds are thought to die in the process.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cliff parakeet</span> Species of bird

The cliff parakeet is a Near Threatened species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Bolivia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue-cheeked amazon</span> Species of bird

The blue-cheeked amazon, also known as blue-cheeked parrot or Dufresne's amazon, is a Near Threatened species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Brazil, the Guianas, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-crowned amazon</span> Species of bird

The yellow-crowned amazon or yellow-crowned parrot is a species of parrot native to tropical South America, Panama and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean. The taxonomy is highly complex and the yellow-headed and yellow-naped amazon are sometimes considered subspecies of the yellow-crowned amazon. Except in the taxonomic section, the following deals only with the nominate group .They are found in the Amazon basin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yucatan amazon</span> Species of bird

The Yucatan amazon, also known as the yellow-lored amazon, Yucatan parrot or yellow-lored parrot is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Socorro parakeet</span> Species of bird

The Socorro parakeet, known in aviculture as the Socorro green conure or Socorro conure, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Socorro Island in the Revillagigedo Islands, Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-throated parakeet</span> Species of bird

The red-throated parakeet, called red-throated conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scarlet-fronted parakeet</span> Species of bird

The scarlet-fronted parakeet, known in aviculture as the scarlet-fronted conure,red-fronted conure, or Wagler's conure, is a Near Threatened species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cobalt-winged parakeet</span> Species of bird

The cobalt-winged parakeet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-bellied parrot</span> Species of bird

The white-bellied parrot, or white-bellied caique in aviculture, is a species of bird in the subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plum-crowned parrot</span> Species of bird

The plum-crowned parrot or plum-crowned pionus is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azuero dove</span> Species of bird

The Azuero dove or brown-backed dove is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is endemic to Panama.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rose-fronted parakeet</span> Species of bird

The rose-fronted parakeet, known as the rose-fronted conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in the subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amazonian trogon</span> Species of bird

The Amazonian trogon, is a species of bird in the family Trogonidae, the trogons and quetzals. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Venezuelan parakeet</span> Species of bird

The Venezuelan parakeet or Emma's conure is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-legged parrot</span> Species of bird

The black-legged parrot, also known as the western white-bellied parrot, is a bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society, the International Ornithological Committee, and the Clements taxonomy treat the black-legged parrot as a subspecies of the white-bellied parrot. BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) considers it a full species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-tailed parrot</span> Species of bird

The yellow-tailed parrot, also known as the central white-bellied parrot, is a bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Brazil. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society, the International Ornithological Committee, and the Clements taxonomy treat the yellow-tailed parrot as a subspecies of the white-bellied parrot. BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) considers it a full species. It is rare in captivity in comparison to other taxa of the genus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cordilleran parakeet</span> Species of bird

The cordilleran parakeet is a Near Threatened species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

References

  1. 1 2 "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  2. ↑ Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2023). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List. v 13.1. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  3. ↑ Nelson, E. W. (1900). "Descriptions of thirty new North American birds, in the Biological Survey Collection" (PDF). The Auk. 17 (3): 253–270. doi: 10.2307/4069117 . JSTOR   4069117.
  4. ↑ Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Check-list of North American Birds (online). American Ornithological Society. https://checklist.aou.org/taxa
  5. ↑ HBW and BirdLife International (2022) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v7_Dec22.zip retrieved December 13, 2022
  6. ↑ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved November 10, 2022
  7. ↑ "The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, version 4.1: PSITTACIDAE". www.aviansystematics.org. Trust for Avian Systematicsaccess. March 3, 2023.
  8. ↑ "Species Updates IOC Version 13.2". IOC World Bird List. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Ruth, J. M. (2020). Yellow-headed Parrot (Amazona oratrix), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.yehpar.01 retrieved March 3, 2023
  10. 1 2 Stager, Kenneth E. (1957). "The avifauna of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico" (PDF). The Auk. 74 (4): 413–432. doi: 10.2307/4081741 . JSTOR   4081741.
  11. ↑ Grant, P.R. (1965). "A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico" (PDF). Postilla. 90: 1–106 [17–18].
  12. 1 2 3 BirdLife International. (2020). "Amazona oratrix". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T22686337A179331301. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22686337A179331301.en . Retrieved 2 July 2024.
  13. ↑ "Yellow-headed Amazon". xeno-canto.org. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  14. ↑ "Yellow-headed Parrot Multimedia". birdsoftheworld.org. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.yehpar.01 . Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  15. ↑ "Where are they now? By the Feather Tree".
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.