Troides amphrysus

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Malay birdwing
Papilionidae - Troides amphrysus.JPG
Male, upperside
Troides amphrysus.jpg
Female
CITES Appendix II (CITES) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Papilionidae
Genus: Troides
Species:
T. amphrysus
Binomial name
Troides amphrysus
(Cramer, 1779)
Synonyms
  • Papilio amphrysusCramer, [1779]
  • Ornithoptera ruficollisButler, 1879
  • Ornithoptera euthydemusFruhstorfer, 1913
  • Ornithoptera flavicollisDruce, 1873
  • Ornithoptera olympiaHonrath, 1891 [2]

Troides amphrysus, the Malay birdwing, is a birdwing butterfly in the genus Troides in the family Papilionidae.

Contents

Taxonomy

Subspecies

Troides amphrysus is a member of the Troides amphrysus species group. The members of this clade are:

Description

Male. The uppersides of the forewings are black or dark brown, with veins bordered by pale yellow. The uppersides of the hindwings are golden yellow, with black veins and black spots at the edges.

Female. The basic colour of the females is black or dark brown, with veins bordered by white. The uppersides of the hindwings have a smaller golden-yellow area at the base and several yellow spots at the edges.

In both sexes the undersides are similar to the uppersides. The abdomen is yellow, while the head and thorax are black.

Life history

Figure 13 (bottom right) HorsfieldMoorCatalogueEastIndiaCompanyLepidoptera2Plate6.jpg
Figure 13 (bottom right)

The egg is large and round and a pearly colour. Eggs are deposited on the food plant and the incubation period is two weeks. The first instar larva is black and bears numerous orange tubercles with short, black, branched spines. The intermediate instars 2, 3 and 4 are black. The thoracic segments have eight tubercles and the abdominal segments have six each. These are fleshy and lack spines. The dorsal tubercles of the 2nd, 3rd, 6th, and the 7th abdominal segments, are black. All the other tubercles are bright orange. In the penultimate and final instars the head is black and the thorax and abdomen is dark coffee brown. There is no saddle mark in this species. The tubercles are largely uniform in size, shape and of the ground colour. They are incline posteriorly and the apices are bent forwards to form small hooks. This species is not monophagous. The larvae feed on Aristolochia - A. acuminata and A. foveolata and on various Thottea species. [3]

The pupa is yellowish green and is marked with greyish veins as in a leaf. It has a broad dorsal saddle mark, this is lemon yellow transversely marked with brown streaks. The abdomen has three pairs of sharp dorsal processes, directed laterally. The pupal stage lasts from 27 to 30 days. [3]

Distribution and habitat

Figure A (centre), accompanying the original description in Cramer and Stoll Uitlandsche Kapellen CramerAndStoll-uitlandsche kapellen vol. 3- pl 219.jpg
Figure A (centre), accompanying the original description in Cramer and Stoll Uitlandsche Kapellen

This species can be found in the Australasian realm and in the Indomalayan realm, from Myanmar to Indonesia. [2] The habitat is primary and secondary rainforest.

Behaviour

In the morning the butterflies fly at 20 to 30 m high in the canopy. Females rest on the foliage, while males glide in broad circles above them. The males perform an elaborate quivering courtship display several metres above the females, before copulation. Later in the day both sexes descend to feed on flowering trees and bushes including Lantana . [3]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Troides minos</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Troides aeacus</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Troides helena</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Ornithoptera tithonus</i> Species of birdwing butterfly

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<i>Ornithoptera paradisea</i> Species of birdwing butterfly

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<i>Troides vandepolli</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Troides magellanus</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Troides dohertyi</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Troides haliphron</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Ornithoptera priamus</i> Species of birdwing butterfly

Ornithoptera priamus, the common green birdwing, Cape York birdwing, Priam's birdwing, northern birdwing or New Guinea birdwing is a widespread species of birdwing butterfly found in the central and south Moluccas, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, and north-east Australia.

<i>Ornithoptera victoriae</i> Species of birdwing butterfly

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<i>Ornithoptera croesus</i> Species of birdwing butterfly

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<i>Troides hypolitus</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Troides miranda</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Troides darsius</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Troides andromache</i> Species of butterfly

Troides andromache, the Borneo birdwing or Kinabalu Birdwing, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found only in Borneo. In 2023, it was selected as the official state butterfly of the state of Sabah, Malaysian Borneo.

<i>Troides criton</i> Species of butterfly

Troides criton, the Criton birdwing, is a birdwing butterfly found on the islands of Morotai, Halmahera, Bali, Bacan, Ternate and Obi in Indonesia.

<i>Troides cuneifera</i> Species of butterfly

Troides cuneifera, the Mountain Birdwing, is a large butterfly belonging to the swallowtail family, Papilionidae, found in the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java and Borneo.

References

  1. "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  2. 1 2 3 Funet
  3. 1 2 3 =" Straatman, Raymond & Nieuwenhuis, Engbert Jan , 1961 Biology of certain Sumatran Species of Atrophaneura, Trogonoptera, and Troides (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae). Tijdschr. Ent. 104(3): 31-41