Tylomelania

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Tylomelania
Tylomelania neritiformis shell 2.png
Apertural view of a shell of Tylomelania neritiformis
Tylomelania sp.jpg
Two Tylomelania sp.
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Family: Pachychilidae
Genus: Tylomelania
Sarasin & Sarasin, 1897 [1]
Diversity [2] [3] [4]
46 described species

Tylomelania is a genus of freshwater snails which have an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pachychilidae. In the aquarium hobby, snails from this genus are commonly known as "rabbit snails" (not to be confused with sea hares).

Contents

A sister group (the closest relative) of Tylomelania is genus Pseudopotamis (2 species living on the Torres Strait Islands). [5] Tylomelania and Pseudopotamis split in the Middle Miocene c. 19.5 Mya . [5]

Distribution

Distribution map of Tylomelania (red area) cover the majority of Sulawesi. Grey area with dashed line is showing Wallacea. Tylomelania map.png
Distribution map of Tylomelania (red area) cover the majority of Sulawesi. Grey area with dashed line is showing Wallacea.

Tylomelania are endemic to Sulawesi in Indonesia, [2] with the vast majority restricted to Lake Poso and the Malili Lake system (consisting of Matano and Towuti, and the smaller Lontoa (Wawantoa), Mahalona, Masapi). [6]

They most likely cannot inhabit altitudes above roughly 700 m (2,300 ft). [5]

Species

There were known 34 described species in 2005. [2] Thomas von Rintelen with colleagues described 15 new species of Tylomelania in 2003–2008.

Tylomelania species diversification started in c. 5.4 Mya and was probably caused by the late Miocene and Pliocene orogeny. [5]

Species within the genus Tylomelania include:

Description

In species within the genus, the albumen gland is very large. [2] The pallial oviduct evolved into a uterine brood, which releases shelled juvenile snails. [2] Compared to other aquatic snails, many species of Tylomelania are known to be the few groups of snails that are not hermaphroditic but rather dioecious. [9] Comparison of apertural views of shells of twenty Tylomelania species are below, though are not of proper scale:

Tylomelania abendanoni Tylomelania abendanoni shell.png
Tylomelania abendanoni
Tylomelania baskasti Tylomelania baskasti shell.png
Tylomelania baskasti
Tylomelania carota Tylomelania carota shell.png
Tylomelania carota
Tylomelania celebicola Tylomelania celebicola shell.png
Tylomelania celebicola
Tylomelania centaurus Tylomelania centaurus shell.png
Tylomelania centaurus
Tylomelania hannelorae Tylomelania hannelorae shell.png
Tylomelania hannelorae
Tylomelania helmuti Tylomelania helmuti shell.png
Tylomelania helmuti
Tylomelania lalemae Tylomelania lalemae shell.png
Tylomelania lalemae
Tylomelania mahalonensis Tylomelania mahalonensis shell.png
Tylomelania mahalonensis
Tylomelania masapensis Tylomelania masapensis shell.png
Tylomelania masapensis
Tylomelania patriarchalis Tylomelania patriarchalis shell 2.png
Tylomelania patriarchalis
Tylomelania perfecta Tylomelania perfecta shell 3.png
Tylomelania perfecta
Tylomelania sarasinorum Tylomelania sarasinorum shell.png
Tylomelania sarasinorum
Tylomelania sinabartfeldi Tylomelania sinabartfeldi shell.png
Tylomelania sinabartfeldi
Tylomelania tominangensis Tylomelania tominangensis shell.png
Tylomelania tominangensis
Tylomelania toradjarum Tylomelania toradjarum shell.png
Tylomelania toradjarum
Tylomelania towutensis Tylomelania towutensis shell.png
Tylomelania towutensis
Tylomelania towutica Tylomelania towutica shell 2.png
Tylomelania towutica
Tylomelania wallacei Tylomelania wallacei shell.png
Tylomelania wallacei
Tylomelania zeamais Tylomelania zeamais shell.png
Tylomelania zeamais

Ecology

Species in the genus Tylomelania are ovoviviparous. [2] Newly hatched snails of some species of Tylomelania measure nearly 2 cm (0.79 in) and are the largest newly hatched viviparous gastropods. [2]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pachychilidae</span> Family of gastropods

Pachychilidae, common name pachychilids, is a taxonomic family of freshwater snails, gastropod molluscs in the clade Sorbeoconcha.

Tylomelania kruimeli is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania zeamais</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania zeamais is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania patriarchalis</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania patriarchalis is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania towutensis</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania towutensis is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

Tylomelania palicolarum is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

Tylomelania gemmifera is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

Tylomelania insulaesacrae is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania helmuti</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania helmuti is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania celebicola</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania celebicola is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania wallacei</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania wallacei is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania abendanoni</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania abendanoni is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania lalemae</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania lalemae is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania mahalonensis</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania mahalonensis is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania masapensis</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania masapensis is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania sarasinorum</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania sarasinorum is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania tominangensis</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania tominangensis is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania towutica</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania towutica is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

Tylomelania carbo is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

<i>Tylomelania connectens</i> Species of gastropod

Tylomelania connectens is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

References

  1. ↑ Sarasin P. & Sarasin F. (1897). "Über die Molluskenfauna der großen Süßwasser-Seen von Central-Celebes". Zoologischer Anzeiger 539/540: 308-320. page 317.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2005). "Anatomy of an adaptive radiation: a unique reproductive strategy in the endemic freshwater gastropod Tylomelania (Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) on Sulawesi, Indonesia and its biogeographical implications." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 85: 513–542. doi : 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00515.x.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 von Rintelen, Bouchet P. & Glaubrecht M. (2007). "Ancient lakes as hotspots of diversity: a morphological review of an endemic species flock of Tylomelania (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) in the Malili lake system on Sulawesi, Indonesia". Hydrobiologia592:11–94. doi : 10.1007/s10750-007-0765-8.
  4. 1 2 3 4 von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2008). "Three new species of the freshwater snail genus Tylomelania (Caenogastropoda: Pachychilidae) from the Malili lake system, Sulawesi, Indonesia". Zootaxa 1852: 37–49. PDF.
  5. 1 2 3 4 von Rintelen T., Stelbrink B. Marwoto R. M. & Glaubrecht M. (2014). "A Snail Perspective on the Biogeography of Sulawesi, Indonesia: Origin and Intra-Island Dispersal of the Viviparous Freshwater Gastropod Tylomelania". PLoS ONE9(6): e98917. doi : 10.1371/journal.pone.0098917.
  6. ↑ von Rintelen T., von Rintelen K. & Glaubrecht M. (2010). "The species flock of the viviparous freshwater gastropod Tylomelania (Mollusca: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) in the ancient lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia: the role of geography, trophic morphology and colour as driving forces in adaptive radiation." pp. 485–512 in: Glaubrecht, M. & Schneider H. eds. (2010). Evolution in Action: Adaptive Radiations and the Origins of Biodiversity. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.
  7. 1 2 3 von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2003). "New discoveries in old lakes: three new species of Tylomelania Sarasin & Sarasin, 1897 (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) from the Malili lake system on Sulawesi, Indonesia". Journal of Molluscan Studies 69(1): 3–17. doi : 10.1093/mollus/69.1.3
  8. ↑
  9. ↑ Elle Riley, May 9, 2023. "Rabbit Snail ‘Tylomelania’: A Complete Care Guide" https://fishhq.co/rabbit-snail/


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