| Urupia Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Urodela |
| Genus: | † Urupia Skutschas & Krasnolutskii, 2011 |
| Type species | |
| †Urupia monstrosa Skutschas & Krasnolutskii, 2011 | |
Urupia is an extinct genus of salamander in what is now Russia from the Bathonian aged Itat Formation. It was described by P. P. Skutschas and S. A. Krasnolutskii in 2011, and the type species is U. monstrosa. [1]
The family Proteidae is a group of aquatic salamanders found today in the Balkan Peninsula and North America. The range of the genus Necturus runs from southern central Canada, through the midwestern United States, east to North Carolina and south to Georgia and Mississippi. The range of the olm, the only extant member of the genus Proteus, is limited to the Western Balkans. The fossil record of the family extends back to the Late Cretaceous, with Paranecturus being known from the Maastrichtian of North America, and Bishara from the Santonian-Campanian of Central Asia.
Hylaeobatrachus is an extinct genus of prehistoric salamander, known from the Early Cretaceous of Europe. The type species H. croyii is known from the Sainte-Barbe Clays Formation at the Iguanodon locality of Belgium, and was described by Louis Dollo. An unnamed Hylaeobatrachus-like taxon has also been reported from Las Hoyas, Spain. Both localities are of Barremian age. Hylaeobatrachus belongs to the crown group of modern salamanders, though its exact relationship with modern salamander groups is uncertain. It was neotenic, llike some modern salamanders.
Horezmia is an extinct genus of Mesozoic salamanders. The fossils have been found in Russia. It is comparable to modern advanced salamanders, though its phylogenetic placement within Salamandroidea is uncertain.
Kokartus is an extinct genus of prehistoric stem-group salamander (Caudata) from the Middle Jurassic Balabansai Formation of Kyrgyzstan.
Kileskus is a genus of tyrannosauroid dinosaur known from partial remains found in Middle Jurassic Itat Formation of Sharypovsky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai (Russia). Fossils recovered include the holotype maxilla, a premaxilla, a surangular, and a few bones from the hand and foot. Additional remains referred to the species include cervical and caudal vertebrae, as well as a fibula. The skull bones are similar to those of Proceratosaurus. The type species is K. aristotocus. Kileskus was named in 2010 by Averianov and colleagues. Its size has been estimated at 5.2 meters in length and 700 kg in weight.
The Itat Formation is a geologic formation in western Siberia. It was deposited in the Bajocian to Bathonian ages of the Middle Jurassic. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, including the proceratosaurid Kileskus, as well as fish, amphibians, mammals and many other vertebrates. The formation is noted for bearing significant coal reserves, with large open pit coal mines extracting lignite from the unit currently in operation.
Hutegotherium is an extinct genus of tegotheriid docodont known from partial remains found in Middle Jurassic Itat Formation of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It was first named by Averianov, A. A.; Lopatin, A. V.; Krasnolutskii, S. A.; and Ivantsov, S. V. in 2010 and the type species is Hutegotherium yaomingi.
Nesovtriton is an extinct genus of cryptobranchoid salamander known from the Late Cretaceous of Bissekty Formation, in Uzbekistan. It was first named by Pavel P. Skutschas in 2009 and the type species is Nesovtriton mynbulakensis.
Sineleutherus is an extinct genus of euharamiyids which existed in Asia during the Jurassic period. The type species is Sineleutherus uyguricus, which was described by Thomas Martin, Alexander O. Averianov and Hans-Ulrich Pfretzschner in 2010; it lived in what is now China during the late Jurassic Qigu Formation. A second species, Sineleutherus issedonicus, was described by A. O. Averianov, A. V. Lopatin and S. A. Krasnolutskii in 2011. It lived in what is now Sharypovsky District during the middle Jurassic ; its fossils were collected from the upper part of the Itat Formation. However, this is now believed to represent several euharamiyid taxa not closely related to Sineleutherus.
Seminobatrachus is an extinct genus of neotenic salamander from late Paleocene to early Eocene deposits of Cherkassy Region, central Ukraine. It is known from 14 skeletons from a drill hole near Boltyshka village. It was first named by Pavel P. Skutschas and Yuri M. Gubin in 2011 and the type species is Seminobatrachus boltyschkensis.
The Karauridae are a family of stem-group salamanders (Caudata) that are known from the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous in Central Asia, Northern Asia and Western Europe. The family includes four members: Karaurus from the Middle-Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan, Kokartus from the Middle Jurassic Balabansai Formation of Kyrgyzstan, Marmorerpeton from the Middle Jurassic Forest Marble Formation of England and Kilmaluag Formation of Scotland, and Kuzbassia from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian) Ilek Formation. The members are some of the oldest known salamanders. The family is united by several morphological characters, including sculptured skull roof bones. Like some modern salamanders, karaurids were neotenic. Members of the family likely fed via suction feeding on small fish and invertebrates. The Early Cretaceous Siberian Kulgeriherpeton has been suggested to be a karaurid by some authors.
Polistodon is an extinct genus of tritylodonts from the Bajocian or Callovian of China. It contains one species, P. chuannanensis, which is known from a single skull from the Xiashaximiao Formation. According to one study, it may be a species of the genus Stereognathus.
Stereognathus is an extinct genus of tritylodontid cynodonts from the Middle Jurassic of the United Kingdom. There is a single named species: S. ooliticus, named after the Great Oolite deposits of England. A second species, S. hebridicus, was named after the Hebrides in Scotland, where it was found; it was synonymized with S. ooliticus in 2017.
Xenocretosuchus is an extinct genus of tritylodont therapsids from the Aptian Ilek Formation of Siberia, in the Russian Federation. The type species, X. sibiricus, is known only from dental elements, as is X. kolossovi, described from the Batylykh Formation in 2008. Some authors have treated these species as part of the genus Stereognathus, otherwise known from the Middle Jurassic of Britain, but this is rejected by other authors.
The Ilek Formation is a Lower Cretaceous geologic formation in Western Siberia. Many different fossils have been recovered from the formation. It overlies the Late Jurassic Tyazhin Formation and underlies the Albian Kiya Formation.
Tengrisaurus is a genus of lithostrotian sauropod, from the Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian) Murtoi Formation, Russia. It was described in 2017 by Averianov & Skutschas. The type species is T. starkovi. New remains were described in 2021 by Averianov, Sizov & Skutschas.
Maiopatagium is an extinct genus of gliding euharamiyids which existed in Asia during the Jurassic period. It possessed a patagium between its limbs and presumably had similar lifestyle to living flying squirrels and colugos. The type species is Maiopatagium furculiferum, which was described from the Tiaojishan Formation by Zhe-Xi Luo in 2017; it lived in what is now the Liaoning region of China during the late Jurassic .Maiopatagium and Vilevolodon, described concurrently, offer clues to the ways various synapsids have taken to the skies over evolutionary time scales. A second species, M. sibiricum, was described from the Bathonian aged Itat Formation in western Siberia, Russia in 2019
Kermackodon is a genus of extinct allotherian mammaliform, known from the Middle Jurassic of England. It combines features of multituberculates with those of euharamyidans. The remains of type species, K. multicuspis were collected from Kirtlington Quarry in Oxford, England, by a team lead from UCL led by Professor Kenneth Kermack after whom the taxon is named, from sediments of the Forest Marble Formation, dating to the Bathonian stage of the Middle Jurassic. The genus and species were named by Percy M. Butler and Jerry Hooker in 2005. The remains comprise a left upper molar (M2), a lower last premolar, initially considered a left but later considered more likely to be right (p4), and an incomplete non-last upper premolar. A second species, K. oxfordensis, from Kirtlington and also sediments of the White Limestone Formation at Woodeaton Quarry was assigned to the genus in 2022, originally placed in the separate genus Eleutherodon. A 2020 study considered it to be more closely related to mutlituberculates than to euharamiyidans, while the 2022 study considered it to be a member of Euharamiyida.
Sibirotherium is an extinct genus of docodont mammaliaform. It is known from only a single named species, Sibirotherium rossicum, known from jaw fragments and teeth found in the Early Cretaceous (Aptian) aged Ilek Formation in western Siberia, alongside Khorotherium also from Siberia, it is one of the youngest docodonts.
Kiyacursor is an extinct genus of noasaurid theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Ilek Formation of Russia. The genus contains a single species, K. longipes, known from a partial skeleton. Kiyacursor represents the first Early Cretaceous ceratosaur discovered in Asia, as well as the second non-avian theropod named from Russia, after Kileskus in 2010.
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