Volkswagen Passat (B2)

Last updated
Volkswagen Passat (B2)
VW Passat GL 1980-85 (2019-11-24 Sp r).JPG
Volkswagen Passat B2 Hatchback (1980–1985)
Overview
Also called
Production
  • 1981–1988
  • 1983–1985 (China; CKD)
  • 1985–2013 (China; full production) [1] [2]
Assembly
Designer Luca Rezzonico
Body and chassis
Class Mid-size car / Large family car (D)
Body style 2-door saloon/sedan (Latin America)
3/5-door fastback/hatchback
4-door saloon/sedan (Santana)
5-door estate/wagon
Layout Longitudinal front engine,
front-wheel drive or
four-wheel drive
Platform Volkswagen Group B2
Related Audi 80 (B2)
Ford Versailles
Ford Royale
Volkswagen Quantum
Volkswagen Santana
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,550 mm (100.4 in) [4]
Length3/5d: 4,435 mm (174.6 in) [4]
Variant: 4,540 mm (178.7 in) [4]
Santana: 4,545 mm (178.9 in) [4]
Width1,685 mm (66.3 in) [4]
Santana: 1,695 mm (66.7 in) [4]
facelifted Santana: 1,710 mm (67.3 in)
Height1,385 mm (54.5 in) [4]
Santana: 1,400 mm (55.1 in) [4]
54.8 in (1,392 mm) (GL)
58 in (1,473 mm) (GL Syncro)
facelifted Santana: 1,427 mm (56.2 in)
Chronology
Predecessor Volkswagen Passat (B1)
Successor Volkswagen Passat (B3)

The Volkswagen Passat (B2) is an automobile which was produced by German manufacturer Volkswagen from 1981 to 1988. It was the second generation of the Volkswagen Passat, which platform was slightly longer than the preceding Passat (B1). As with the previous generation, it was based on the platform of the Audi 80; the corresponding B2 version of which had been already launched in 1978. The Santana was also manufactured in China, Brazil, Mexico (as the Corsar, from 1984 and 1988) and Argentina (as the Carat between 1987 and 1991). In Brazil, the Santana station wagon was sold as the Quantum. In the United States, both the Santana sedan and station wagon were sold as the Quantum. The Passat saloon and estate were produced in South Africa for their local market until 1987. The production of Passat B2 in China ended in January 2013. [2]

Contents

History

The body configurations for the Passat B2 included hatchback, Variant (estate/wagon), and a three-box saloon which, until the 1985 facelift, was marketed as the Volkswagen Santana in Europe. In most markets, the equipment levels were renamed from L/LS/GLS to CL/GL/CD. The four-wheel drive Syncro Variant was introduced in April 1984, initially only with the 2-litre five-cylinder engine. In August, the more powerful 2.2-litre option was added.

Like the previous generation, the B2 Passat was mainly sold with four-cylinder petrol and diesel engines. Unlike its predecessor, however, top-of the line versions received five-cylinder Audi or VW engines of 1.92.2 litres. [3] [5] In addition to four- and five-speed manuals and three-speed automatic gearboxes, the Passat/Santana was also available with Volkswagen's interesting 4+E transmission. This, also called the "Formel E", had an overdrive fourth and an even taller fifth gear, which combined with a freewheeling mechanism to provide better gas mileage but less impressive performance. Originally, this was the only five-speed transmission offered with the Passat B2. [6] An automatic stop/start was also available in some markets.

The four-wheel drive system used in the Passat Variant Syncro shared the mechanics of the Audi 80 quattro rather than the Volkswagen Golf Syncro. When first shown, at the 1983 Frankfurt Motor Show, the car was meant to be called the "Passat Tetra". [7] The Syncro's bottom plate was almost entirely different, requiring a transmission tunnel, a relocated gas tank, and no spare tire well (to make room for the complex rear axle assembly). Unlike the related Audi 80 quattro which used a reversed front wheel setup, the rear-axle was an adapted Volkswagen Transporter unit which enabled retaining a flat loading floor. Only the more popular estate was deemed worthy of reengineering, so as to not offer direct competition with the sedan-only Audi 80 quattro. [7] Syncro was also available in the American market, only with the five-cylinder engine.

IRVW II

The IRVW II is a modified Passat B2 from 1980. It was built for research on fuel economy in automobiles.

1985 Facelift

In January 1985, the range received a facelift with revised bumpers, interior, and front grille. The hatchbacks versions also received a new rear design, with broad and slim taillights replacing the earlier tall and skinny units. It also has a small integrated spoiler at the rear, and a flush-mounted rear windshield for lower wind resistance and a less cluttered appearance. [8] The three-door hatchback was discontinued while the separate Santana nameplate was dropped in Europe. The saloon's name as well as the front end were now the same as the hatchback and estate, and the small price increase for the sedan was eliminated. [9] The Passat GT was a new model, available as a liftback or station wagon. The Variant was now also available with the smallest 1.3-liter engine. [9]

The Passat Variant Syncro, after a few months in production in the pre-facelift design, was also updated along with the rest of the line. Its equipment and appearance was now aligned with the GT trim, including the alloy wheels. [8] All five-cylinder Passats received power steering as standard equipment, to minimize the effects of this engine's greater weight. [8] Equipment levels were increased somewhat but were still spartan, even by the standard of the time. The mid-level Passat CL only now received indicator lights for the parking brake and brake fluid level, but these were still not installed in the Passat C. [10] In August 1985 a catalyzed version of the 2.2-liter five-cylinder Syncro was introduced, producing 120 PS (88 kW). In January 1986 the Syncro programme was further expanded with a C model, fitted with the catalyzed 90 PS (66 kW) 1.8-liter inline-four engine.

On 31 March 1988 production ended (although Syncro models continued in production until June) with 3,345,248 built in Germany. World production totaled approximately 4.5 million units.

Quantum (United States)

In the United States (this generation was not sold in Canada), the Passat/Santana was marketed as the Volkswagen Quantum beginning with the 1982 model year. The federalized model was, as is typical, fitted with much larger bumpers and sealed beam headlights as well as side marker lights. Various emission controls also added to the cars' overall weight. The add-ons increased the Quantum's wind resistance to drag coefficient of  Cd =0.41. [11] The Quantum was available in three-door hatchback (marketed as a "Coupe" and accordingly fitted with a rear spoiler), four-door Sedan, and Wagon forms. The five-door hatchback was never marketed in the US and the three-door hatchback was dropped after less than two years. There was a standard model and an available GL option, which added power windows, locks, and mirrors, as well as rear headrests, cruise control, and other extras. [11] The 2.1-liter five-cylinder engine was introduced for 1983 as the Quantum GL-5. The Syncro station wagon was only offered with this engine.

The original engine used in the Quantum was the 1.7-liter inline-four also used in many other Volkswagens and Audis (as well as the Dodge Omni/Plymouth Horizon); there was no diesel option at first. The fuel injected 1.7 produces 74 hp (55 kW) at 5,000 rpm and was coupled to the high-geared 4+E transmission or to a three-speed automatic. While extremely fuel efficient at steady highway speeds, the tall gearing meant the somewhat underpowered engine had to work hard in most American conditions and real world fuel economy was not impressive in period tests. [12] This changed with the 1983 model year, when the 2.1-liter, five-cylinder GL-5 version was added to the lineup (displacing 2144 cc, this was usually referred to as a "2.2" in Volkswagen's promotional material). The turbodiesel engine was mentioned as soon to be introduced in the 1983 catalog, but it would not go on sale for about two more years. The 1.7 was discontinued at the end of this year, in favor of Volkswagen's 1.8-liter version of the same engine with 88 hp (66 kW) at 5,500 rpm (only available on the Quantum Wagon). [3] For 1985, the long promised 1.6-liter turbodiesel with 68 hp (51 kW) at 5,500 rpm was added to the GL sedan and the five-cylinder gasoline engine was enlarged to 2.2 liters and 110 hp (82 kW) at 5,500 rpm. [13] For 1986, only the five-cylinder Quantum GL sedan remained available. For 1987 the Quantum received European-style composite headlamps and the wagon made a comeback, now equipped as the GL Sedan but also available with the Syncro all-wheel drive system. The lineup remained unchanged for 1988, the Quantum's final year on sale.

Engines

Petrol

ModelMixture formationCylinderDisplacementcm³Max. powerkW (PS) at RPMMax. torqueNm at RPMEngine

code

Catalytic converterProduction periodnotes
1.3 carburetor 4127240 (55) / 580090 / 3400FY10/1980–07/1983
44 (60) / 580095 / 3800FZExport models
129644 (60) / 5600100 / 3500EP08/1983–07/1986
1.6carburetor4158848 (65) / 5000115 / 3000WP10/1980–12/1981For countries with lower octane fuel
51 (70) / 5600121 / 3000YY10/1980–07/1981For Austria
51 (70) / 5200123 / 3200WVA08/1981–07/1983
55 (75) / 5600119 / 3000WY11/1980–07/1983For Switzerland and Sweden
121 / 3200YN10/1980–07/1981
121 / 3200WV08/1981–07/1983
63 (85) / 5600127 / 3200YP02/1981–12/1982
carburetor4159551 (70) / 5200118 / 2700PPG-Kat03/1987–03/1988
53 (72) / 5200120 / 2700RLU-Kat04/1986–03/1988
55 (75) / 5500125 / 2500JU08/1983–07/1987
55 (75) / 5000DT08/1983–03/1988
1.7carburetor4171555 (74 hp) / 5000122 / 3000WTG-Kat08/1981–07/1983Only for the USA
1.8carburetor4178164 (87) / 5000143 / 3200RMU-Kat10/1986–03/1988
66 (90) / 5200145 / 3300DS01/1983–03/1988
JV08/1983–12/1987
KE-Jetronic 66 (90) / 5500137 / 3250JNG-Kat01/1984–03/1988
66 (88 hp) / 5500130 / 325008/1983–07/1985USA (Quantum)
K-Jetronic 82 (112) / 5800160 / 3500DZ03/1984–12/1984
1.9carburetor5192185 (115) / 5900154 / 3700WN10/1980–07/1983
2.0K-Jetronic5199483 (113) / 5400160 / 3200SKU-Kat04/1986–11/1986
85 (115) / 5400JS08/1983–03/1988
HP08/1983–03/1988with EGR; for Switzerland and Sweden
MPI 103 (140) / 6400175 / 4800JDG-Kat01/1987–10/198920 valves; only for Japan
2.1K-Jetronic5214485 (115) / 5300168 / 4000WE-04/1981–07/1983with EGR; for Switzerland and Sweden
75 (100 hp) / 5500152 / 3000G-Kat08/1982–07/1984USA (Quantum)
2.2KE-Jetronic5222685 (115) / 5500165 / 2500KXG-Kat08/1985–03/1988
82 (110 hp) / 550008/1984–1988USA (Quantum)
K-Jetronic100 (136) / 5700184 / 3550KV01/1985–03/1988
HY08/1984–03/1988with EGR; for Switzerland and Sweden
KE-Jetronic88 (120) / 5500170 / 3000JTG-Kat08/1985–07/1988Only for Syncro
86 (115 hp) / 5500171 / 300008/1986–1988USA (Quantum GL Syncro)

Diesel

ModelIntake ChargingCylinderDisplacementcm³Max. powerkW (PS) at RPMMax. torqueNm at RPMEngine

code

Production periodnotes
1.6 DNaturally Aspirated4158840 (54) / 4800102 / 2000CR10/1980–07/1982
40 (54) / 4800100 / 2300JK08/1982–03/1988
1.6 TDExhaust gas Turbocharger51 (70) / 4500133 / 2500CY08/1981–03/1988
51 (70) / 4500133 / 2800MD08/1984–07/1985Only for the USA
1.6 TD (LLK)Exhaust gas Turbochargerwith intercooler 59 (80) / 4500155 / 2600RA05/1986–03/1988only installed in test vehicles, later in the Golf II

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ford Laser</span> Motor vehicle

The Ford Laser is a compact car, originally a subcompact car in the first three generations, which was sold by Ford in Asia, Oceania, and parts of South America and Africa. It has generally been available as a sedan or hatchback, although convertible, wagon and pick-up versions have also been available in different markets. The sedan, and briefly station wagon, versions were badged Ford Meteor in Australia between 1982 and 1987. The Ford Meteor name was also used in South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Passat</span> Car model series

The Volkswagen Passat is a nameplate of large family cars (D-segment) manufactured and marketed by the German automobile manufacturer Volkswagen since 1973 and also marketed variously as the Dasher, Santana, Quantum, Magotan, Corsar and Carat — in saloon, estate, and hatchback body styles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Santana</span> Motor vehicle

The Volkswagen Santana is a nameplate used by Volkswagen for various sedans and station wagons since 1983. The first generation is based on the second-generation Volkswagen Passat (B2). It was introduced in 1981 while production started in 1983 for China. The use of the "Santana" badge rather than "Passat" echoes the use of different names for the sedan versions of the Polo (Derby) and Golf (Jetta).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Gol</span> A subcompact car manufactured by Volkswagen do Brasil

The Volkswagen Gol is a subcompact car that was manufactured by Volkswagen do Brasil from 1980 to 2023 as Volkswagen's entry-level car in the Latin American market—where it succeeded the Volkswagen Type 1 (Fusca) and the Volkswagen Brasilia. Several variants of the Gol-derived Voyage and Parati were marketed in North America as the Volkswagen Fox from 1987 to 1993.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Audi 100</span> Car model

The Audi 100 and Audi 200 are primarily mid-size/executive cars manufactured and marketed by the Audi division of the Volkswagen Group. The car was made from 1968 to 1997 across four generations (C1–C4), with a two-door model available in the first and second generation (C1-C2), and a five-door model available in the last three generations (C2–C4).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Audi 80</span> Motor vehicle

The Audi 80 is a compact executive car produced by the Audi subdivision of the Volkswagen Group across four generations from 1966 to 1996. It shared its platform with the Volkswagen Passat from 1973 to 1986 and was available as a saloon, and station wagon — the latter marketed by Audi as the Avant. The coupé and convertible models were not badged as members of the range, but used a derivative of the same platforms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nissan Pulsar</span> Motor vehicle

The Nissan Pulsar is a line of automobiles produced by the Japanese automaker Nissan from 1978 until 2000, when it was replaced by the Nissan Bluebird Sylphy in the Japanese market.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mitsubishi Mirage</span> Range of automobiles

The Mitsubishi Mirage is a range of cars produced by the Japanese manufacturer Mitsubishi from 1978 until 2003 and again since 2012. The hatchback models produced between 1978 and 2003 were classified as subcompact cars, while the sedan and station wagon models, marketed prominently as the Mitsubishi Lancer, were the compact offerings. The liftback introduced in 1988 complemented the sedan as an additional compact offering, and the coupé of 1991 fitted in with the subcompact range. The current Mirage model is a subcompact hatchback and sedan and it replaces the Mitsubishi Colt sold between 2002 and 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suzuki Cultus</span> Supermini car

The Suzuki Cultus is a supermini car produced by the Japanese manufacturer Suzuki from 1983 to 2016. The nameplate is currently used as a rebadged second-generation Suzuki Celerio in Pakistan since 2017. It was first presented at the 25th Tokyo Motor Show, formally introduced to Japan in 1983 and ultimately sold in seven countries and marketed worldwide as the Suzuki Swift. An alliance formed in 1981 between General Motors, Suzuki and Isuzu allowed GM to market the Cultus as a captive import internationally under more than a dozen nameplates including the Geo Metro, Chevrolet Sprint, Pontiac Firefly, Isuzu Geminett and Holden Barina. It was also known as the M-car within GM.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daewoo Lacetti</span> Compact car by GM Korea

The Daewoo Lacetti is a compact car manufactured and marketed globally by GM Korea since 2002. The first-generation Lacetti was available as a four-door sedan and five-door station wagon, styled by Pininfarina—and five-door hatchback styled by Giorgetto Giugiaro. The sedan and wagon were marketed as the Daewoo Nubira in some European markets and as the Suzuki Forenza in North America. The hatchback, was introduced in 2004 and marketed as Daewoo Lacetti5 in South Korea, Suzuki Reno in the United States. After the 2004 model year, it was marketed as Chevrolet Nubira and Lacetti in Europe, as the Chevrolet Optra in Canada, Latin America, Africa, Middle East, India, Pakistan, Japan and Southeast Asia, and as the Holden Viva in Australia and New Zealand.

The Volkswagen Group B platform is a mid-size automobile platform from the Volkswagen Group. It has been used for saloon cars/sedans, estate cars/station wagon, and coupés - under the Volkswagen Passenger Cars, Audi, SEAT and Škoda marques.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Vento (A05)</span> Motor vehicle

The Volkswagen Vento is a subcompact car produced by the Volkswagen India and Volkswagen Russia subsidiaries of the German manufacturer Volkswagen since 2010. It is essentially a three-box Volkswagen Polo with a stretched wheelbase and has been developed especially for some markets. The car is sold under the Vento nameplate in India, Malaysia, Brunei and Mexico. In Thailand, South Africa, Argentina, Russia, Jordan, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and the Middle East, it is sold as the Volkswagen Polo Sedan. The name Vento means 'wind' in both Italian and Portuguese. It is also known as the Volkswagen Polo Notch in the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Golf Mk2</span> Second generation of Golf compact car

The Volkswagen Golf Mk2 is a hatchback, the second generation of the Volkswagen Golf and the successor to the Volkswagen Golf Mk1. It was Volkswagen's highest volume seller from 1983 and ended in (German) production in late 1992, to be replaced by the Volkswagen Golf Mk3. The Mk2 was larger than the Mk1; its wheelbase grew slightly, as did exterior dimensions. Weight was up accordingly by about 120 kg (260 lb). Exterior design, developed in-house by VW design director Schäfer, kept the general lines of its Giugiaro-designed predecessor, but was slightly more rounded. All told, about 6.3 million second-generation Golfs were built.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Passat (North America and China)</span> Car model series

The Volkswagen Passat for the North American and Chinese markets is a mid-size sedan that debuted in January 2011 at the Detroit Auto Show. It replaced the B6 Passat in the North American market. The Passat NMS was marketed in North America, the Middle East, South Korea and China, with no wagon/estate version available. In China, it is sold alongside the long-wheelbase version of the European Passat known as the Magotan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toyota Corolla (E90)</span> Sixth generation of Toyota Corolla

The Corolla E90 was the sixth generation of cars sold by Toyota under the Corolla nameplate, introduced in 1987 for the 1988 model year. It was the last generation of Corolla to be classified as a subcompact car and the first to be exclusively front-wheel drive or all-wheel drive; the performance option of rear-wheel drive was dropped.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Honda Civic (third generation)</span> Third generation of Honda Civic

The third-generation Honda Civic is an automobile which was produced by Honda from 1983 until 1987. It was introduced in September 1983 for the 1984 model year. The Civic's wheelbase was increased by 2–5 inches (5.1–12.7 cm) to 93.7 inches (238 cm) for the hatchback or 96.5 inches (245 cm) for the sedan. A three-door hatchback/kammback, four-door sedan, the five-door "Shuttle" station wagon, and sporting CRX coupé shared common underpinnings. This included MacPherson strut suspension with torsion bars in the front and a rear beam with coil springs. However, the body panels were largely different between models. The Civic-based Honda Quint five-door hatchback also underwent a model change, and became the Honda Quint Integra, available as both a three- and five-door fastback. The Quint Integra was sold at the Japanese Honda Verno dealership along with the CR-X. The Civic in Japan was now exclusive to Honda Primo, along with Honda's kei cars as well as superminis like the Honda City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Polo Mk5</span> Motor vehicle

The Volkswagen Polo Mk5 is the fifth generation of the Polo, a supermini-class car manufactured by Volkswagen since 2009. The vehicle unveiled at the 2009 Geneva Motor Show in March 2009, while the three-door version was unveiled at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show in September 2009. A four-door long-wheelbase sedan version has been produced and sold outside Europe in several emerging markets since 2010 either as the Volkswagen Vento or the Volkswagen Polo sedan. A short-wheelbase sedan version was sold in India between 2016 and 2020 as the Volkswagen Ameo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Passat (B1)</span> Motor vehicle

The Volkswagen Passat (B1) is a large family car produced by Volkswagen in West Germany from 1973 to 1981.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Passat (B3)</span> Motor vehicle

The third-generation Volkswagen Passat, known as Volkswagen Passat B3 or Volkswagen Passat 35i, was introduced in March 1988 in Europe, 1989 in North America, and 1995 in South America; it was also briefly available in Australia in 1991, when a total of 14 Passat GL 16V in sedan and wagon versions were sold by then importer TKM. Unlike the previous two generations of the Passat, the B3 was not available as a fastback - only 4-door sedan and 5-door station wagon versions were available, setting the precedent for the model for all subsequent generations to date. Its curvy looks were a contrast from the boxy appearance of its predecessor and owed much to the "jelly mould" style pioneered by Ford with the Sierra and Taurus. The lack of a grille, utilizing the bottom breather approach, made the car's front end styling reminiscent of older, rear-engined Volkswagens such as the 411, and also doubled as a modern styling trend. The styling was developed from the 1981 aerodynamic Auto 2000 concept car.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen Passat (B6)</span> Motor vehicle

The Volkswagen Passat is a front-engine D-segment large family car manufactured and marketed by Volkswagen from 2005 to 2011 (B6) and from 2010 to 2015. Respectively the six and seventh generation Passat, and internally designated B6 and B7, they were marketed in sedan and wagon bodystyles in front-wheel as well as all-wheel drive configurations, with a range of petrol and diesel engines.

References

  1. "Santana Variant in China". 18 June 2014.
  2. 1 2 "再见了 普桑" [Goodbye, Santana Sedan] (in Chinese). CCTV News. Retrieved 2013-01-22.
  3. 1 2 3 Flammang, James M. (1994). Standard Catalog of Imported Cars, 1946-1990. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, Inc. pp. 639–642. ISBN   0-87341-158-7.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Auto Katalog 1983. Stuttgart: Vereinigte Motor-Verlage GmbH & Co. KG. 1982. pp. 206–207.
  5. World Cars 1982. Pelham, NY: The Automobile Club of Italy/Herald Books. 1982. pp. 135–137. ISBN   0-910714-14-2.
  6. Sundfeldt, Björn (1982-06-02). "Klasskamp" [Class Struggle]. Teknikens Värld (in Swedish). Vol. 34, no. 12. Stockholm, Sweden: Specialtidningsförlaget AB. pp. 22–23.
  7. 1 2 Verhelle, Tony (13 October 1983). "Frankfurt: vervolg en slot" [Frankfurt continued]. De AutoGids (in Flemish). 5 (106). Brussels, Belgium: Uitgeverij Auto-Magazine: 36–37.
  8. 1 2 3 Visart, Etienne, ed. (1985-02-07). "De Volkswagen Passat 1985" [The 1985 Volkswagen Passat]. De AutoGids (in Flemish). 6 (140). Brussels, Belgium: Uitgeverij Auto-Magazine: 12.
  9. 1 2 Visart, ed., p. 11
  10. Visart, ed., p. 13
  11. 1 2 Nagy, Bob (November 1982). "A pair of tasty tourers for middle-class sybarites". Motor Trend . Vol. 34, no. 11. Petersen Publishing Co. p. 49.
  12. Nagy, p. 56
  13. 1985 Quantum (brochure), Volkswagen North America, 1984, p. 11, archived from the original on 2022-11-23 via A2Resource