Waycross Air Line Railroad

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Waycross Air Line Railroad
Atlantic and Birmingham Railroad (1901–1903)
Atlantic and Birmingham Railway (1903–1906)
CSX7778 CORDELE 71521.jpg
A CSX Transportation freight train in Cordele, Georgia on the former Waycross Air Line Railroad mainline
Overview
Current operator CSX Transportation
Dates of operation18901906
Successor Atlanta, Birmingham and Atlantic Railway
Technical
Track gauge 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Route map

Contents

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CSX
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ANB 788.1
Manchester
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Coleoatchee Creek
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ANB 781.1
Woodland
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ANB 770.3
Talbotton
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Norfolk Southern Columbus District
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ANB 762.1
Junction City
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ANB 755.3
Mauk
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ANB 750.9
Charing
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ANB 745.9
Rupert
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Cedar Creek
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Sand Creek
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ANB 736.6
Ideal
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Buck Creek
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Oglethorpe Yard
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ANB 728.2
Oglethorpe
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Norfolk Southern Albany District
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ANB 726.3
Montezuma
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ANB 717.5
Dooling
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ANB 715.3
Byromville
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Georgia 90.svg SR 90
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ANB 710.0
Lilly
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ANB 704.5
Vienna
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Heart of Georgia Railroad
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Norfolk Southern
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ANB 694.7
Cordele
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Heart of Georgia Railroad
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Redoak Creek
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ANB 672.8
Rebecca
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Alapaha River
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ANB 659.7
Fitzgerald
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ANB 640.7
Ambrose
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ANB 629.2
Douglas
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Seventeen Mile River
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ANB 615.9
Nicholls
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ANB 613.0
Sessoms
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fmr. Brunswick and Birmingham Railroad
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Kettle Creek
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Pearson Spur
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ANB 586.5
Waycross
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US 82.svg US 82 Georgia 520.svg SR 520
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Thomasville-Jesup Wye (southern terminus)
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CSX

The Waycross Air Line Railroad, chartered in 1887, was an air-line railroad in Georgia. It began operations between Waycross and Sessoms in 1890. In 1901, the railroad had extended as far as Fitzgerald, Georgia, at which time its charter was amended for an extension to Birmingham, Alabama, and it was renamed the Atlantic and Birmingham Railroad. That company purchased the Tifton and Northeastern Railroad and Tifton, Thomasville and Gulf Railway on December 3, 1903, changing its name to the Atlantic and Birmingham Railway. In 1906, the Atlantic and Birmingham Railway was in turn purchased by the Atlanta, Birmingham and Atlantic Railway, which continued expansion towards Birmingham.

The Atlanta, Birmingham and Atlantic Railway changed hands again in 1926, becoming the Atlanta, Birmingham and Coast Railroad, a subsidiary of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad. The original Waycross Air Line Railroad main line survived the 1967 ACL and SAL merger into the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad, the acquisition of the Family Lines (CRR, L&N, GA, AWP) into the Seaboard System Railroad in 1982 and finally absorption into the Chessie System to become part of CSX in 1987. As of 2022, it remains in service as an important CSX Transportation line, known as the Fitzgerald Subdivision.

History

Formation

The Waycross Air Line Railroad was originally chartered on October 24, 1887, by the Waycross Lumber Company, which owned a sawmill in Waltertown, Georgia, a distance of seven miles (11 km) from Waycross. [1] [2] Before chartering the Waycross Air Line Railroad, the company had previously operated a short railroad between its mill and Waycross; this formed the beginnings of the WALR. The railroad formally opened in 1890, with 25 miles (40 km) of track from Waycross to Sessoms, Georgia. [3] Following an acquisition by Stilwell, Miller and Company, the WALR expanded, first to Bolen, Georgia, and then further to Nicholls, Georgia. [1]

Expansion

Work on an extension of the line to the city of Fitzgerald, Georgia began on August 15, 1900. [4] Service to that city started on February 26, 1901, following the completion of a new passenger station; a freight station was under construction and planned to open shortly after the passenger station. [5] At the same time, the company also announced plans to expand beyond Fitzgerald in a northwestern direction. [5]

Atlantic and Birmingham Railroad

The Byromville, Georgia station in 1938, operated by the Atlanta, Birmingham and Coast Railroad Station Byromville Georgia LOC fsa 8a03451.jpg
The Byromville, Georgia station in 1938, operated by the Atlanta, Birmingham and Coast Railroad

The company's directors decided to rename the Waycross Air Line Railroad to the Atlantic and Birmingham Railroad on October 25, 1901, as part of a charter modification allowing further expansion. [2] The new name was chosen to indicate the company's plans to connect Birmingham, Alabama, with the Atlantic Ocean. At this point, the company had expanded from its initial seven miles to 150 miles (240 km). [6] Starting from Fitzgerald, new tracks reached Cordele, Georgia on May 25, 1902. [2] The following year additional construction was completed from Cordele as far as Montezuma, Georgia, where the Atlantic and Birmingham Railroad met the Central of Georgia Railway. [3] Plans for construction the rest of the way to Birmingham were underway, with the company launching surveys of a proposed route. [2]

The Atlantic and Birmingham Railroad purchased two smaller railroads in 1903, including the Tifton and Northeastern Railroad and the Tifton, Thomasville and Gulf Railway, between them adding an additional 81 miles (130 km) of track. [3] As part of this merger, the company changed its name from the Atlantic and Birmingham Railroad to the Atlantic and Birmingham Railway. [7] Another railroad, the Brunswick and Birmingham Railroad, was purchased in 1904. [2]

Strike

The Atlantic and Birmingham Railroad was faced with a strike in December 1905. The company's locomotive engineers and firemen had demanded better pay, shorter hours of work, and protection from being summarily fired, demands the railroad refused to accept. As a result, the company's employees, members of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen, began a strike at the end of the day on December 10, 1905, following a unanimous vote in favor of striking. [8]

Atlanta, Birmingham and Atlantic Railway

In 1906, the company was merged into the Atlanta, Birmingham and Atlantic Railroad, which was formed in 1905 specifically to purchase and extend the Atlantic and Birmingham. [9] The AB&A's charter authorized it to build from the existing terminus of the Atlantic and Birmingham at Montezuma to the city of Birmingham, along with a new branch line to Atlanta. [10] Under the AB&A, the railroad finally reached Birmingham in the middle of 1908. [2] However, the company soon ran into financial troubles and was forced into receivership in 1909; it exited receivership in 1915 as the Atlanta, Birmingham and Atlantic Railway. More financial problems led to a foreclosure in 1922, before being again reorganized in 1926 as the Atlanta, Birmingham and Coast Railroad, a subsidiary of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad. [2] Twenty years later, the ACL formally purchased the ABC railroad. [2]

Atlantic Coast Line and successors

Most of the route built by the Waycross Air Line Railroad and its successors remained in service with the Atlantic Coast Line, and continued following the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad merger in 1967, the formation of the Seaboard System Railroad in 1982, and finally absorption into CSX Transportation in 1986. CSX abandoned or truncated several branches of the former system in the 1980s and 1990s, but the majority of it continues in service. [2] The original Waycross Air Line Railroad, along with the extension built by the AB&A to Birmingham, serves as CSX's primary route between Florida and the Midwestern United States, and has been upgraded in portions with double track and concrete ties. [2]

Historic stations

Waycross to Manchester
MilepostCity/LocationStation [11] [12] Connections and notes
ANB 586.5 Waycross Waycrossjunction with:
ANB 591.1Jamestown
ANB 593.1Waltertown
ANB 598.6Haywood
ANB 602.5 Bolen
ANB 606.4 Beach
ANB 609.4Murray
ANB 613.0Sessomsjunction with Brunswick and Birmingham Railroad (AB&C/ACL)
ANB 615.9 Nicholls Nicholls
ANB 620.3Saginaw
ANB 623.5Chatterton
ANB 629.5 Douglas Douglasjunction with Georgia and Florida Railroad (CoG/SOU)
ANB 632.0Upton
ANB 636.4 Bushnell Bushnell
ANB 640.7 Ambrose Ambrose
ANB 643.9 Wray Wray
ANB 649.8 Osierfield Osierfield
ANB 653.6 Ashton Ashton
ANB 659.7 Fitzgerald Fitzgeraldjunction with:
ANB 667.5 Abba Abba
ANB 669.5Arp
ANB 672.8 Rebecca Rebecca
ANB 678.1 Double Run Double Run
ANB 683.1 Hatley Hatley
ANB 688.7Musselwhite
ANB 694.7 Cordele Cordelejunction with:
ANB 697.7Ross
ANB 704.5 Vienna Vienna
ANB 710.0 Lilly Lilly
ANB 715.3 Byromville Byromville
ANB 717.5 Dooling Dooling
ANB 722.8Fields
ANB 726.3 Montezuma Montezuma
ANB 728.2 Oglethorpe Oglethorpejunction with Southwestern Railroad (SOU)
ANB 733.3Bartlett
ANB 736.6 Ideal Ideal
ANB 739.6Southland
ANB 745.9 Rupert Rupert
ANB 750.9 Charing Charing
ANB 755.3 Mauk Mauk
ANB 757.1Norwich
ANB 760.2Brownsand
ANB 762.1 Junction City Junction Cityjunction with Central of Georgia Railway (SOU)
ANB 762.7Paschal
ANB 770.3 Talbotton Talbotton
ANB 775.2Beall
ANB 781.1 Woodland Woodland
ANB 786.4 Chalybeate Springs Chalybeate Springs
ANB 788.1 Manchester Manchester

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The Brunswick and Birmingham Railroad (B&B) was a railroad in southeastern United States. Its main route ran from Brunswick, Georgia to Sessoms.

The Abbeville and Waycross Railroad was incorporated in 1889. The company started building a line between Abbeville, Georgia and Fitzgerald, Georgia in 1890 and finished in 1896. A thirteen-mile stretch of track between Abbeville and Bowens Mill was opened in 1890 and in 1891 was extended to Lulaville. In 1896, entrepreneur John Skelton Williams bought the Abbeville and Waycross Railroad and extended it nine miles from Fitzgerald, Georgia to Ocilla, Georgia. Shortly after that, the Abbeville and Waycross Railroad became part of the Georgia and Alabama Railway.

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References

  1. 1 2 "Building of Rails Here Fascinating Story Says Pigge". Waycross Journal-Herald . Lake Ware. June 19, 1975. p. 5. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Storey, Steve; Ray, David; McDaniel, Matt (November 2018). Historic Railroads of Georgia: A Historic Context Study and Evaluation of Georgia's Historic Railroads Appendix A: Atlanta, Birmingham & Coast Railroad (PDF) (Report). pp. 3–12. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 Jones, Robert C. (March 20, 2017). A History of Georgia Railroads. Arcadia Publishing. p. 96. ISBN   978-1-4396-6012-6. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
  4. "Ground Broken". The Prattville Progress. Fitzgerald, Georgia. August 17, 1900. p. 1. Archived from the original on February 19, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  5. 1 2 "Waycross Air Line Road". The Pine Belt News. Fitzgerald, Georgia. February 28, 1901. p. 3. Archived from the original on February 19, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  6. "Too Short For Headings". The Weekly Tallahasseean. October 25, 1901. p. 8. Archived from the original on February 19, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  7. "Directors Hold Meting". The Troy Messenger. Thomasville, Georgia. December 9, 1903. p. 5. Archived from the original on February 19, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  8. "Railway Trainmen Present Their Case". The Atlanta Constitution. Waycross, Georgia. December 14, 1905. p. 11. Archived from the original on March 1, 2022. Retrieved March 1, 2022.
  9. "Railroad Defaults on Bonds". The Baltimore Sun. January 2, 1909. p. 12. Archived from the original on February 19, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  10. "Road Is 700 Miles Long". The Commercial Appeal. February 5, 1921. p. 10. Archived from the original on February 22, 2022. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  11. "Georgia Railroads: Passenger Stations & Stops" (PDF). The Branch Line Society. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  12. Seaboard Coast Line Railroad Florence and Atlanta Division Timetable (1982)