Xyris montana

Xyris montana
Conservation status
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) [2]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Xyridaceae
Genus:	Xyris
Species:	X. montana
Binomial name
Xyris montana Ries 1892
Synonyms [3] [4]
List Xyris flexuosa var. pusillaA. Gray 1868 not Xyris pusilla R. Br. 1810 Xyris montana f. albifloraB.Boivin Xyris montana f. bracteosaHaberer Xyris papillosaFassett Xyris papillosa var. exsertaFassett

Xyris montana, the northern yelloweyed grass, is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the family Xyridaceae. It grows in eastern and central Canada (from Ontario to Newfoundland) and in the northeastern and north-central United States (from Minnesota to New England and New Jersey).

Description

Xyris montana is a perennial herb up to 30 cm (12 inches) tall with long, narrow, deep-green leaves up to 15 cm (6 inches) long but less than 3 mm (0.12 inches) wide. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

The species typically flowers from the summer to fall. ^[5]

Distribution and habitat

Xryis montana has been found in eastern and central Canada (Ontario to the island of Newfoundland) and in the northeastern and north-central United States (Minnesota to New England and New Jersey). ^{[5] [8]}

Habitat

This species grows in wetlands, banks of streams, and shores of glacial lakes at elevations of 0–500 m (0–1,640 ft) above sea level. Most known populations of this species occur in areas that were affected by the Wisconsin glaciation. ^[5]

Conservation

As of December 2024 ^[update] , the conservation group NatureServe listed Xyris montana as Secure (G5) worldwide. This status was last reviewed on 17 August 2015.

In individual states and provinces, it is listed as Secure (S5) in New York; Apparently Secure (S4) in Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Pennsylvania; Vulnerable (S3) in Minnesota, Newfoundland, New Brunswick, and Quebec; Imperiled (S2) in Connecticut and possibly Massachusetts; Critically Imperiled (S1) in New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont; and No Status Rank (not assessed) in Maine, New Hampshire, and Wisconsin. ^[1]

The largest threat to this species, according to NatureServe, is the destruction of wetland habitats for peat mining, infrastructure development, or other human activities. ^[1]

Taxonomy

The name Xyris montana was first published by Heinrich Ries in 1892. The name was published as a replacement name to Xyris flexuosa var. pusillaA. Gray 1868. ^[9]

Etymology

The specific epithet montana means "of the mountains". ^[10] In English, this species is known as the northern yelloweyed grass, ^[11] and in French, the species is known as xyris des montagnes. ^[1]

References

1. NatureServe (6 December 2024). "Xyris montana| NatureServe Explorer". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
2. Maiz-Tome, L. (2016). "Xyris montana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T64326321A67731282. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T64326321A67731282.en . Retrieved 28 December 2024.
3. "Xyris montana". Tropicos . Missouri Botanical Garden.
4. "Xyris montana". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
5. Kral, Robert (2000). "Xyris montana". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 22. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
6. Ries, Heinrich 1892. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19(2): 38
7. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
8. Kartesz, John T. (2014). "Xyris montana". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP).
9. "Tropicos | Name - Xyris montana". Tropicos. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
10. Dickinson, Richard; Royer, France. Plants of Southern Ontario. Lone Pine Publishing. p. 154. ISBN   9-781774-510568.
11. NRCS. "Xyris montana". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 16 September 2015.

External links

• Go Botany, New England Wildflower Society