Y Carinae

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Y Carinae
YCarLightCurve.png
A light curve for Y Carinae, plotted from Hipparcos data [1]
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Carina
Right ascension 10h 33m 10.85133s [2]
Declination −58° 29′ 55.0959″ [2]
Apparent magnitude  (V)8.16 [3] (7.53 –8.48 [4] )
Characteristics
Spectral type F0/3 [5] + B9V [6]
B−V color index +0.59 [3]
Variable type Classical Cepheid [4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−12.90 [7] km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: −5.83 [2] mas/yr
Dec.: 3.21 [2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.3011±0.0358  mas [8]
Distance approx. 11,000  ly
(approx. 3,300  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)−3.0 [9]
Orbit [9]
PrimaryA
CompanionB
Period (P)1006.9 days
Eccentricity (e)0.437
Semi-amplitude (K1)
(primary)		10.0 km/s
Details
A
Mass 4.9 [10]   M☉
Luminosity 1,250 [9]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)1.800 [3]   cgs
Temperature 5,800 [9]   K
Metallicity −0.230 [3]
Other designations
Y Carinae, Y Car, CD−57°3305, GSC  08613-01464, HD  91595, HIP  51653, 2MASS  J10331084-5829550, SAO  238178, Gaia DR2 5351428787262634624
Database references
SIMBAD data

Y Carinae (Y Car) is a Classical Cepheid variable, a type of variable star, in the constellation Carina. Its apparent magnitude varies from 7.53 to 8.48.

Alexander W. Roberts discovered that the brightness of the star varies, in 1893. [11] [12] The primary Cepheid pulsation period is 3.6 days, but it also pulsates with a secondary period of 2.56 days. It is known as a double-mode Cepheid, or a beat Cepheid since the two periods interfere to produce slow variations at a beat frequency. [9]

The variable primary star is in a triple system with a very close pair of hot main sequence stars. The period of the outer pair is 2.76 years. The inner pair are constrained to orbit in less than 31 days, but the exact nature of the orbit is unknown. The existence of the close binary pair throws into doubt previous calculations of the mass of the pulsating star. The existence of high numbers of triple systems and short period Cepheids suggests that some at least of the short period Cepheids may have formed by mergers. [13]

References

  1. ↑ "Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access". Hipparcos. ESA. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv: 0708.1752 . Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID   18759600.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Soubiran, C.; Le Campion, J.-F.; Cayrel De Strobel, G.; Caillo, A. (2010). "The PASTEL catalogue of stellar parameters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 515: A111. arXiv: 1004.1069 . Bibcode:2010A&A...515A.111S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014247. S2CID   118362423.
  4. 1 2 Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  5. ↑ Houk, Nancy (1975). Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD stars. Vol. 1. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Dept. of Astronomy, University of Michigan. Bibcode:1975MSS...C01....0H.
  6. ↑ Evans, Nancy R. (1992). "The Luminosity of the Double-Mode Cepheid y Carinae". The Astrophysical Journal. 385: 680. Bibcode:1992ApJ...385..680E. doi: 10.1086/170974 .
  7. ↑ Pourbaix, D.; Tokovinin, A. A.; Batten, A. H.; Fekel, F. C.; Hartkopf, W. I.; Levato, H.; Morrell, N. I.; Torres, G.; Udry, S. (2004). "SB9: The ninth catalogue of spectroscopic binary orbits". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 424 (2): 727–732. arXiv: astro-ph/0406573 . Bibcode:2004A&A...424..727P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041213. S2CID   119387088.
  8. ↑ Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Bohm-Vitense, E.; Evans, N. R.; Carpenter, K.; Morgan, S.; Beck-Winchatz, B.; Robinson, R. (1997). "The dynamical mass of the beat cepheid Y carinae and stellar opacities". The Astronomical Journal. 114: 1176. Bibcode:1997AJ....114.1176B. doi:10.1086/118549.
  10. ↑ Evans, Nancy Remage; Berdnikov, Leonid; Lauer, Jennifer; Morgan, Douglas; Nichols, Joy; Günther, H. Moritz; Gorynya, Natalya; Rastorguev, Alexey; Moskalik, Pawel (2015). "Binary Properties from Cepheid Radial Velocities (CRaV)". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (1): 13. arXiv: 1505.05823 . Bibcode:2015AJ....150...13E. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/1/13. S2CID   54943097.
  11. ↑ Cannon, Annie J. (1907). "Second catalogue of variable stars". Annals of Harvard College Observatory. 55: 1–94. Bibcode:1907AnHar..55....1C . Retrieved 12 January 2025.
  12. ↑ "A. W. Roberts' handwritten notes and observations of Y Carinae (Part 2 of 2)". Endangered Archives Programme. British Library. Retrieved 12 January 2025.
  13. ↑ Evans, Nancy Remage; Carpenter, Kenneth G.; Robinson, Richard; Kienzle, Francesco; Dekas, Anne E. (2005). "High-Mass Triple Systems: The Classical Cepheid Y Carinae". The Astronomical Journal. 130 (2): 789–793. arXiv: astro-ph/0504169 . Bibcode:2005AJ....130..789E. doi:10.1086/430458. S2CID   119342828.
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