Zechariah 11

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Zechariah 11
  chapter 10
chapter 12  
CodexGigas 118 MinorProphets.jpg
Book of Zechariah (6:15-13:9) in Latin in Codex Gigas, made around 13th century.
Book Book of Zechariah
Category Nevi'im
Christian Bible part Old Testament
Order in the Christian part38

Zechariah 11 is the eleventh of the 14 chapters in the Book of Zechariah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. [1] [2] [3] This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Zechariah. In the Hebrew Bible it is part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets. [4] This chapter is a part of a section consisting of Zechariah 914, [5] attributed to the so-called "Second Zechariah", an anonymous successor to the Zechariah of chapters 1-8. [6]

Contents

Text

The original text was written in the Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 17 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Codex Cairensis (from year 895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (930), and Codex Leningradensis (1008). [7] [8] Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, that is, 4Q82 (4QXIIg; 50–25 BCE) with extant verses 1–2. [9] [10] [11] [12]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century). [13]

Desolation of Israel (verses 1–3)

These verses form a taunting song against the leadership of the people, or even the temple, alluding to Jeremiah 25:36. [6] This section is a so-called 'link passage' using the 'stitch words' 'Lebanon' (cf 10:12; 11:1) and 'shepherds' (10:3; 11:3, 4). [6] The passage has been interpreted as a reference to the second temple after the destruction of that temple in AD 70. [6]

Verse 1

Open your doors, O Lebanon,
that the fire may devour your cedars! [14]

Biblical scholar Katrina Larkin notes that both rabbinic tradition and the Dead Sea Scrolls use the word "Lebanon" to refer to the temple in Jerusalem. [6]

Prophecy of the Shepherds (verses 4–17)

In this section, verses 4–6 introduce a prophet who plays a "shepherd" and is strongly identified with YHWH, with the people of Israel as the "flock", and their leaders as "merchants". [6] The passage alludes to Ezekiel 37:15–28, but controversially turning Ezekiel's image of unity into one of threefold disunity (verses 9, 10, 14). [15] .

Verse 4

Thus said the Lord my God: "Become shepherd of the flock doomed to slaughter". [16]

The implied words [said] "to me" are added in some versions. [17]

Verse 12

And I said unto them,
If ye think good, give me my price;
and if not, forbear.
So they weighed for my price thirty pieces of silver. [18]

Verse 13

And the Lord said to me, “Throw it to the potter”—that princely price they set on me. So I took the thirty pieces of silver and threw them into the house of the Lord for the potter. [24]

This saying is attributed to Jeremiah (as a form of midrash on Jeremiah 1819) in the New Testament (Matthew 26:15; Matthew 27:3-10). [26]

Verses 15-17

Verses 15–16 contain the image of an antitype to the good shepherd, echoing similar imagery found in Ezekiel 34:3–4 , while verse 17 counteracts verses 15–16 with an oracle of woe against the worthless shepherd. [27]

See also

Notes and references

  1. Collins 2014, p. 428.
  2. Hayes 2015, Chapter 23.
  3. Zechariah, Book of. Jewish Encyclopedia
  4. Mason 1993, pp. 826–828.
  5. Coogan 2007, p. 1357 Hebrew Bible.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Larkin 2007, p. 613.
  7. Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
  8. Boda 2016, pp. 2–3.
  9. Boda 2016, p. 3.
  10. Dead sea scrolls – Zechariah
  11. Ulrich 2010, p. 622.
  12. Fitzmyer 2008, p. 39.
  13. Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
  14. Zechariah 11:1: English Standard Version
  15. Larkin 2007, pp. 613–614.
  16. Zechariah 11:4: English Standard Version
  17. Zechariah 11:4: Good News Translation
  18. Zechariah 11:12 KJV
  19. Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). On "Zechariah 11". In: The Pulpit Commentary . 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019.
  20. Jamieson, Robert; Fausset, Andrew Robert; Brown, David. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible . "Zechariah 11". 1871.
  21. 1 2 Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Bible - Zechariah 11. James Murphy (ed). London: Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.
  22. Bereshit Rabba, sect. 98. fol. 85. 3.
  23. Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible. "Zechariah 11". Published in 1746-1763.
  24. Zechariah 11:13 NKJV
  25. Coogan 2007, p. 1367 Hebrew Bible.
  26. Coogan 2007, pp. 1367 Hebrew Bible, 52 New Testament.
  27. Larkin 2007, p. 614.

Sources

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Christian