Zinc stearate

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Zinc stearate
basic zinc stearate Zn4(Stearate)6O.png
basic zinc stearate
Zinc distearate Zn(stearate)2.svg
Zinc distearate
Names
IUPAC name
zinc octadecanoate
Other names
zinc distearate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.008.321 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 209-151-9
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • ZH5200000
UNII
UN number 3077
  • InChI=1S/2C18H36O2.Zn/c2*1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20;/h2*2-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20);/q;;+2/p-2 Yes check.svgY
    Key: XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/2C18H36O2.Zn/c2*1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20;/h2*2-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20);/q;;+2/p-2
    Key: XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-NUQVWONBAX
  • [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.[O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
Properties
C36H70O4Zn
Molar mass 632.33 g·mol−1
Appearancesoft, white powder
Odor slight, characteristic [1]
Density 1.095 g/cm3, solid
Melting point 120 to 130 °C (248 to 266 °F; 393 to 403 K)
Boiling point decomposes
insoluble
Solubility in Ethanol insoluble
Solubility in ether insoluble
Solubility in benzene slightly soluble
Hazards
GHS labelling: [2]
GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg
Warning
H335, H400, H413
P261, P271, P273, P304+P340, P312, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704.svgHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuelInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
2
0
Flash point 277 °C (531 °F; 550 K)
420 °C (788 °F; 693 K)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 15 mg/m3 (total) TWA 5 mg/m3 (resp) [1]
REL (Recommended)
TWA 10 mg/m3 (total) TWA 5 mg/m3 (resp) [1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
N.D. [1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Yes check.svgY  verify  (what is  Yes check.svgYX mark.svgN ?)

Zinc stearate describes compounds of zinc and stearate (C17H35CO−2. The idealized zinc stearate has the formula Zn(O2CC17H35)2, i.e. Zn2+ bound to stearate. In analogy to basic zinc acetate zinc stearate is Zn4O(O2CR)6, consisting of a Zn4O6+ core with carboxylate ligands spanning the edges. Differentiating these two formulas is difficult. Both would be classified as "zinc soaps" In this context, soap is used in its formal sense, a metal salt of a fatty acid: in this case stearic acid. All zinc stearates are white solid that repels water. It is insoluble in polar solvents such as alcohol and ether but soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene) and chlorinated hydrocarbons when heated. It is the most powerful mold release agent among all metal soaps. It contains no electrolyte and has a hydrophobic effect. Its main application areas are the plastics and rubber industry, where it is used as a releasing agent and lubricant which can be easily incorporated. [3]

Applications

Zinc stearate is widely used as a release agent for the production of many kinds of objects: rubber, polyurethane, polyester processing system, powder metallurgy. These applications exploit its "non-stick" properties. [3] In cosmetics, zinc stearate is a lubricant and thickening agent used to improve texture. [4]

It is an "activator" for accelerated rubber sulfur vulcanization. As discovered in the early days of vulcanization, zinc has a beneficial effect on the reaction of the sulfur with the polyolefin. The stearate is a form of zinc that is highly soluble in the nonpolar medium of the polyolefins.

Being lipophilic, it functions as a phase transfer catalyst for the saponification of fats. [3]

It is a component of some paints, imparting gloss and body. [5] It is used in many primers, for leveling-properties and for improved sanding-qualities.

As a chief ingredient in "fanning powder", it is used by magicians performing card manipulation to decrease the friction between playing cards.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0676". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ↑ "ZINC stearate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  3. 1 2 3 David J. Anneken, Sabine Both, Ralf Christoph, Georg Fieg, Udo Steinberner, Alfred Westfechtel "Fatty Acids" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi : 10.1002/14356007.a10_245.pub2
  4. ↑ "Zinc Stearate | Cosmetics Info". cosmeticsinfo.org. Archived from the original on 2013-09-06.
  5. ↑ Lower, E.S. (1982). "Zinc stearate: its properties and uses". Pigment & Resin Technology. 11 (6): 9–14. doi:10.1108/eb041810.
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