14827 Hypnos

Last updated

14827 Hypnos
Discovery [1]
Discovered by C. S. Shoemaker
E. M. Shoemaker
Discovery site Palomar Obs.
Discovery date5 May 1986
Designations
(14827) Hypnos
Pronunciation /ˈhɪpnɒs/
Named after
 Hypnos [2]
(Greek god of sleep)
1986 JK
Apollo  · NEO  · PHA [1] [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 19.32 yr (7,058 days)
Aphelion 4.7318 AU
Perihelion 0.9491 AU
2.8405 AU
Eccentricity 0.6659
4.79 yr (1,749 days)
206.81°
0° 12m 21.24s / day
Inclination 1.9808°
57.976°
238.09°
Earth  MOID 0.0147 AU ·5.7 LD
Jupiter  MOID 0.5249 AU
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
0.520±0.260 km [4]
>0.74 km [5]
0.9 km (Gehrels 1994) [1]
0.907 km (derived) [6]
0.057 (assumed) [6]
<0.067 (radar) [5]
0.22±0.17 [4]
C [5] [6]
B–V = 0.684 [1]
U–B = 0.492 [1]
18.3 [1]  ·18.65±0.22 [4]  ·18.94 [6] [7]

    14827 Hypnos ( prov. designation:1986 JK) is a highly eccentric, sub-kilometer-sized carbonaceous asteroid that is thought to be an extinct comet. It is classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group.

    Contents

    The asteroid was discovered by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California on 5 May 1986. [3] It was named after Hypnos, the Greek god of sleep. [2]

    Orbit and classification

    Comet-like orbit of Hypnos with a high eccentricity of 0.67 Hypnos-orbit.gif
    Comet-like orbit of Hypnos with a high eccentricity of 0.67

    Hypnos orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.9–4.7  AU once every 4 years and 9 months (1,749 days). Its orbit has a high eccentricity of 0.67 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic. [1] It is frequently perturbed by Jupiter. [8]

    The body's observation arc begins at Anderson Mesa Station the night prior to its official discovery observation at Palomar. [3]

    Close approaches

    As a near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid Hypnos has an Earth minimum orbital intersection distance of 0.0147 AU (2,200,000 km), which corresponds to 5.7 lunar distances. [1]

    In 1958, Hypnos passed less than 0.03 AU from both Earth and Mars. [9] Neither planet has been approached so closely by Hypnos since the 862 AD pass of Earth, or will be until the 2214 pass of Earth.[ citation needed ] It is also a Mars-crosser.

    Extinct comet

    Hypnos may be the nucleus of an extinct comet that is covered by a crust several centimeters thick that prevents any remaining volatiles from outgassing. [10]

    Physical characteristics

    Hypnos is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid. [6] [5]

    Lightcurves

    As of 2018, no rotational lightcurve of Hypnos has been obtained from photometric observations. The asteroids rotation period and spin axis remains unknown. [6] It has a low brightness amplitude of 0.05 magnitude which indicates that the body has a rather spheroidal shape. [7]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the NEOSurvey carried out by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, Hypnos measures 520 meters in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.22 based on an absolute magnitude of 18.65, [4] while infrared radiometry gave a radar albedo of no more than 0.067 and a diameter of at least 740 meters. [5]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard optical albedo for carbonaceous asteroids 0.057 and derives a diameter of 907 meters with an absolute magnitude of 18.94. [6] The diameter agrees with Tom Gehrels 1994-publication Hazards due to Comets and Asteroids in which he estimated a mean-diameter of 900 meters for Hypnos. [1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Hypnos from Greek mythology. He is the god of sleep, son of Nyx and Erebus and twin brother of Thanatos. He enters the sleep of mortals and gives them dreams of foolishness or inspiration. [2] The English word "hypnosis" is derived from his name. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 6 January 2003 ( M.P.C. 47301). [11]

    Exploration

    Hypnos is a target for the LICIACube mission. [12]

    Related Research Articles

    2063 Bacchus, provisional designation 1977 HB, is a stony asteroid and near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 1 kilometer in diameter. The contact binary was discovered on 24 April 1977, by American astronomer Charles Kowal at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. It was named after Bacchus from Roman mythology.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">4183 Cuno</span> Asteroid

    4183 Cuno, provisional designation 1959 LM, is an eccentric, rare-type asteroid, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, and measures approximately 4 kilometers in diameter.

    <span class="nowrap">(53319) 1999 JM<sub>8</sub></span> Largest known potentially hazardous near-Earth asteroid

    (53319) 1999 JM8 is an asteroid, slow rotator and tumbler, classified as a near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA) of the Apollo group, approximately 7 kilometers (4 miles) in diameter, making it the largest PHA known to exist. It was discovered on 13 May 1999, by astronomers of the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research at the Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site near Socorro, New Mexico.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2062 Aten</span> Sub-kilometer asteroid

    2062 Aten, provisional designation 1976 AA, is a stony sub-kilometer asteroid and namesake of the Aten asteroids, a subgroup of near-Earth objects. The asteroid was named after Aten from Egyptian mythology.

    51828 Ilanramon, provisional designation 2001 OU39, is a Gefionian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 20 July 2001, by astronomers of the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking program at Palomar Observatory in California, United States. The asteroid was named in memory of Israeli astronaut Ilan Ramon, who died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.

    3757 Anagolay, provisional designation 1982 XB, is a highly eccentric asteroid, classified as a potentially hazardous asteroid and a near-Earth object of the Amor group, approximately half a kilometer in diameter. It was discovered on 14 December 1982, by American astronomer Eleanor Helin at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. The asteroid was named after Anagolay from Philippine mythology.

    3988 Huma, provisional designation 1986 LA, is an eccentric sub-kilometer asteroid and near-Earth object of the Amor group. It was discovered on 4 June 1986, by American astronomer Eleanor Helin at Palomar Observatory, California. The asteroid measures approximately 700 to 800 meters in diameter and was named after the Huma bird from Iranian mythology.

    <span class="nowrap">(185851) 2000 DP<sub>107</sub></span>

    (185851) 2000 DP107 is a sub-kilometer sized asteroid, classified as potentially hazardous asteroid and near-Earth object of the Apollo group that is notable because it provided evidence for binary asteroids in the near-Earth population. The PROCYON probe developed by JAXA and the University of Tokyo was intended to flyby this asteroid before its ion thruster failed and could not be restarted.

    15258 Alfilipenko, provisional designation 1990 RN17, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 September 1990, by Russian–Ukraininan astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravleva at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Nauchnyj, on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after Russian civil engineer Aleksandr Filipenko.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">1580 Betulia</span>

    1580 Betulia, provisional designation 1950 KA, is an eccentric, carbonaceous asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Amor group, approximately 4.2 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 May 1950, by South African astronomer Ernest Johnson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was named for Betulia Toro, wife of astronomer Samuel Herrick.

    27270 Guidotti, provisional designation 2000 AY4, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 2 January 2000, by Italian astronomers Luciano Tesi and Alfredo Caronia at the Pistoia Mountains Astronomical Observatory in San Marcello Pistoiese, Italy. The asteroid was named after amateur astronomer Guido Guidotti.

    7088 Ishtar, provisional designation 1992 AA, is a synchronous binary asteroid and near-Earth object from the Amor group, approximately 1.3 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 1 January 1992, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The relatively bright asteroid with an unknown spectral type has a rotation period of 2.7 hours. In December 2005, a 330-meter sized satellite was discovered, orbiting its primary every 20.65 hours.

    11949 Kagayayutaka, provisional designation 1993 SD2, is a stony background asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 23 kilometers (14 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 19 September 1993, by Japanese amateur astronomers Kin Endate and Kazuro Watanabe at Kitami Observatory in eastern Hokkaidō, Japan. The asteroid was named after Japanese artist Kagaya Yutaka.

    4341 Poseidon is a rare-type asteroid classified as near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 2.3 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at Palomar Observatory on 29 May 1987. The asteroid was named after Poseidon from Greek mythology.

    7336 Saunders, provisional designation 1989 RS1, is a stony asteroid and near-Earth object of the Amor group, approximately 0.5 kilometers in diameter.

    11948 Justinehénin, provisional designation 1993 QQ4, is a Themistian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter.

    (31345) 1998 PG is an eccentric, stony asteroid and binary system, classified as near-Earth object of the Amor group of asteroids, approximately 900 meters in diameter. It minor-planet moon, S/2001 (31345) 1, has an estimated diameter of 270 meters.

    <span class="nowrap">(192642) 1999 RD<sub>32</sub></span> Asteroid and suspected contact binary

    (192642) 1999 RD32, provisional designation: 1999 RD32, is an asteroid and suspected contact binary on an eccentric orbit, classified as a large near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, approximately 5 kilometers (3 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 8 September 1999, at a magnitude of 18, by astronomers of the LINEAR program using its 1-meter telescope at the Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site near Socorro, New Mexico, United States. The asteroid is likely of carbonaceous composition and has a rotation period of 17.08 hours.

    <span class="nowrap">2014 JO<sub>25</sub></span> Near-Earth asteroid discovered in 2014.

    2014 JO25 is a near-Earth asteroid. It was discovered in May 2014 by astronomers at the Catalina Sky Survey near Tucson, Arizona - a project of NASA's NEO (Near Earth Object) Observations Program in collaboration with the University of Arizona.

    <span class="nowrap">2016 DV<sub>1</sub></span> Apollo near-Earth asteroid

    2016 DV1 is a near-Earth asteroid estimated to be roughly 29–65 meters (95–210 feet) in diameter. It is a fast rotating asteroid of the Apollo group which was first observed by the Mount Lemmon Survey on 28 February 2016, just days before it passed Earth at 1 lunar distance (LD) on 3 March 2016. The elongated fast rotator has a rotation period of 303 seconds. It was recovered in February 2021 as it was about to pass Earth on 3 March 2021 at a distance of 0.0053 AU (2.1 LD; 790,000 km; 490,000 mi).

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 14827 Hypnos (1986 JK)" (2005-08-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 12 September 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2006). "(14827) Hypnos [2.84, 0.67, 2.0]". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (14827) Hypnos, Addendum to Fifth Edition: 2003–2005. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 88. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-34361-5_896. ISBN   978-3-540-34361-5.
    3. 1 2 3 "14827 Hypnos (1986 JK)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
    4. 1 2 3 4 Trilling, David E.; Mommert, Michael; Hora, Joseph; Chesley, Steve; Emery, Joshua; Fazio, Giovanni; et al. (December 2016). "NEOSurvey 1: Initial Results from the Warm Spitzer Exploration Science Survey of Near-Earth Object Properties". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (6): 10. arXiv: 1608.03673 . Bibcode:2016AJ....152..172T. doi: 10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/172 .
    5. 1 2 3 4 5 Lance Benner (3 April 2012). "NEA Radar Albedo Ranking". Asteroid Radar Research. Archived from the original on 6 October 2000. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
    6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "LCDB Data for (14827) Hypnos". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
    7. 1 2 Wisniewski, W. Z. (June 1987). "Photometry of six radar target asteroids". Icarus. 70 (3): 566–572. Bibcode:1987Icar...70..566W. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90096-0. ISSN   0019-1035 . Retrieved 12 September 2017.
    8. ↑ "JPL Close-Approach Data: 14827 Hypnos (1986 JK)" (last observation: 2000-10-25). Retrieved 6 May 2009.
    9. ↑ "NEODys (14827) Hypnos". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
    10. ↑ Whitman, Kathryn; Morbidelli, Alessandro; Jedicke, Robert (July 2006). "The size frequency distribution of dormant Jupiter family comets". Icarus. 183 (1): 101–114. arXiv: astro-ph/0603106 . Bibcode:2006Icar..183..101W. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.256.3946 . doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.02.016. S2CID   14026673 . Retrieved 12 September 2017.
    11. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
    12. ↑ https://twitter.com/LICIACube/status/1585556947595661313/photo/1
    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.