1743 in science

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Last updated May 29, 2025

The year 1743 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Astronomy

November 29 – Discovery of C/1743 X1, the 'Great Comet of 1744' (sic.), by Jan de Munck at Middelburg and subsequently by de Chéseaux and Klinkenberg.^[1]

Geology

Sir Christopher Packe produces a geological map of south-east England.

Metrology

May 19 – French physicist Jean-Pierre Christin of Lyon publishes the design of a mercury thermometer with a centigrade scale running from 0 representing the freezing point of water and 100 its boiling point.

Physiology and medicine

June 2 – British surgeon William Hunter presents his paper "Of the structure and diseases of articulating cartilages".^[2]

Awards

Copley Medal: Abraham Trembley ^[3]

Births

February 13 – Joseph Banks, English botanist (died 1820)
February 28 – René Just Haüy, French mineralogist (died 1822)
April 13 (April 2 O.S.) – Thomas Jefferson, Founding Father and 3rd President of the United States and inventor (died 1826)
June 3 – Lucia Galeazzi Galvani, Italian scientist (died 1788)
August 17 – Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann, German geographer and zoologist (died 1815)
August 26 – Antoine Lavoisier, French chemist (died 1794)
September 17 – Marquis de Condorcet, French mathematician, philosopher and political scientist (died 1794)
October 20 – François Chopart, French surgeon (died 1795)
November 11 – Carl Peter Thunberg, Swedish botanist (died 1828)
December 1 – Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist (died 1817)
Elisabeth Christina von Linné, Swedish botanist (died 1782)

Deaths

References

↑ De Munck, J. (1744). Sterrekundige Waarneemingen op de Comeet of Staart-Sterre: Sedert den 29 November des Jaars 1743; tot op den 1 Maart van den Jaare 1744. Amsterdam; Middelburg: Isaak Tirion; Hendrik van Hoekke.
↑ Hunter, William (1743). "Of the Structure and Diseases of Articulating Cartilages" . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society . 42 (470). London: 514–21. doi:10.1098/rstl.1742.0079. PMID 7671493. S2CID 186214128 . Retrieved 2012-01-05.^{[ permanent dead link ]}
↑ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020.

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[1] De Munck, J. (1744). Sterrekundige Waarneemingen op de Comeet of Staart-Sterre: Sedert den 29 November des Jaars 1743; tot op den 1 Maart van den Jaare 1744. Amsterdam; Middelburg: Isaak Tirion; Hendrik van Hoekke.

[2] Hunter, William (1743). "Of the Structure and Diseases of Articulating Cartilages" . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society . 42 (470). London: 514–21. doi:10.1098/rstl.1742.0079. PMID 7671493. S2CID 186214128 . Retrieved 2012-01-05.^{[ permanent dead link ]}

[3] "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020.

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