1883 in literature

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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1883.

Events

The Adventures of Pinocchio , illustration from the first Italian edition

• January 13 – Henrik Ibsen's play An Enemy of the People (En folkefiende, 1882) gains its first performance at the Christiania Theatre. ^[1]
• February – Carlo Collodi's children's story The Adventures of Pinocchio appears first in Italy complete in book form as Le avventure di Pinocchio.
• May 23 – Robert Louis Stevenson's children's pirate adventure novel Treasure Island first appears in book form from Cassell in London.
• June – Footlights, the University of Cambridge drama club in England, gives its first performance.
• June 4 – Mihai Eminescu reads his nationalist poem Doina to an enthusiastic crowd at Junimea in Iași. ^[2] It is sometimes described as his last work before a mental breakdown later this year. Eminescu's host Ion Creangă recalls it being composed on the spot, ^[3] but some researchers date it back to 1870. ^[4]
• June 30–October 20 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novel The Black Arrow: A Tale of Tunstall Forest is serialized in the British magazine Young Folks as by "Captain George North". Stevenson completes writing it at the end of the summer in France.
• July – The first issue of Fiamuri Arbërit , an Albanian literary and political magazine, is published from Cosenza. Managed by Girolamo de Rada, it promotes Ottomanism against Philhellenism. ^[5]
• August – Ivan Turgenev dictates his last story, "An end", to Pauline Viardot (who writes it in French) on his deathbed at Bougival in France. ^[6]
• August 29 – Dunfermline Carnegie Library, the first Carnegie library, opens in Andrew Carnegie's home town, Dunfermline, Scotland.
• October 3–9 – Turgenev's body is returned by train from Paris to Saint Petersburg with crowds turning out to honor him. ^[6]
• December 27–28 – The Modern Language Association of America holds its first meeting.
• Uncertain dates
  • Mark Twain's memoirs Life on the Mississippi are published simultaneously in Boston (Massachusetts) and London, as the first major book submitted to a publisher in typescript. ^[7]
  • Kisari Mohan Ganguli begins publication of the first English-language translation of the Mahabharata .
  • The Deutsches Theater company is formed in Berlin. ^[8]

New books

Fiction

• Emilia Pardo Bazán – La tribuna
• Mary Elizabeth Braddon – Phantom Fortune
• Rhoda Broughton – Belinda
• Hugh Conway – Called Back
• Wilkie Collins – Heart and Science
• Anne Elliot – Dr. Edith Romney
• Ludwig Ganghofer – The Hunter of Fall
• Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam – Contes cruels
• John Hay – The Bread-Winners (anonymous serialization in The Century Magazine )
• Alexander Kielland – Poison (Gift)
• Jonas Lie – Familien paa Gilje (The Gilje family)
• John Macnie (as Ismar Thiusen) – The Diothas; or, A Far Look Ahead
• Mary E. Mann – The Parish of Hilby
• Guy de Maupassant – Une Vie
• George A. Moore – A Modern Lover
• Friedrich Nietzsche – Thus Spoke Zarathustra (Also sprach Zarathustra, publication begins)
• Sir Thomas Wemyss Reid – Gladys Fane
• Charlotte Riddell – A Struggle for Fame
• Annie S. Swan – Aldersyde
• Giovanni Verga – Novelle rusticane (Rustic short stories, about Sicily)
• Jules Verne – Kéraban the Inflexible (Kéraban-le-têtu)

Children and young people

• Carlo Collodi – The Adventures of Pinocchio (Le avventure di Pinocchio)
• George MacDonald – The Princess and Curdie
• Howard Pyle – The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood
• Robert Louis Stevenson – Treasure Island (book publication)

Drama

• Frances Hodgson Burnett and William Gillette – Esmeralda
• François Coppée – Severo Torelli
• Imre Madách – The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája, first performed)
• Edward Rose – Vice Versa
• George Robert Sims – In the Ranks
• August Strindberg – Lycko-Pers resa (Lucky Peter's Travels or Lucky Pehr)
• Oscar Wilde – Vera; or, The Nihilists (first performed)
• William Young – The Rajah; or Wyncot's Ward

Poetry

Main article: 1883 in poetry

Non-fiction

• Mathilde Blind – George Eliot
• Hall Caine – Cobwebs of Criticism
• Thomas Hill Green (died 1882) – Prolegomena to Ethics
• J.-K. Huysmans – L'Art moderne
• Agnes Catherine Maitland (as A. C. M., Examiner...) – The Rudiments of Cookery: a Manual for Use in Schools and Homes
• William Robinson – The English Flower Garden
• J. R. Seeley – The Expansion of England
• Alfred Percy Sinnett – Esoteric Buddhism
• John Addington Symonds – A Problem in Greek Ethics: an inquiry into the phenomenon of sexual inversion, addressed especially to medical psychologists and jurists
• Mark Twain – Life on the Mississippi

Births

• January 1 – Alberto Gerchunoff, Argentine writer (died 1949)
• January 6 – Kahlil Gibran, Lebanese-born poet and novelist writing in Arabic and English (died 1931)
• January 10 – Aleksei Tolstoy, Russian writer (died 1945) ^[9]
• January 20 – Forrest Wilson, American journalist and author (died 1942)
• January 21 – Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet and teacher (died 1929)
• February 8 – Joseph Schumpeter, Austrian/American political economist (died 1950)
• February 15 – Sax Rohmer (Arthur Henry Ward), English novelist (died 1959)
• February 16 – Elizabeth Craig, British writer (died [1980)
• February 20 – Naoya Shiga, Japanese novelist (died 1971)
• March 2 (February 18 O.S.) – Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek novelist (died 1957)
• March 9 – Umberto Saba, Italian poet and novelist (died 1957)
• March 17 – Urmuz, Romanian short prose writer (died 1923)
• March 27 (March 15 O.S.) – Marie Under, Estonian poet (died 1980)
• April 18 – Aleksanteri Aava, Finnish poet (died 1956)
• April 27 – Hubert Harrison, African-American writer, critic, and activist (died 1927) ^[10]
• April 30 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (died 1923) ^[11]
• June 3 – Franz Kafka, Czech novelist writing in German (died 1924)
• June 4 – Joseph Jefferson Farjeon, English crime writer (died 1955)
• July 29 – Porfirio Barba-Jacob, Colombian writer (died 1942)
• September 14 – Rose Combe, French writer and railway worker (died 1932) ^[12]
• September 22 – Ferenc Oslay, Hungarian-Slovene historian, writer and irredenta (died 1932)
• October 18 – Helena Boguszewska, Polish writer, columnist and a social activist (died 1978)
• December 13 – Belle da Costa Greene, American librarian (died 1950) ^[13]
• December 23 – Yoshishige Abe, Japanese philosopher and politician (died 1966)
• December 30 – Marie Gevers, Belgian novelist writing in French (died 1975)
• unknown date – May Edginton, English popular novelist (died 1957) ^[14]

Deaths

• January 21 – Anna Eliza Bray, English novelist and travel writer (born 1790)
• March 14 – Karl Marx, German philosopher (born 1818)
• April 24 – Jules Sandeau, French novelist (born 1811)
• May 15 – Mary Elizabeth Mohl ("Clarkey"), English-born literary salonnière (born 1793)
• May 23 – Cyprian Norwid, Polish poet, dramatist and artist (born 1821)
• June 20 – Gustave Aimard, French novelist (born 1818)
• June 11 – Caroline Leigh Gascoigne, English poet, novelist, short story writer (born 1813)
• July 16 – Edward Backhouse Eastwick, Anglo-Indian orientalist and translator (born 1814)
• August 31 – Levin Schücking, German novelist (born 1814)
• September 2 – Léon Halévy, French historian and dramatist (born 1802)
• September 3 – Ivan Turgenev, Russian novelist (born 1818)
• September 10 – Hendrik Conscience, Flemish novelist (born 1812)
• September 25 – George Ayliffe Poole, English writer and cleric (born 1809) ^[15]
• November 26 – Sojourner Truth, African American abolitionist, women's rights activist, and author (born 1797) ^[16]
• December 13 – Victor de Laprade, French poet and critic (born 1812) ^[17]
• unknown date – Mary S. B. Shindler, American poet (born 1810)

References

1. Hanssen, Jens-Morten (2001-08-10). "Facts about An Enemy of the People". Ibsen.net. Retrieved 2013-02-08.
2. Irimia, Dumitru (1984). "1883 – anul Eminescu". Anuar de Lingvistică și Istorie Literară. XXIX: 1.
3. Gorovei, Arthur (1930). Alte vremuri. Amintiri literare. Fălticeni: J. Bendit. pp. 62–63.
4. Ornea, Z. (2000). "Un doctrinar legionar de azi". România Literară (in Romanian) (37). Archived from the original on 2016-08-26.
5. Clayer, Nathalie (2007). Aux origines du nationalisme albanais. La naissance d'une nation majoritairement musulmane en Europe. Paris: Karthala. pp. 293–294. ISBN   978-2-84586-816-8.
6. Figes, Orlando (2019). The Europeans: three lives and the making of a cosmopolitan culture. [London]: Allen Lane. pp. 462–7. ISBN   978-0-241-00489-0.
7. Rehr, Darryl. "The First Typewriter". Archived from the original on 2009-02-01. Retrieved 2013-11-03.
8. Martin Banham; James R. Brandon (21 September 1995). The Cambridge Guide to Theatre. Cambridge University Press. p. 585. ISBN   978-0-521-43437-9.
9. Stanley Hochman (1984). McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes. McGraw-Hill. p. 31.
10. Moore, Richard B., "Hubert Henry Harrison (1883-1927)", in Rayford W. Logan and Michael R. Winston (eds), Dictionary of American Negro Biography (New York: W. W. Norton, 1982), 292–93.
11. Patrick, Julian (2009). 501 great writers : A comprehensive guide to the giants of literature. Apple. p. 287. ISBN   9781845433109.
12. Vialatte, Alexandre; Pourrat, Henri; Hadjadj, Dany; Coyault, Sylviane (2001). Correspondance Alexandre Vialatte - Henri Pourrat: 1916-1959 5, De Paris à Héliopolis: mars 1935 - juillet 1939 (in French). Clermont-Ferrand: Presses Universitaires Blaise-Pascal. p. 58. ISBN   978-2-84516-381-2.
13. "Belle da Costa Greene | American librarian and bibliographer". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
14. Lorna Sage; Germaine Greer; Elaine Showalter (30 September 1999). The Cambridge Guide to Women's Writing in English. Cambridge University Press. p. 214. ISBN   978-0-521-66813-2.
15. John McClintock (1889). Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature. Harper & brothers. p. 780.
16. Frances E. Ruffin (15 December 2001). Sojourner Truth: Early Abolitionist. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 21. ISBN   978-0-8239-5826-9.
17. Charles Dudley Warner (1 July 2008). A Library of the World's Best Literature - Ancient and Modern - Vol.XLIII (Forty-Five Volumes); Dictionary of Authors (K-Z). Cosimo, Inc. p. 327. ISBN   978-1-60520-251-8.